my dear learners hello what a pleasure to meet you for a new French lesson in this one I will explain to you the different types of hypotheses and it will also be an opportunity to revise certain conjugation tenses such as the imperfect the present conditional more than perfect and many others I know that many of my students have difficulty with this grammar point so I hope to be able to clarify your doubts thanks to this ultra important lesson without further delay let's start our lesson straight away it's gone so we can classify the hypotheses into three groups pray group 6 plus present second group 6 + imperfect and 3rd group 6 plus more than perfect there are several possible combinations for each group but in this lesson I will give you the most used combinations those which will be really useful to you in your daily life but also if you take an exam let's start right away with the first group and in this group there are three possible combinations if more present is present if more present imperative and if more present future these three combinations will express something different let's focus on the first combination which is if more present present which expresses a general truth for example if we do not water the plants they die if we do not water the plants they die therefore the first verb to water which means to give a drink to put water in the pot of the plant is in the present tense if we do not water the plants they die the second verb is also in the present tense it is the verb to die if we do not don't water the plants for me it's a general truth second example which is a bit cliché but which is true if the French don't know what to cook he eats bread and cheese so here we see clearly present present if the French don't know the verb know in the present tense not what to cook he eats the verb eat in the present tense bread and cheese that's a truth you can ask the French people you know I'm sure that at Mo once in their life they ate for dinner for example bread and cheese and they perhaps accompany this delicious meal with a glass of wine another example if we don't get enough sleep we're tired if we don't get enough sleep we're tired sleep sleeps present be is present agree general truth it is a scientific fact if we do not sleep not enough we are tired then second possible combination with 6 plus present therefore 6 plus present and imperative that is to give advice to give a recommendation just before to give you my examples I would like to remind you a little how the imperative works so the imperative is only conjugated with the pronouns you we and you for example come come come so it's like the present tense of the indicative except that we are not going to put the pronouns be careful there is just a small difficulty it is with the verbs of the second of the first group sorry so normally we always say that with the you we must put an S moreover to the school we learn that the you is in love with the S our teachers repeated this to us throughout our childhood in order to remember that the the the you was always accompanied by the S so normally if I say you listen there is an S however in the imperative with you for the verbs of the first group we are going to remove the S and we are going to write listen without s here is the little parenthesis concerning the imperative let's look straight away at our examples first example if you want to lose weight do a dietary rebalancing so if you want present do imperative second example if you wish to register fill out the form if you wish present fill imperative of the verb fill which is a verb of the second group we notice it with the ending is as in finish finally choose last possible combination for the group if + present it will be if plus present plus simple future we use this combination to make a hypothesis about the future so I remind you of the construction of the simple future it is quite simple as its name indicates in the majority of cases you must take the infinitive for example the verb finish and you will add the following endings which are and a so we write as we pronounce a a on and we agree and aa on and on and so as usual there are irregular verbs in particular they are irregular at the root level I am thinking of the verb to be the verb to be will become ser I will be you will be so I say that they are irregular only at the root level since the endings will remain the same the same thing to have I will have you will have he will have do I will do you will do he will let know I will know you will know attention know and be are very close in terms of pronunciation we have I will be and I will therefore know for example if the weather is nice tomorrow we will go to the swimming pool if the weather is nice tomorrow present we will go to the swimming pool future simple so it is a hypothesis about the future another example if I have time this evening I will come see you if I have time this evening so present I will come see you simple future of the past verb okay so here it is a hypothesis about the future and it is something which is probable which is possible unlike the other hypotheses which we are going to see which are hypotheses which are impossible which are improbable sorry for example for the second group if more imperfect more conditional present here this is what we call unreal hypotheses about the present this type of hypothesis is extremely used to imagine something which will not happen in the present therefore we use the imperfect first if more imperfect however be careful here the imperfect does not have a descriptive value in the past or usually in the past agree we use the imperfect but it is only the formula which is like that so I remind you that to form the imperfect for the verbs of the first group you must remove the ending for example chant you will remove er and you will add the following endings and and and therefore same pronunciation but it is written as different way yon ye and okay so just remember that we and you are pronounced differently yon y but otherwise for all the other pronouns it's the same pronunciation it's just the way of writing that will change okay and and and yon ye and so for example chanz I sang you sang he sang we sang you sang he sang and for the verbs of the 2nd and 3rd group it is necessary to conjugate the verbs in the present tense with us in order to have the root for example choose in the present tense this gives choose we choose we will remove the ending of nous and we will add the endings of the imperfect I chose you chose he chose and so on the same thing for the verbs of the third group for example take in the present tense with us it's us first name I'm going