well hello my name is jennifer bieber gal i am the associate dean in the center for teaching and learning here at florida atlantic university so you have made it we are on the third and final workshop in our civic literacy exam preparation series so today is a little bit different than the other workshops in that you already know the content and now we're going to practice and test you on it so the first part of this workshop when taken in person is to take a practice test so we're going to go through a little bit of information and then i will give you time where you will then pause the video while you take the practice test and then we will go over the responses and help you feel confident in the material so again here's the agenda we will have you take the individual practice test and answer some discussion questions we'll discuss the results of the practice test and questions and then i will refer you to some quizlets and kahoot and other ways that you can practice to be best prepared so just as a reminder the state of florida passed a civic literacy requirement for all students who are planning to graduate with either an associate's or a bachelor's degree from any florida state college or university so this is required of you even if you weren't at fau at any of the public universities and colleges in the state of florida it is a graduation requirement so you just need to complete it prior to graduation and it's a check mark they do not give you a grade in it if you take the civic literacy test so there are several ways that this requirement can be met as we have discussed in previous workshops there are courses that you can take and if you have taken or plan to take the pos 2041 government of the us or the amh 2020 u.s history since 1877 courses then that would satisfy the requirement however you need to be careful when and where you took that course to make sure it is satisfied however it will be satisfied from any institution that you take that class at um after fall 2018 in the state of florida you can also pass certain exams so if in high school you took the ap us history or the ap government and scored the appropriate score that would meet it and there is a college level exam for proficiency otherwise known as clep cost about a hundred dollars to take the clep test and unlike the civic literacy test if you pass that test you do get college credit for that so oh cool we can zoom in so just a little bit of information about the civic literacy test a reminder it is 100 multiple choice questions so even if you're not certain of an answer hopefully you can narrow it down and take your best educated guess it is free to take on campus at florida atlantic university through our testing and evaluation office it's offered typically monday through friday at either 9 or 10 a.m 12 p.m and 2 p.m they do give you two hours to take the test 120 minutes however most students tend to complete it in far less than the two hours allocated and you are able to leave as soon as you complete the test once you submit the test you will get your results immediately with 100 questions you only need to get 60 of them correct to get that 60 and the score does not show up on your transcripts or anything so passing with a 60 is just as as wonderful as passing with a 95. the end of the workshop i will go over some information about how to sign up for the test but what i'm going to have you do now is pause the video and download the practice test there are 48 questions currently on that practice test and give them your best guess and when we come back we'll go over those questions there is also a second at the end of those questions a second part which are open-ended questions i labeled them discussion items while the test does not have any fill in the blank or open-ended questions this is an opportunity for you to make sure you truly understand the content and we will see how you did so go ahead and pause the video right now and take the practice test answer the discussion questions and then come back good luck [Applause] all right so welcome back so we are going to go over the practice questions the first question that was asked is the u.s constitution does all of the following accept so the correct answer to that is b the constitution does not define what states can do we know what states can do based on what is not in the constitution so the constitution outlines what the federal government can do it sets up the structure of government and then it protects basic rights of americans through the amendments in the bill of rights but it does not outline what states can do so that was how our government was set up that the only rights for the federal government are those that are specifically outlined in the constitution or those that are necessary and proper for the federal government to do their business all other rights belong to the states question two the first amendment gives the following rights except and the correct answer to that is d it does not give the right to vote the first amendment deals with all areas of freedom of speech and freedom of um how you present yourself so you're presenting yourself through your religion so we remember the free exercise clause which says that you can exercise you have the right to exercise and practice any religion that you choose or no religion at all the first amendment also allows for the right for assembly and the right to petition the government along with other things like the right rights for speech both symbolic speech spoken speech written speech it does not give the right to vote we'll talk later about all of the amendments that deal with the rights dealing with voting how many amendments are there currently to the u.s constitution the correct answer is c 27. question four freedoms not outlined in the u.s constitution were outlined in the correct response is b the bill of rights so the bill of rights were the first ten amendments to the constitution