Expressing Obligation in English

Introduction

• Greeting: Salam and good morning
• Hope: Hope everyone is well
• Topic: Expressing obligation

Definition of Obligation

• Bahasa Meaning: Kewajiban atau keharusan
• Usage: Expresses rules, tasks, or gentle advice in communication
• Form: Uses modal verbs like "should" and "shouldn't"

Modal Verbs

• Definition: Verbs that assist main verbs
• Examples: Shall, should, must, can, may

Patterns for Expressing Obligation

1. Should + Present Infinitive

• Use: Obligations in present or future
• Example:
  • You should pay more attention to the teacher (Current obligation)
  • You shouldn’t smoke so much (Health advice)

2. Should + Continuous Infinitive

• Use: Indicating an unfulfilled obligation in the present
• Example:
  • You should be wearing your seat belt (Current action not done yet)

3. Should + Perfect Infinitive

• Use: Obligations expected but not done in the past
• Example:
  • You should have called Fred this morning (Expectation in the past)

Homework

• Task: Choose between picture A (school) or picture B (hospital)
• Details: Write three sentences on what should and shouldn’t be done based on the picture

Conclusion

• Questions: Ask via WhatsApp group
• Reminder: Complete daily tasks
• Farewell: See you next week, have a nice day!