Hey guys, in this video we are going to be talking about possession, posesión, and how we do it in Spanish. In English, when we're talking about possession, the main way that we do possession in English is with the apostrophe s. So the apostrophe s, like my mother's house, that apostrophe s lets us know that that house belongs to my mother. In English, we can also use adjective, possessive adjectives.
to demonstrate possession. An example of that would be my house, your house, her house, his house, our house, especially here in Oklahoma, a lot of people might say y'all's house, and then their house to indicate whose house that belongs to. In Spanish, we won't have the first one. So the apostrophe S or any form of equivalent to that will not exist in Spanish. But there are a direct correlation to the possessive adjectives that we have in English.
So in Spanish, because we don't have an apostrophe S, instead, what we will say is de, la casa de Miguel. So that phrase, la casa de Miguel, could translate directly to English as Miguel's house. So the de is functioning very similarly to the apostrophe S in English. Also, Spanish can utilize possessive adjectives. Mi casa, my house, tu casa, your house, su casa, his house, her house, your formal house, nuestra casa, and su casa.
Immediately, you should notice that nuestro, the first person plural, will agree in gender and number. So nuestra casa, but if we had multiple houses, nuestras casas. And if you were talking about a masculine noun, like escritorio, desk, you would say nuestro escritorio. Or if you have multiple desks, nuestros escritorios.
The other ones will only show number. So mi casa might become mis casas if I have multiple houses. Tu casa, tus casas. su casa sus casas su can be complicated in spanish because su could mean his her your or there so it can mean all four uh because of that sometimes you'll hear somebody say like su casa de miguel where they're just even further clarifying okay i want you guys to pause the video and go through and try to translate these possessive phrases into spanish All right, you got these in your notes? All right.
Matt's brother would translate to el hermano de Matt. It's important that we get el in there because we're modifying that noun, hermano, and with that modification, it needs to become the brother of Matt. El hermano de Matt. So in a sentence, I could say, oh, he is Matt's brother. El es el hermano de Matt.
Juan's children. And we see below children as hijos, los hijos de Juan, los hijos de Juan. My mother, so my is just going to be me, mi madre.
Your dad, that could be tu padre or su padre, depending on if you're being informal or formal. And then his wife, su esposa. Notice that su doesn't tell you that he's a guy.
Sue just tells you that you're talking about the third person. Sue Esposa. Okay.
Take a moment, pause the video and write out what each of these should be. All right, let's go through them each one by one. So es mi libro.
Mi familia es ecuatoriana. Your esposo, tu esposo. Es italiano.
The F-A-M in the prompt just means familiar, informal. Nuestro profesor es su reloj. Reloj is a watch. Es. Tu mochila es su maleta.
Su being the formal. Su sobrina es alemana. Notice that this doesn't become sus just because it's there, multiple. It's su, singular, to agree with sobrina, singular. Over here we have all the plurals.
Our primos, nuestros primos. Son canadienses. It's nuestros because it needs to agree with primos.
Son sus lápices. And it's sus because it needs to agree with lápices, which is plural. Sus nietos son japoneses. Son nuestras plumas. Son mis papeles.
And son... No. Mis amigas son inglesas and son sus cuadernos. So here you're going to need to put in the correct color of the item in the first blank and then put in a day phrase.
So a day phrase would be like de la, del, de los, de las. So take a look at the gender of this word and decide if you need to have de la. for feminine, del for masculine, de los for plural, and de las for plural but feminine. All right, let's go through these one by one. So la bicicleta, and then it is amarilla, and it's amarilla because bicicleta is feminine.
So la bicicleta amarilla es de la abuela. So abuela is feminine, de la abuela. Las mochilas, and then they are red, and it's also feminine, plural. So rojas son de la nieta. Nieta, granddaughter.
El coche verde es de los tíos de Juan Carlos. Las computadoras azules son del esposo de Ana María. So what's happening with del is that de el.
combines always to del in Spanish. So if you have a masculine singular el after de, it will always contract into del. So that's why this is sung del esposo de Ana Maria. Okay.
Here, look at the blank, look at the word after it and decide the correct form. Go ahead and pause the video, write this out, make sure it's in your notes. um and we'll start working on it all right let's go through these so plural all right mis padres y abuelos so it's got to be mis padres y abuelos viven en austria pero nuestra So that's our, nuestro, but then we see the word familia, and familia is feminine, so it's nuestra familia vive en Mexico. Hermano, singular, so it's going to be mi, hermano. Francisco Jose es emperador de Austria.