when the constitution was written the founding fathers realized that it was really setting up more the structure of government and what government can do and it did not do enough to protect the rights of the citizens and those living in the united states so the bill of rights was added in 1791 four years after the constitution was written question five which of the following are rights in the declaration of independence the correct answer is b the declaration of independence gives the rights for life liberty and the pursuit of happiness question six the idea of self-government is in the first three words of the constitution what are these words the first three words of the constitution are we the people and that goes back to the concept of self-government that the people in the colonies which became the united states are given their permission for this government and the structure of government that's an important concept question seven what is the economic system in the united states the correct answer is b we are a capitalist economy here in the u.s question eight the rule of law states and the correct answer to that is a no one is above the law hopefully we remember that because of the u.s versus nixon case where it was demonstrated by the supreme court that even the president of the united states has to abide by the laws question nine the proper order of succession if the president is no longer able to serve is c the vice president then the speaker of the house currently the vice president of the united states is mike pence and followed by the speaker of the house which would be nancy pelosi question 10 who makes federal laws the correct answer is the legislative branch so remember congress creates the legislative branch makes the laws and then the executive branch enforces those laws question 11 we elect elect a u.s senator for how many years the correct answer is c six years we collect we elect a senator for six years um two years is how long we elect a house of representatives and remember we discussed in the workshops that the reasoning behind that is that the members of the house of representatives are closer to the representation directly of their constituents so remember in the state of florida we only have two senators and those senators are supposed to represent the whole of the state however because there are only two and our state is very divided in terms of democrat and republican in certain years both senators may be from a certain party that half of the residents don't necessarily agree with so currently our two senators for florida are both republican but about 50 of florida is democratic so this is going to um certainly show that the senators may not always be representing the whole of the needs and interests of our state however in the um congress in the house of representatives the representatives are a lot more local in fact in palm beach county which is more heavily democrat the majority of the representatives currently are democrat so they are more likely going to represent our folks here locally and the reason that they are only elected for two years is they know they really have to be focused on the needs and the issues of their local communities because those folks are going to be hopefully re-electing them again in two years but the senators are for six years because there's a lot of work to be done and a lot of things to be learned and it takes time for them to make a difference and remember for president it is a four-year term and there is a maximum of two terms moving on to question 12 there are how many voting members in the u.s house of representatives the correct answer is c 435 question 13 who is the commander-in-chief of the military the correct answer is a the president of the united states however as part of the checks and balances the pres the commander in chief or the president is not able to declare war so they are not able to use that military fully without a checks and balance in place question 14 who is the current chief justice of the u.s supreme court the correct answer is a john roberts jr question 15 which of the following is not a power of the states the correct answer is d to print money so the state's powers there are about six powers that we discussed in our workshops they provide all of the local type things such as education safety and security so police fire also licensures so they can determine things like driver's license requirements and that's why in florida 16 year olds can get a driver's license however it has in the state of new york you have to be 17. same with marriage licenses there are different requirements by state um and approving zoning and land use is the final thing we talked about as a state power printing money is a federal power we would not want to have currency different across each of the 50 states question 16. all of the following are powers of the federal government except b to approve zoning and land use as we just discussed it is up to the individual states to determine how land within their state will be used what will be zoned as commercial land residential land agricultural land and so on question 17 each of the following amendments to the u.s constitution would deal with who can vote except the correct answer to that is a the 13th amendment remember the 13th amendment abolished slavery and while it did lead to the 15th amendment which gave the right to vote for black and african american citizens it did not directly address who can vote so the 15th amendment addressed voting by race the 19th amendment allowed women the right to vote and the 26th amendment lowered the voting age to 18. question 18 the principle of american government that establishes concurrent state and national governments is known as sea federalism so remember in our original constitution known as the articles of confederation there was a very weak federal government and it just didn't work so there were a lot of folks who the