foreign you a brief overview of the anatomy of the pituitary gland it's important that you guys understand the pituitary gland its location its shape Etc so as you uh probably all know that the Buddha Glenn has these are these are societal view a side view of the Petula gland with a midline midsole and it has an anterior lobe which is larger and um as you as you know produce a number of hormones and then we have a posterior lobe that is smaller is the neural hypothesis and in between there is something called the parse intermediate uh because as you probably studied in biology the anterior lobe and the poster lobe have different empirical organs and as they come together in development there is a uh there is a a cleft in between called rat's cleft where sometimes probably you've heard about The Rustic left cyst it's a type of cyst that forms in this in these uh cleft in between both lobes and then you have the pituitary stock the pituitary stock receives fibers both on the anterior and the posterior lobe we're looking at the we do the gland from the top and all these are bisexuals done here at my at my lab at Stanford and you see the anterior gland and you see significantly larger than the posterior gland and you see fibers that come from the posterior gland but also from the anterior gland here and they both form the infundibulum or the pituitary stock that connects superiorly with the hypothalamus and then you see an eye another side view of the pituitary gland the pituitary gland sits on the cellar The Cellar is this cavity uh uh of bone that is on the sphenoid this is the sphini bone seen from above and you see here this is the Lesser wing of the sphenoid anterior climate process this is the cell itself this prominence here we call the tuberculum Cella this bone behind the cell is the door from Cella which have the posterior clinic on each side so this these are the boundaries of the cellar I know the pituitary gland and you see there is a groove on each side of the cellar this group contains a very important structure of course which is the pituitary which is the chloride artery that runs in the nether called the cavernous Islands which we'll explain slowly if we start putting more structures around you see this is the pituitary gland now within the cellar the tuberculosis at the front of it the dorsum cell is at the back of it do you see how the posterior gland is sort of hidden in that dorsum Cella and this is the anterior gland here and then you see this is the groove for that array which is being cut here and we call this the paracellular region because it's adjacent to the cellar and this parasolar region is very important again it's the area of the carbon sinus we're looking again at the pituitary gland from the side and you see nicely the anterior globe and then here the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland and then superiorly the pituitary stock if we put model structures here you see again the anterior and posture lobes and the stock going on towards the third ventricle because the stock connects with the hypothalamus which is four which forms the part of the floor and the lateral walls of this third ventricle and as you all know we have the optic Chasm above the pituitary gland that's why when we have pituitary tumors we always worry about the stimulus as they grow putting pressure on the optic apparatus above on the optic Chasm above the pituitary gland um as we said the pituitary stock what you see here another dissection done in my laboratory you see the pituitary gland here the stock connects with the area of the Heap of Thalamus which is a highly complex area and you see we have the chasm in front the stock can do the third ventricle the memory behind this is an area of the midbrain of high complexity the hypothalamus is what controls as you all know the pituitary gland and you see again a nice buildup posterlobe pituitary stock connection with the with the hypothalamus and you know uh my team my fellows in the lab this this amazing dissection so the hypothalamic region I had an interest in studying this because I do a lot of operations in this area especially for a type of teamwork called craniopharyngeoma it's a tumor that comes not from the pituitary gland graph on the pituitary stock and the connection of the stock with the hypothalamus is a highly complex tumor that we also operate through an international approach and it's important for us to understand the anatomy of this area of the hypothalamus we can rapidly Define the hypothalamus in in three areas anterior posterior and intermediate or what we call also supraoptic area what we call tubular infundibular area that are connects with it with the infinibulum and the posterior area or the mammillary area where the mammary bodies are located and these anterior tubular posterior regions of the hypothalamus they all have multiple nuclei and different functions uh you know anterior hypothalamus as you see here mostly controls you know oxytocin and muscle present release which connect with the uh postural gland today and then we have the posterior hypothal hypothalamus that control uh you know many other functions that are you know basic for a normal uh body homeostasis and and regulation that's why injury to hypothalamus can have you know very severe consequences in in the brain function and body functioning hey everyone Ryan rad here from neurosurgerytraining.org if you like that video subscribe and donate to keep our content available for medical students across the world