His palace, palace is singular, su. Palacio es enorme. Palacio, singular, mi. Mi palacio en el parque de Chapultepec, Chapultepec, también es grande y majestuoso. Es aquí donde mi esposa y yo pasamos la mayoría de nuestro, our, and then because tiempo is masculine, we don't have to change nuestro, nuestro tiempo.
El nombre de mi esposa es Marie-Charlotte-Humilly, some French name, a really long French name. But for them... And it's sus because amigas is plural.
Sus amigas, pero para sus amigas es Carlota. All right. A little bit more challenging. What I want you to do is in your notes, write out answers to all these questions.
But let's go through some of the words that you might not know. Is your family big? ¿Es grande tu familia? ¿Cuántas personas hay? How many people are there in tu familia?
¿Hay una mascota? Mascota is like an animal that lives in your house, like a dog or a cat. So dog would be perro.
Cat would be gato. I think some people might have ratones, just rats or mice. Ratone, I think is rat, and then you would have ratas for mice, but that changes regionally.
Or a fish, pes. For one fish, peces. For multiple fish, pes, peces. ¿De dónde son tus padres? ¿Trabajan mucho?
Do your parents work a lot? ¿Mira la tele mucho tu hermano? ¿Cómo se llaman tus tíos y tus tías?
Tíos, uncles, tías, aunts. ¿Cómo se llaman sus esposos, their spouses, y sus hijos, their children? ¿Estudian o trabajan tus primos, your cousins?
All right, so write out an answer to that prompt. And then the next prompt, ¿Son tus mejores amigos de aquí? ¿Qué estudian tus amigos?
¿Cuáles son sus clases favoritas? ¿Caminan mucho? en la universidad bailan you guys dance bailan baila bien tu mejor amigo it's your best friend dance well all right take a moment write out answers This is really good practice for when we do the oral interview at the midpoint. So these are a lot of the types of questions that I'll be asking about your family. So get ready for that family vocab.
But I'll give you my answer. Mi familia no es muy grande. En mi familia hay seis personas.
Mi madre y mi padre, yo. Y tengo tres hermanos. Entonces hay seis personas en total.
Mis padres, mis, I'm responding, so I'm saying mis. Padres son de Michigan. ¿Trabajan mucho?
No. Mis padres no trabajan mucho. Mis padres están jubilados. Jubilados, retired.
¿Mira la tele mucho tu hermano? No sé. Yo creo que sí.
I think so. Yo creo que sí. No estoy seguro.
Not sure. ¿Cómo se llaman tus tíos y tías? Tengo muchos tías. Y tengo muchos tíos. Mi tío favorito se llama Gary.
Y mi tía favorita se llama Leah. ¿Cómo se llaman sus esposos y sus hijos? El esposo de Leah se llama Ronnie y la esposa de Gary se llama Jane. Notice how I have to structure that.
So to say like Gary's wife, I can't just say Gary's esposa. That doesn't work in Spanish. You have to say la esposa de Gary.
La esposo, el esposo, digo. El esposo de Leah. ¿Estudian o trabajan tus primos?
Trabajan. Todos. Ninguno estudia.
We're all too old for studying now. ¿Son tus mejores amigos de aquí? No. They're not from here. No son de aquí.
¿Qué estudian tus amigos? Mis amigos no estudian. Pero mis amigos... En la universidad estudian historia y estudian ciencia politica y estudian espanol como yo.
¿Cuáles son sus clases favoritas? Matemáticas, creo. Les gusta historia, les gusta inglés, literatura.
¿Caminan ustedes mucho en la universidad? No. Aquí, en Northwestern, todo está muy cerca. Everything is really close. No caminamos mucho.
We do not walk very much. ¿Bailan ustedes? No.
No bailamos. Casi nunca. ¿Y baila bien tu mejor amigo?
No. No baila bien. All right, so this has been possessive adjectives and possessive pronouns. Keep in mind, when you're asking questions, you're going to be reflecting these. So if I ask you, like, what is your best friend's name?
You will say my best friend. ¿Cómo se llama tu mejor amigo? Mi mejor amigo se llama, then their name, right?
The next video. is going to be about family. And the final video for today is going to be about Sarah and describing people.
The big important video is the family video because that vocab is a big part of the midterm exam. So make sure you take your time and you learn that family vocab when you're learning it. Try to learn it using possessive phrases. You'll see what I mean in the next video.