anti-federalists who did not want a new constitution that had a strong federal government they were afraid we would get into too strong of a national ruling like they had in europe so the federal the concept of federalism shows that balance where there are uh powers that are shared and powers that some powers that belong to the federal and some to the state government question 19 the 15th i'm sorry the fifth amendment protects citizens from all of the following except the correct answer is b being tried for capital crime if someone is accused of committing a capital crime they certainly can be tried for that the fifth amendment does protect against the other three uh choices offered so the fifth amendment protects citizens and folks in the united states from being tried twice from the same crime which is known as double jeopardy it also protects them from self-incrimination where they do not have to serve as a witness against themselves remember that's why we said people will say they are pleading the fifth that means that they are using the fifth amendment right to not have to serve as a witness against themselves or incriminate themselves and finally the fifth amendment does provide for due process of the law to make sure there is fairness and equity for everyone question 20 which of the following are rights for anyone living in the u.s regardless of citizenship the correct answer is d to petition the government so you must be a u.s citizen to vote in a federal election you must be a u.s citizen to serve on a federal jury or to run for federal office however the first amendment does give the right to petition the government and if we remember the amendments are for all people in the united states regardless of citizenship question 21 what steps are taken to ratify an amendment remember we talked about this there are only 27 amendment amendments to our constitution in over 230 years so it is not easy to get an amendment and it should not be easy because we are changing the supreme law of the land so it is a challenge the correct answer is a it must be proposed by two-thirds of both houses of congress or by two-thirds of the states for a special election and then ratified by three-fourths of the states question 22 all of the following are ways americans can participate in their democracy except the correct answer is d volunteer to help the needy in your community you still should volunteer to help the needy in your community it is a good thing to do however it is not necessarily participating in democracy you participate in democracy by having your political voice heard so joining a political party voting giving an elected official opinion on on an issue through email or lobbying or writing an article in the public newspaper or running for office yourself question 23 the colonists fought the british for all of the following reasons except the correct answer was land ownership disputes the colonists did fight the british and declare independence because of taxation without representation quartering of soldiers in their homes and because they wanted self-government they did not want a government that was thousands of miles away that they weren't represented in question 24 all of the following were original colonies except the correct answer is d vermont remember there was only one colony that began with the letter v and that was virginia question 25 the federalist papers were written by the following authors except the correct answer is a thomas jefferson thomas jefferson did write the declaration of independence he also served as our third president of the united states he did a lot of good things but he did not write the federalist papers if you saw the play hamilton hopefully you remember the authors were alexander hamilton along with james madison and john jay question 26 benjamin franklin is known for all of the following except he was not the first secretary of state so the correct answer is c he was our first postmaster general in the u.s he started the first free libraries and he did serve as a us diplomat question 27 all of the following were reasons that led to the civil war except the correct answer is taxation without representation that was the reason for the revolutionary war but not the civil war the civil war focused on the economic issue and the human rights issue regarding slavery so states rights do states have the right to have slaves is that a state right economic reasons which dealt with slavery and of course slavery was the big issue question 28 susan b anthony is best known for the correct answer is a fighting for women's rights question 29 who was president during world war one hopefully you remember our trick world war woodrow wilson the correct answer is b question 30 during the cold war the main concern of the united states was a communism question 31 what part of the constitution protects the freedom of religion the correct answer to that is the bill of rights it is in the first amendment the fir the free exercise clause the preamble starts with we the people so remember that's the concept of self-government article one sets up the legislative branch and article two sets up the executive branch question 32 we're getting into the supreme court cases this case established the policy of judicial review the correct answer is c marbury versus madison you notice one of the cases there we did not even discuss it is likely that if we did not discuss it it is most likely not the correct answer um but the correct answer for that for judicial review was marbury versus madison remember this is when there was a transition in power from the second to the third president john adams to thomas jefferson adams had right before the end of his presidency um appointed all of these judges and judicial magistrates and justices of the peace they it was rushed through a senate confirmation hearing they were approved but a couple of them did not have time to get sworn into office before