Transcript for:
Overview of Bladder Scanners and Catheters

Hi, I'm Meris. And in this video, we're going to  be talking about bladder scanners and different   types of urinary catheters and important  considerations for them. I'm going to be   following along using our Fundamentals of Nursing  flashcards. These are available on our website,   leveluprn.com. But if you already have your  own, I'd invite you to follow along with me. I'm   starting on card number 120. Let's get started. So  before we start, I wanted to tell you that if you   stay until the end, I'm going to tell you a really  important piece of advice that my fundamental   skills professor taught me when I was in  nursing school that I want to pass along to you.   So let's go ahead and talk about bladder scanners.  As you can see here on this card, we do have a   step-by-step list of how to use a bladder scanner.  I'll let you look at that in your own time. But   the most important thing that I want to get across  to you is, why do we use a bladder scanner? So the   bladder scanner uses ultrasonography to assess  how much fluid, how much urine, is in a patient's   bladder. So this can help us diagnose things  like urinary retention or if they're having a   large post-void residual. The big, bold, red  stuff here on this card is telling you about   the placement of the transducer. You want to  make sure that it is above the pubic symphysis   because we're not trying to scan bone, so about  one inch above that and point it down towards the   bladder. Another thing I want to point out is to  make sure that you use the button on the machine   to select whether or not your patient has a uterus  because this changes how the machine calculates or   what it looks for. So be sure to think about  that when you're using a bladder scanner.  All right. So now, let's talk about  different types of urinary catheters.   Here on card 121 we talk about the difference  between an indwelling catheter and a straight or   intermittent catheter. So indwelling is what the  name suggests. It stays in. That's where it dwells   for a while. So you might hear this called a  Foley catheter sometimes, but Foley is actually   a brand name. So indwelling catheters is what you  should be calling it in nursing school. So this is   really helpful for patients who have things like  the need for really strict intake and output,   things like cardiac problems, heart failure, a  patient who's comatose, all of those different   indications. But what's your biggest concern  when you think about a patient with an indwelling   catheter? What's your biggest concern? Pause the  video and think about it. I hope you paused it.   If you did, it should be a catheter-associated  UTI. The longer an external device is inside   your patient, the more likely they are to get  an infection. You're creating a bridge from the   outside to the inside, so this puts your patient  at risk for a CAUTI, catheter-associated UTI.  Now, a straight or intermittent catheter, again,  what it sounds like. It goes straight in and back   out, so it doesn't stay in there. This is much  skinnier, much shorter duration of use. And   usually, this is used to get a sterile specimen  or to treat a patient's urinary retention with   the hopes that they're going to be able to void  after the urgent acute retention is relieved. Now,   if you look on card 122, we talk about two other  types of catheters. I'm not going to go super   in-depth into these. I'll let you look into  them in your own time, but this is suprapubic,   so meaning above the pubic bone. Supra is above  and external, meaning not inside your patient.   So suprapubic catheters are going to be placed  surgically. They go through the skin, so a big,   big risk for infection. External catheter's really  great at decreasing the risk of infection. But   now if I have my skin possibly sitting in moisture  for a prolonged period of time, what am I at risk   for? Pause the video and think about it. I'm at  risk for skin breakdown especially with what we   call a condom catheter. There are also external  devices such as wicking devices for a patient   who does not have a penis. So these actually  are connected to suction, and they actively   remove the urine as it is expelled from the body. All right. This card 123 is one that I would say   really, really focus and spend your time on.  This has to do with the care of an indwelling   urinary catheter. So a lot of important stuff to  know, such as when we put it in, we use sterile   technique, not clean technique, sterile. The bag  should always hang below the level of the bladder,   and we want it to be on the bed frame. We want to  check for any kinks in the tubing. And we always   want to make sure that we don't have any dependent  loops. Dependent means affected by gravity,   so any loops where we can't get the urine to go  into the bag. Because basically, if I have a loop,   the urine from the patient is going to have to  have enough force to go around the loop to get   into the bag. We don't want that because now we're  at risk for urine backflowing into our patient   and, again, infection. Other things to know  is that we need to remove these catheters as   soon as appropriate. So as the nurse, your  job is to be your patient's best advocate.   You need to advocate to remove an indwelling  catheter as soon as it is appropriate to decrease   your patient's risk for infection. Be sure to  look over the other important points on that card,   but those are definitely the highlights. All right. So that is it for our review of bladder   scanners and urinary catheters. I hope it was  helpful. If it was, please, go ahead and like the   video. And I would love to hear any advice or tips  or ways to remember things that you might have.   If you want to leave me a comment, I would love  to read them. Be sure to subscribe to our channel.   You want to be the first to know when our  new videos come out. Next up, we're going   to be talking about constipation, diarrhea, and  ostomies. Thanks so much, and see you next time.  Okay. So when I was in fundamental  skills, my professor told me   that you don't have to empty the Foley drainage  bag before removing it. You can remove the Foley   first and then empty the drainage bag. But she  told me that it's her experience and her best   advice that you should always drain the bag first  before removing the catheter. Because one time,   she removed the catheter then went to empty the  bag, and the catheter flopped down and hit her   in the face. So immediately, that was seared into  my memory for the rest of my life. I will never   remove a Foley without emptying the bag first, so  that way, you empty it. You can measure it. And   then you remove the Foley and put it immediately  in the disposal. You don't want to be touching   that anymore. You don't want it resting on the  bed. So maybe that helps you. But if you have   any other really good advice, I want to hear it. I invite you to subscribe to our channel and share   a link with your classmates and friends in nursing  school. If you found value in this video, be sure   and hit the like button, and leave a comment and  let us know what you found particularly helpful.