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Power BI vs Excel Comparison

Jul 14, 2025

Overview

This lecture compares Power BI and Excel for building dashboards, outlining their features, strengths, weaknesses, and suggestions for choosing the most suitable tool.

Learning Curve & Skills Needed

  • Power BI has a steep learning curve, requiring knowledge of Power Query, Power Pivot, DAX, new charts, sharing, and data refresh.
  • Excel is easier if you know formulas, pivot tables, and charts, but power users can use Power Query and Power Pivot within Excel too.

Charting & Visualization

  • Power BI offers many chart types (visuals), built-in mapping visuals, and supports custom visuals.
  • Excel has a wide range of standard charts but limited mapping visuals and no custom chart creation, though workarounds exist.

Interactivity & Customization

  • Power BI provides advanced slicer formatting, drill-down, cross-filtering, and drill-through features for interactive dashboards.
  • Excel's slicers are less flexible; interactivity and drill features are limited compared to Power BI.

Analytics & Data Analysis

  • Power BI includes specialized visuals: matrix tables, decomposition tree, insights, and key influencers.
  • Excel offers more advanced pivot tables, custom DAX measures, flexible formulas, and is better for complex modeling and ad hoc analysis.
  • Both tools now feature AI-powered analysis and natural language querying.

Sharing, Security & Collaboration

  • Power BI allows secure sharing, role-based access control, device access, and data-based user filtering.
  • Excel sharing is mostly through files or web embedding, with weaker data security and less control over access.

Data Handling & Refresh

  • Both tools use Power Query for data transformation and can manage millions of rows with Power Pivot.
  • Power BI supports real-time data, direct queries (no import), and scheduled refreshes.
  • Excel has limited refresh automation unless using VBA or Power Pivot-based tables.

Installation, Access & Cost

  • Power BI requires a work email for account creation, IT setup, and has a subscription cost ($10/user/month).
  • Excel is widely available, needs no extra installs, and typically has no additional costs.

Key Terms & Definitions

  • Power Query — tool for automating data cleaning and transformation.
  • Power Pivot — data modeling tool for handling large datasets and writing advanced measures.
  • DAX — formula language used in both Power BI and Excel Power Pivot for calculations.
  • Visuals — chart types in Power BI.
  • Slicer — interactive filter elements in dashboards for segmenting data.

Action Items / Next Steps

  • Review your dashboard needs and choose Excel or Power BI based on interactivity, sharing, and data security requirements.
  • Practice using Power Query and Power Pivot in both tools for advanced dashboard capabilities.
  • Explore the analytics features discussed to determine which tool best fits your analysis style.