jefferson took on the presidency and jefferson tried to block that so it went to the supreme court and the supreme court said that the constitution is the supreme law of the land and that the supreme court has the right to decide whether things are in violation of the constitution otherwise known as judicial review question 33 this case ended segregation in public schools the correct answer is b brown versus board of education if you remember a plessy versus ferguson said that separate but equal was okay that was with the louisiana railroad car act the separate car act which allowed um the state to require separate cars for whites and non-whites and the supreme court said separate but equal was okay and that was overturned in brown versus board of education where they said separate but equal is not okay and it began the end of segregation in public schools question 34. this at case advocated for free speech in schools in the form of an anti-war protest so hopefully you remember that anti-war protest was against the vietnam war and the tinkers wore black armbands as a symbol of their um disagreement with the war so the correct answer is a tinker versus des moines and we remember our symbol the letter t for our two cases that dealt with symbolic speak speech texas versus johnson which dealt with the burning of the u.s flag and tinker versus des moines which dealt with the black armbands as a symbol question 35 this case guaranteed certain rights for individuals being arrested the correct answer is miranda versus arizona so we remember miranda versus arizona was the first case we looked at looking at the rights for people being arrested in miranda versus arizona miranda was not told what his rights were and he gave a lot of information during questioning that both incriminated himself and he did not know that he could have requested a lawyer be present for his questioning so that is the m for miranda that's the you have the right to remain silent anything you say can and will be used against you in a court of law and you have the right to have an attorney present and if we remember we turned that um upside down for gideon versus wainwright which said if you cannot afford a an attorney one will be provided for you question 36 this decision allowed for women to have abortions and the correct answer is a roe v wade remember this was in texas and it said that no state can have a law prohibiting first semester sorry first trimester abortions see what happens when you're in the middle of a semester at the university question 37 in plessy versus ferguson the supreme court ruled segregation was c legal as long as facilities were equal and again that was a separate rail railcar act question 38 we just talked about this case flag burning is protected by free speech in the case texas versus johnson that's while it might not be cool to burn a flag it is a symbol of speech and protected speech according to the first amendment question 39 in this case the courts found that public prayer and bible readings in school was against the constitution and we remember our upside down v otherwise known as our prayer hands so that will hopefully help you decide that it was engel versus vital question 40 schools only need reasonable suspicion not a warrant to search students this is necessary to provide a safe learning environment and this was the finding in the supreme court case new jersey versus tlo if you remember in this case a young woman was under suspicion of having smoked in the bathroom the school administration asked to search her belongings and she refused citing they didn't have a warrant and the supreme court ruled that in a school setting especially dealing with minors that the school administration um does not have to have the same probable cause that they would um in out in the community question 41 in this case the court ruled the policy of an institution using quotas or a predetermined number as part of affirmative action is unconstitutional institutions are not allowed to use race or gender quotas for either hiring or acceptance and admission policies and that was the case regents of the university of california versus becky if you remember ellen becky was a white male and he did not get into the med school at the university of california davis while there were other folks who had lesser academic credentials but because they were in an underrepresented race in that school they were admitted question 42 was during world war ii the supreme court ruled that relocation of japanese american citizens to internment camp camps was constitutional for the safety of the overall american people and that case was koromatsu versus the united states question 43 in this 1857 ruling slaves were declared property and not citizens and it nullified the missouri compromise the correct answer is a dred scott versus sanford a dreadful decision by today's standards in question 44 again we are looking at tinker versus des moines tinkers were suspended from school for wearing black armbands b that was their symbolic speech question 45 which lessons did future u.s leaders learn from the 1974 supreme court case u.s versus nixon and the correct answer is a the president is accountable for obeying the laws and that is the concept of rule of law which states no one is above the law question 46 states must pay for public defenders as a result of which u.s supreme court case i remember we talked about gideon versus wainwright which said that if you cannot afford an attorney one will be provided for you correct answer is c gideon versus wainwright in that case gideon was accused of a crime he asked for an attorney when he was told that he had the right to an attorney because he could not afford one and they said that if he couldn't afford one he could not have one he acted as his own attorney and did a terrible job of it and was thus sentenced to prison and from prison he worked on his own to appeal his case and the supreme