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Nasogastric Tube Insertion Guide

Mar 15, 2025

Nasogastric Tube Insertion Procedure

Pre-Procedure Steps

  • Hand Hygiene: Wash hands following CDC guidelines to ensure patient safety.
  • Introduce Self: Clearly introduce yourself to the patient.
  • Patient Identification: Use two patient identifiers to confirm the patient's identity.
  • Allergy Check: Verify the patient's allergy status.

Materials Needed

  • Lopez valve
  • Cup of water and straw
  • Suction tubing
  • Specimen cup
  • Stethoscope
  • Water-soluble lubricant
  • Absorbent pad or towel
  • Penlight
  • Tongue blade
  • pH strips
  • Tape
  • NG strip
  • Irrigation tray
  • Piston syringe and needle
  • Gastric tube

Procedure Steps

Initial Assessment

  • GI Assessment: Assess the necessity for nasogastric tube placement.
  • Patient Positioning: Place the patient in a high Fowler’s position, covering the chest with a towel or absorbent pad.
  • Explain Procedure: Explain the procedure to the patient and develop a hand signal for communication.
  • Facial/Nasal Assessment: Use a penlight to assess for any issues in facial or nasal passages that may contraindicate the procedure.

Equipment and Suction

  • Suction Verification: If suction is ordered, verify the suction source and connect the suction tube to the source of negative pressure, adhering to physician's orders.

Measuring the Tube

  • Tube Measurement: Measure from the tip of the Nair to the earlobe, then to the xiphoid process of the sternum. Mark the tube with tape or a marker.

Insertion

  • Lubrication: Lubricate the first four inches of the tube with water-soluble lubricant.
  • Insertion Technique:
    • Ask the patient to slightly flex their neck backward.
    • Insert the tube into the Nair, gently pulling back if gagging occurs until it ceases.
    • Have the patient tilt their forehead forward, offering water with a straw or encouraging dry swallowing to assist insertion.
    • Advance the tube as the patient swallows until the marked point reaches the Nair.
    • Be cautious of respiratory distress and pull back immediately if any signs occur.

Securing the Tube

  • Secure Tube: Do not let go of the tube until it is securely in place.

Verification and Connection

  • Placement Verification: Aspirate stomach content to test pH and verify correct placement.
  • Connection: Connect the distal end of the tube to the suction, draining bag, or adapter as per evidence-based guidelines.

Post-Procedure

  • Cleanup: Dispose of soiled supplies properly.
  • Ensure Safety: Ensure the environment is safe, returning the bed to its lowest height with brakes locked, side rails up, and call light within reach.
  • Final Hand Hygiene: Wash hands again following CDC guidelines.