to remove the ending ons and I have the root Prun and I'm going to add the endings of the imperfect I took you took and so on so that uh it's important to know the imperfect to make unreal hypotheses about the present so if more imperfect and then conditional present earlier we saw the conditional the future simple and well the future simple and the conditional present and the imperfect are cousins uh because it is a fusion between the three tenses so it's a fusion because at the root level the present conditional works in the same way as the simple future, that is to say that normally we will take the infinitive if I take a verb from the first group for example walk I'm going to take this root there to form the present conditional but I'm going to take this time the endings of the imperfect so it will be I will walk you would walk he would walk we would walk you would walk he would walk agree not to confuse with the simple future which is I will walk you will walk he will walk we will walk you will walk they will walk for example if I had to change profession I would become a school teacher if I had to it is the verb to have to in the imperfect tense I would become a school teacher so here if we imagine if I had to I must not change but we imagine we imagine if I had to change but for the moment it's unreal it's not happening in the present okay so the result would be that I will become a school teacher I reassure you I will stay here on Youtube to continue teaching you French another example if I won 7592000 €729 it's really very precise if I won that amount I would do the tour of the world so unfortunately it's a hypothesis which is unreal in the present it's not happening why I don't know but in any case it's not happening but if it happened I would go around the world I would spoil my family I 'will buy a house last example for if more imperfect more conditional present if I were Moroccan my name would be Nora if I was Moroccan I would be called Nora so I'm not Moroccan and that's not okay I'm not going to become Moroccan in the present but I imagine okay so if I was Moroccan if plus imp perfect I would call myself conditional present Nora and we arrive at the last group if plus more than perfect plus conditional past that's for an unreal hypothesis on the past okay so it's like earlier the unreal hypothesis about the present except that here it's about the past so instead of using the imperfect we use the pluperfect so I remind you quickly that the pluperfect tense is a compound tense which is composed of the auxiliary être or avoir this time which is conjugated to the imperfect and not to the Pr because if it were conjugated to the present it would be in the past compound so there it is auxiliary to be or to have in the imperfect plus past participle agree and therefore these are the same rules as in the past tense and then we have the past conditional so it is the same thing it is a tense compound and which is composed of an auxiliary to be or to have conjugated in the present conditional plus past participle for example if I could have I would have learned a foreign language rather if I had been able here so it is more than perfect for the verb to be able if I could so this is a hypothesis which is unreal in the past I was not able to in the past but I imagine that if I could go back to the past if I could and well the result it's that I would have learned a foreign language sooner but it's unreal it's improbable it can't happen okay so there I would have learned it's the past conditional for the verb to learn another example if I had listened to you I would not have missed my train if I had listened to you I would not have missed or I would not have missed my train so if I had listened to you it is the most perfect of listen so we understand that in the past this person did not listen perhaps to her mother, her aunt, her friend and therefore she did not listen to the advice and unfortunately she missed her train okay so she tells him if I had listened I wouldn't have missed or I wouldn't have missed it's the same thing my train so here it's the past conditional so I hope that's okay let's review the three types of hypotheses most used if more present plus future for example if you study more you will get a good grade so this is a hypothesis about the future and which is possible the condition is that this person studies more agree but it is still possible second hypothesis finally second combination if more imperfect more conditional present if you studied more you would get a good grade here this is something for now that is not achievable in the present okay if you studied more you would get a good grade and in the past tense if you had studied more you would have obtained a better grade or a good grade you would have obtained a good grade there we understand that it is on the it is an unreal hypothesis about the past and that it is impossible for this to happen 'okay can you hear the difference between these three sentences I hope so and if you have any doubts don't hesitate to ask your questions in the comments let's end with a little first sentence exercise if my cousins were there ate together you have to conjugate the verb eat in the right tense so look if my cousins were there ask yourself the question which is the conjugation tense very well so here it is the imperfect tense so we are going to conjugate the verb eat in bravo in the present conditional if my cousins were there we would eat it is a regular verb we would eat together but here it is a hypothesis which is unreal it doesn't happen okay we imagine second sentence she will call me if there if there sorry she will call me if there is a problem she will call me if there is a problem it is the verb to have therefore you see with this sentence we don't have to start the hypothesis with if eh it's interchangeable okay so she will call me what tense is it in the simple future very good so she will call me if there is very good if there is a problem present the verb to have in the present tense she will call me if there is a problem third and last sentence if she had wanted her major studies the verb to do if she had wanted she therefore she had wanted it is more than perfect to want her yes we are going to conjugate in the past conditional she would have studied well if she had wanted she would have studied well here are my dear learners our grammar lesson is over well done to you for having watched it until the end and I hope it is much clearer for you if you wish to continue your learning of French I leave you with a lesson right here and don't forget to subscribe to my channel we'll see you soon, take care of yourself hello