court case realized that it was um a violation of equal protection rights really because the people who could not afford an attorney were going to be your lower socioeconomic and often your underrepresented minorities question 47 evidence that is illegally obtained by the state may not be used against the defendant in court that was the finding in c matt versus ohio if you remember map was in her home and the police got a tip that she was harboring a suspect they went to her home she asked to see a search warrant they did not have one they came back later and pretended to have a search warrant and they found pornographic materials in violation of ohio law when they searched her home so she was convicted and of having these pornographic materials and she appealed it and the appeal overturned it the supreme court case said that evidence that is found through an illegal search is not allowed to be used and finally question 48 which of the following has a requirement that all males in the united states including immigrants between 18 to 26 register and that is with the selective service d so the selective service was put in place after we were unable to have enough people to serve in the military during war times particularly during the vietnam war so the selective service is only required of males at this time 18 to 26 and they register so that if a draft were ever put into place the united states would have a way to get folks so we're hopefully you did really well on that and feel super confident we are going to actually now go back to looking at some things so if you look at the presentation that is downloaded there are some links to some quizlets some other practice tests a couple of kahoots that i made up one is on founding of u.s and structure of government it is 15 questions uh there are 10 questions on lance mark's supreme court cases so have a little fun practicing and feeling good about it there are a couple of other kahoots that are here on some of the study guides um some of the questions are not quite as relevant and a couple of them i don't necessarily agree with the answers but i think mine are awesome so try those um review the landmark supreme court cases make sure you feel confident in each of those and we're going to go over some discussion questions in a minute but i did want to take a moment to show you how to sign up for the test if you have not already done so so you would go to this site www dot f-a-u-d-u slash testing and it says right here register for your exams online and you can either click to register or read down and there are several places to register on that site under register for your exam you go to the civic literacy test and click register it gives a lot of information about the test other ways that you can satisfy the requirement like we talked about the civic literacy test you need a 60 to pass it gives roles in information about testing in the testing center most importantly that you must bring an identification in order to take the test they do allow you to take your owl card military id driver's license any state id passport but they will not allow you in without your id you also are not allowed to bring hoodies sweaters jackets or other outerwear so make sure that you are dressed appropriately and they won't allow you to bring really anything in with you they do have lockers available so once you're familiar with that you are going to select your campus the boca raton campus you choose your group which is the civic literacy test and then again you select civic literacy test it gives an exam uh information about the exam like we talked about 120 minutes long although you can leave once you complete it the location it is in su building 80 which is the building next to the student union it is a on the second floor across the hallway from financial aid and the career development center as well as just across the hallway from university advising services again it tells reminds you that you can't have food or drink you can't wear a hoodie you need id etc when you select your date so we're here today friday november 1st that we're recording this and you can select a date there's only two dates available today but most dates you have three options as i mentioned usually 10 12 or 2. or some dates will be 9 most dates are 10 12 and 2. some days they have a 9 o'clock testing time as well you fill out your name information agree to the following then it will bring up information where you put all of your information like your z number your address and all of that make sure you add to cart and then submit it so you are officially registered it will send you a proof an email proving that you are registered all right so we're going to go ahead and go back to some questions to discuss as we wrap up presenter desk there we go okay so just a few more questions um if you filled out the discussion page it's easier if i actually do this so let me switch this to the dot cam so you can look along with me all right so some discussion questions first question why does the constitution require bills to be introduced in the house of representatives instead of into the senate and remember the house of representatives is more representative of the people and hopefully that will limit the number of bills that are moving forward that aren't really coming from the voice of the people why does the constitution require bills be passed by one branch and signed by another and that's just an example of checks and balances so the branch that writes the bills and passes the bill is the legislative branch and then the executive branch as a checks and balance has the right to either sign or veto that bill why does the constitution require one branch nominate a supreme court justice and a second branch confirm it same reason checks and balances so the president is able to nominate a supreme court justice when there is a vacancy and remember the supreme court justice is appointed