Foundational Principles in Education History

Sep 17, 2024

Notes on Foundational Principles and Concepts in Education

Lecture Overview

  • Course: Ed 112: The Teaching Profession
  • Unit 2: Foundational Principles and Concepts in Education
  • Focus: Historical and Legal Foundations of Education
  • Learning Outcome: Trace and explain the evolution of the Philippine educational system in historical and legal contexts.

Evolution of Education

Primitive Education

  • Informal and unstructured
  • Transmitted via word of mouth, songs, ceremonies
  • Focused on survival skills

Egyptian Education

  • Autocratic rule by Pharaoh
  • Contributions to education: Geometrical measurement and surveying

Greek Education

Spartan Education

  • Military-based, totalitarian
  • Focus on defense and loyalty

Athenian Education

  • Cultural hub, birthplace of Western civilization
  • Contributions: Literature, drama, history, philosophy
  • Later Athenian education introduced the Socratic method and Euclidean geometry

Roman Education

  • Focus on utility and societal roles
  • Contribution: Professional labor and linguistic facilities

Historical Foundations of Philippine Education

Pre-Spanish Period

  • Informal education by parents
  • Focused on vocational skills
  • Use of Baybayin writing system

Spanish Period

  • Formal education with a focus on Catholic doctrines
  • Establishment of schools: primary to tertiary
  • Education Decree of 1863: Free primary schools

American Period

  • Highly centralized public school system
  • Introduction of English and formal curriculum
  • Establishment of University of the Philippines

Japanese Period

  • Emphasis on Filipino culture and morality
  • Promotion of vocational education

Present Education System

  • Patterned after Spain and the USA
  • K-12 education system
  • Governed by the Department of Education

Legal Foundations of Philippine Education

Philippine Constitution

  • 1935, 1973, and 1987 Constitutions emphasize quality education

Key Laws and Acts

  • Education Act of 1982: Structure and administration
  • Republic Act No. 74: Establishment of public instruction
  • Private School Law (RA 2706): Inspection and recognition of private schools
  • Commonwealth Act No. 1 and 80: Military training and adult education
  • Republic Act No. 6655: Free Public Secondary Education Act of 1988

Influence of Historical Educational Systems

  • Primitive and Oriental education influenced vocational and values education
  • Greek education influenced individual and cultural development
  • Roman education introduced utilitarian principles
  • Christian education emphasized humanitarianism and moral values
  • Various educational philosophies (e.g., Scholasticism, Chivalric, Reformation) affected teaching methods and societal roles

For further study, refer to resources such as fls.ctu.edu.ph and educational videos on YouTube.