Notes on "A Tale of Two Cities" by Charles Dickens

Book 1, Chapter 1: The Period

Introduction

• Famous opening line: "It was the best of times, it was the worst of times."
• Contrasting descriptions of the period:
  • Wisdom vs. Foolishness
  • Belief vs. Incredulity
  • Light vs. Darkness
  • Hope vs. Despair
• These dualities highlight the extremes and contradictions of the era.

Historical Context

• The narrative is set in the year 1775.
• Describes the conditions in England and France:
  • England has a king with a large jaw and a queen with a plain face.
  • France has a king with a large jaw and a queen with a fair face.
• Both nations face significant issues but appear settled in their ways.

Spiritual and Political Climate

• Spiritual revelations in England; mention of Mrs. Southcote's prophecies.
• Reference to the Cock Lane Ghost, indicative of the era’s superstitions.
• British subjects in America had significant developments, impacting human history.

Situation in France

• France is depicted as engaging in savage judicial practices.
• The execution of a youth for not honoring a religious procession.
• Symbolism of fate as a woodman and farmer preparing for the French Revolution.

Social and Legal Conditions in England

• Prevalence of crime and disorder:
  • Frequent robberies and burglaries.
  • Public advisories against leaving town without securing property.
  • Highwaymen operating with impunity.
• Law enforcement and justice:
  • Violent prisoner revolts.
  • Brutal executions and punishments.
• The instability and violence indicate a lack of control and respect for law and order.

Conclusion

• The chapter sets up the chaotic and tumultuous atmosphere of 1775.
• It highlights the contrasts and foreshadows the significant changes on the horizon for both England and France.
• The "woodman" and "farmer" metaphorically work silently towards the upheavals to come, unnoticed by those in power.