When we supply to the field winding and the armature winding both these windings starts producing a magnetic field and because of this interaction of these two magnetic field the armature of DC motor starts rotating. Yes, using on-screen animation we are going to learn how DC motor works. So without wasting time let's quickly jump to the video. DC motor is used to convert electrical energy into mechanical energy.
From small rating motors in various home applications and toys to large rating motors in locomotives and industries, DC motors are used everywhere. Basically, these DC motors are used in various applications in different size. There are different types of DC motors and if you want to learn that thing, then you must check out my this video. There I am discussing classification of DC motor and generator with the differences in the construction.
But ultimately all of these motor works the same. And now we are going to explore how this DC motor works. When we give supply to the field winding and the armature winding, current starts flowing through both the windings. Because of that current a magnetic field is produced. and because of the interaction of two magnetic field rotor starts rotating.
But at initial level it is difficult to understand. So we'll build up with simple example and then gradually understand the full working of DC motor. So let's have a simple example.
Let's suppose we have a magnet and if we bring another magnet closer to this what will happen? In this case both of these magnets are facing the same polarity so it will try to ripple each other and the another magnet will go away remember this thing because this logic we are going to use to understand the operation as the same polarity of permanent magnet ripple each other the same thing going to happen in dc motor but the only difference is dc motor do not have permanent magnet it has electromagnet So let's understand how does it creates electromagnet. When we take a normal metal piece, all the electron dipoles in that metal piece are randomly arranged.
And in order to make all these dipoles in one direction, we need to connect it with a coil and flow a current through that coil. When the current flows, all the dipole will be arranged in same direction. How this is happening?
If you know, then write that thing in comments below. and if you want to know then write that thing in comments below and I'll make a separate animated video on that logic. Now we come to know that how this electromagnet has been created. So we'll take a simple model of DC motor and understand how does it works.
We have a two metal piece. We are going to use this DC source to make this two metal piece are two electromagnets. When we start flowing current through these electromagnets, these two simple metal piece will convert into electromagnet.
One metal piece become n-pole and the another becomes s-pole and there will be a magnetic field between n to s. Now let's place a copper loop in this magnetic field. The end of this copper loop will be connected to a commutator and the commutator assembly is connected to the brush. and then finally the brush is connected to the dc supply and here we have another angled view of the simple arrangement now we know that when we place a current carrying conductor in a magnetic field then that current carrying conductor tries to move it will experience a force but right now there is no current flowing through this coil and that is why we are not getting any mechanical movement in this coil now we'll see when we place a copper conductor in a magnetic field it will experience a force but what will be the direction of force the direction can be identified through Fleming's left hand rule this is the right hand this is the left hand and this is the Fleming's left hand rule the first finger shows the direction of magnetic field let's place it in the direction of magnetic field our magnetic field is in this direction so it is in the direction of magnetic field The second finger will be in the direction of current. Current is flowing in this direction so it is pointing towards it.
and this third one will represent the direction of force experienced. So, the force will be in upward direction. In other words, you can understand it like this. When the current flowing through this section of the coil in upward direction, then this will become S pole and the current is flowing in downward direction, then this will become N pole.
So, we have seen previously. the same polarity will ripple each other. So the same thing happen over here. Here we have S pole facing S pole, N pole facing N pole.
So here we will have a magnetic push and because of this magnetic push the rotor will shift. But when the coil is in this position because of this arrangement of commutator segment there will not be any current flowing through this. coil but still this coil moves further because of its inertia when this coil reaches under the end pole section what will happen to this coil let's understand at this side initially this side was on left hand side of the coil and this side was on the right hand side of the coil but when this side was on left hand side the current was flowing in upward direction and when this side was on right hand side the current was flowing in downward direction But here the direction of current has changed and because of this changed direction of the current magnetic polarity will also reverses and this side become again n pole and this side will become again s pole and when this is the case again the same thing will happen this s pole facing s and this n pole facing n and because of this this will experience a magnetic force.
That force is known as the torque and because of that torque this rotor will start rotating. At this point the torque will be almost zero but because of its inertia it will keep on rotating. a lot and that motivation keeps me working on creating this type of animated videos.
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And when we keep this supply on this rotor will keep on rotating but one thing you should understand that with only one turn and one loop this motor will not have a smooth rotation and a high amount of torque so to get smooth rotation and good amount of torque it should have multiple turns and multiple loops so now we are going to jump towards the real dc motors animation and we'll understand that thing this is our dc motor these are the pole of dc motor this center portion is the armature here you can see there are multiple loops we have arranged in this armature so these are the loops that we have seen previously now we are providing winding on the field poles and together this will become a field winding now we are going to mount a commutator assembly which is connected with the brush assembly and then finally we are providing the connections to the terminal box. Now we'll provide a supply to the field winding and when the current starts flowing through the field winding it produces a constant magnetic field. The same way to this field winding we will provide supply to the armature winding and when the current flows through this armature This winding also produces another magnetic field. When these two magnetic field interacts with each other it will create some magnetic pull and because of this magnetic pull the rotor will starts rotating. So finally I am going to tell you the full sequence of how this DC motor works.
First we'll supply to field winding as well as to armature winding. Because of this supply current starts flowing to both this winding. When current starts flowing in both this winding, both the winding creates a magnetic film. When both the winding creates magnetic field, the field poles and armature will behave as a magnet.
When there are two magnets, same polarity will repel each other and because of this repulsion force, rotor will start rotating. And this is how the DC motor works. There are more similar interesting animated videos on my channel.
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