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Basic Chemistry Concepts

Sep 12, 2025

Overview

This lecture introduces the importance of chemistry as a foundational science and covers basic concepts including definitions of chemistry, matter, and the states and transitions of matter.

Importance of Studying Chemistry

  • Chemistry is essential for all science majors such as biology, engineering, and medicine.
  • Advancements in technology often result from developments in chemistry research.
  • Chemistry builds problem-solving skills crucial for both academic and real-life applications.

What is Chemistry?

  • Chemistry is defined as the study of the properties and behavior of matter.
  • Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space.

States of Matter

  • Three states of matter: solid, liquid, and gas.
    • Solid: definite shape and definite volume.
    • Liquid: indefinite shape and definite volume.
    • Gas: indefinite shape and indefinite volume.

Changes of State (Phase Transitions)

  • Solid to liquid: melting.
  • Liquid to solid: freezing.
  • Liquid to gas: evaporation.
  • Gas to liquid: condensation.
  • Solid to gas: sublimation.
  • Gas to solid: deposition.
  • Chemists study and manipulate these state changes and their properties.

Key Terms & Definitions

  • Chemistry — the study of the properties and behavior of matter.
  • Matter — anything that has mass and takes up space.
  • Solid — state of matter with definite shape and volume.
  • Liquid — state of matter with indefinite shape but definite volume.
  • Gas — state of matter with both indefinite shape and volume.
  • Melting — transition from solid to liquid.
  • Freezing — transition from liquid to solid.
  • Evaporation — transition from liquid to gas.
  • Condensation — transition from gas to liquid.
  • Sublimation — transition from solid to gas.
  • Deposition — transition from gas to solid.

Action Items / Next Steps

  • Review properties and examples of each state of matter.
  • Prepare for discussion on the various properties of matter in the next class.