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What is the incubation period for Hepatitis B (HBV)?
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45-180 days
What is the recommended treatment timeframe for influenza antivirals for efficacy?
Within 48 hours of symptom onset.
Why are standard precautions essential for healthcare workers?
Standard precautions assume all patients are potential carriers of infection, thus reducing the risk of transmission for both healthcare workers and patients.
What are the primary symptoms associated with chronic HCV infection?
Liver issues such as cirrhosis and carcinoma.
Why is vaccination important in the prevention of HBV?
Vaccination is crucial because it provides immunity against HBV, reducing the risk of infection.
What are the primary bloodborne pathogens discussed in this module?
Hepatitis B (HBV), Hepatitis C (HCV), and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)
What are the universal precautions to prevent bacterial and viral infections?
Hand hygiene, use of personal protective equipment (PPE), and adherence to standard precautions.
Describe the regulatory bodies' roles in managing bloodborne pathogens.
OSHA sets standards for safety and health administration exposure to bloodborne pathogens, while the CDC provides guidelines for infected healthcare workers.
List the common symptoms of COVID-19.
Cough, shortness of breath, fever, muscle pain, and loss of taste/smell.
What are the common symptoms of Mononucleosis?
Fever, sore throat, swollen lymph nodes, and fatigue.
What actions should be taken post-exposure to HIV?
Seek counseling, perform baseline and follow-up testing, start antivirals, and immediately wash the contaminated area.
Explain the transmission routes for HIV in a healthcare setting.
HIV can be transmitted through percutaneous injury or mucous exposure to infected blood and bodily fluids.
Describe the primary prevention methods for VZV.
Vaccination and maintaining proper sanitation.
Name the post-exposure measures for someone potentially exposed to HBV.
HBsAg testing, prophylactic treatment if needed, and adherence to OSHA precautions.
What types of diseases are caused by Varicella Zoster Virus (VZV)?
Chickenpox and Shingles.
Who are at higher risk for severe RSV infections?
Infants, elderly, and immunocompromised individuals.
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