Lecture Notes: Amazon's Prime Shipping and Logistics
Introduction to Amazon Prime Shipping
- Launch of Prime (2005): Introduced a major shift in shipping expectations.
- 2019 Update: Amazon accelerated Prime shipping from two days to one day for 10 million products.
- Impact on Customer Expectations: Customers expect fast, consistent delivery of anything from Amazon.
Economic Impact of Fast Shipping
- Shipping Costs: Tens of billions annually; Q4 2018 saw a 23% increase in shipping costs ($9 billion).
- Investment in One-Day Shipping: $800 million in Q2 2019 for infrastructure and transportation.
Amazon’s Fulfillment and Logistics Network
- Infrastructure: Reduction in reliance on UPS and USPS; investment in own logistics.
- Assets: 50 airplanes, 300 semi-trucks, 20,000 delivery vans.
- Third-party Sellers: 58% of sales by third parties (2018).
- Fulfillment Centers: 175 globally, with 250,000 workers and 100,000 robots.
Automation and Workforce
- Robotics Integration: Use of robots for efficiency in fulfillment centers; purchase of Kiva robotics.
- Workforce Changes: $700 million investment to retrain a third of U.S. workforce by 2025.
Last-Mile Delivery Challenges
- Outsourcing and Costs: Use of UPS and USPS; fees increased in January.
- Amazon Flex: On-demand delivery service operating in ~50 U.S. cities.
Innovations in Delivery
- Small Business Partnerships: Encouragement for employees to start delivery services with financial support.
- Autonomous Delivery: Testing drones and Scout robots for package delivery.
Working Conditions and Safety Concerns
- Workplace Issues: Reports of unreasonable pace, safety issues, and worker protests.
- Safety Investments: $55 million in 2018 on safety improvements; million hours of safety training.
Challenges in Amazon's Aviation Operations
- Pilot Concerns: Issues with working conditions and pay; union protests.
- Safety Regulations: Compliance with FAA and supplier codes.
Conclusion
- Future of Shipping: Amazon's continuous need to innovate to maintain leadership in rapid delivery.
- Competitive Landscape: Other retailers like Walmart and Target adapting to meet fast shipping expectations.
Amazon's logistics network is a complex system involving high costs, advanced technology, labor management, and continuous innovation to maintain customer satisfaction and market dominance.