Overview
This lecture provides a comprehensive list of common polyatomic ions and some important transition metal ions with their names, formulas, and charges.
Common Polyatomic Ions
- Ammonium: NH₄⁺
- Acetate: CH₃COO⁻ or C₂H₃O₂⁻
- Bromate: BrO₃⁻
- Carbonate: CO₃²⁻
- Chlorate: ClO₃⁻
- Chlorite: ClO₂⁻
- Chromate: CrO₄²⁻
- Cyanide: CN⁻
- Dichromate: Cr₂O₇²⁻
- Hydrogen carbonate (bicarbonate): HCO₃⁻
- Hydrogen sulfate (bisulfate): HSO₄⁻
- Hydrogen phosphate (biphosphate): HPO₄²⁻
- Hydroxide: OH⁻
- Hypochlorite: ClO⁻
- Iodate: IO₃⁻
- Nitrate: NO₃⁻
- Nitrite: NO₂⁻
- Oxalate: C₂O₄²⁻
- Perchlorate: ClO₄⁻
- Periodate: IO₄⁻
- Permanganate: MnO₄⁻
- Peroxide: O₂²⁻
- Phosphate: PO₄³⁻
- Phosphite: PO₃³⁻
- Silicate: SiO₄⁴⁻
- Sulfate: SO₄²⁻
- Sulfite: SO₃²⁻
- Thiocyanate: SCN⁻
- Thiosulfate: S₂O₃²⁻
Common Transition Metal Ions
- Copper(I) (cuprous): Cu⁺
- Copper(II) (cupric): Cu²⁺
- Iron(II) (ferrous): Fe²⁺
- Iron(III) (ferric): Fe³⁺
- Lead(II) (plumbous): Pb²⁺
- Lead(IV) (plumbic): Pb⁴⁺
- Mercury(I) (mercurous): Hg₂²⁺
- Mercury(II) (mercuric): Hg²⁺
- Tin(II) (stannous): Sn²⁺
- Tin(IV) (stannic): Sn⁴⁺
Key Terms & Definitions
- Polyatomic ion — a charged particle composed of two or more covalently bonded atoms.
- Transition metal ion — a positively charged ion formed from transition metals, often with multiple possible charges.
Action Items / Next Steps
- Memorize the names, formulas, and charges of common polyatomic and transition metal ions for quizzes and exams.