Transition Metals Overview

Common Metals in Everyday Life

• Found in the middle block of the periodic table.
• Examples include: Iron, Copper, Tungsten, Cobalt, Nickel, Platinum.

Characteristics of Transition Metals

• Contrast with Group 1 Metals (e.g., Sodium, Potassium):
  • Group 1: Soft, low melting, highly reactive.
  • Transition Metals: High melting points, lower reactivity, brightly colored compounds.
• Physical Properties:
  • Greater strength and hardness.
  • Resistant to reaction with water and oxygen.

Chemical Properties of Transition Metals

• Ionic Forms:
  • Can exist in multiple ionic forms.
  • Example: Copper can be Cu⁺ or Cu²⁺.
• Color of Compounds:
  • Brightly colored compounds due to different ionic forms.
  • Example: Potassium chloride (no color) vs. Copper chloride (blue-green color).
• Variable Charges:
  • Transition metals can form ions with different charges.
  • Example: Manganese can form ions with positive 2, 3, 4, 6, and 7 charges, each with different colors.

Summary

• Transition metals have similar and useful physical and chemical properties.
• They can form ions with variable charges, leading to a range of compound colors.

Additional Notes

• Watch the video for more visual examples and explanations.
• Further research is encouraged to understand why these metals can form variable ionic charges.

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