for life or until they are no longer able to serve and then they go through a senate confirmation hearing so the legislative branch has to conf has to approve that nomination and that is true of most federal appointments that the president makes how many senators are from each state how long is their term and why we just spoke about this there are two senators from each state we have 50 states currently so there are 100 members of the u.s senate their term is six years and that is so that they can get the work done learn the ropes and be able to move things forward in behalf on behalf of the state they're representing um and the u.s how many congress members are from each state how long is their term and why so while we have 435 voting members in congress the number from each state is varied so if we remember when the colonies were establishing the constitution there was controversy over how how they are represented how they are represented so the colonies that had a smaller population wanted equal representation they didn't think it was fair that they would get a few fewer representatives speaking their voices than some of the larger population colonies or states so that is why the senate was formed but the larger population states will said well that's not fair we have three four or five times as many people as they do in these small colonies so we want to have a greater voice so that is why the house of representatives and i should have called that house of representatives on the question that's why the house of representatives um has a varied population we remember each year during the you uh sorry every 10 years there is a u.s census so 2020 will be a u.s census and that redetermines how many folks will be from each state there will always be a constant overall number of 435 but depending on any changes in population from state to state some states might lose a representative or two and others might gain if their population increased significantly and their term is two years and again that is so that they stay accountable to the people that they know that they're going to have to go up for re-election very shortly and if they're not representing the people that in two years we can get new people who are better representing our interests what rights are reserved for u.s citizens only and we talked about the three things for u.s citizens run for federal office vote in a federal election and serve on a jury what are the ways citizens can get involved with government there are a lot of them so some examples of that are lobbying our our legislative branch or any of our representatives or even locally you can do that with your county and and city representatives you can vote you can run for office you can join a political party you can write a letter to the editor of a newspaper or put postings on social media that help explain why you feel a certain way about an issue there are a lot of very different ways that you can do that what our powers reserved to the states we talked about six powers reserved to the states so education police fire so protection safety approving zoning and land use and licensure so driver's license marriage license et cetera what documents supported the declaration of independence and which documents supported the ratification of the constitution so the declaration of independence we talked about common sense by thomas paine and that was written to try to get folks to declare independence from great britain the ratification of the constitution if we remember there were folks who did not want a strong federal government or the federalist system that was being proposed so alexander hamilton along with adams and john jay wrote the federalist papers and the anti-federalists were those that opposed them but the federalist papers were documents in support of ratification of the constitution okay the equal protection clause that is in the 14th amendment and that basically just shows that the united states cannot make or enforce laws which deprive any individual of equal protection under the law and that is typically um based on things such as race class gender ethnicity ability or disability etc age is another another one some of the landmark cases we dealt with a lot of landmark cases that dealt with this so brown versus board of education which talked about separate but equal was not okay and it was equal protection based on race roe v wade talked about this in terms of reproductive rights in the case bush versus gore um the equal protection based on the election recount that he was uh bush felt that he was not provided equal protection under the law because each county had a different way of recounting the votes and the university of california versus becky regions of the university of california versus backy with rachel quotas what is the meaning of consent of the government and which area of our government demonstrates this so consent of the government means that the authority for the structure of government we have and and to move forward to government is given from the people remember we the people so that's the self-government um an example of the government of this is the house of representatives where we are electing really locally eminent domain so we remember this from hopefully the fifth amendment eminent domain states that um the gov it set up the rights for the government to take private property for public use and it only allows this if there is just compensation and we talked about examples of when that might happen so perhaps they when they were building the railroad system or a highway system or a water and irrigation system and they need the land that's on that certain property but they cannot take that without providing just compensation the neces you can see my nails on here it was halloween when this was recorded what is the necessary and proper clause so this states that congress has the right to do anything even if it is not specified explicitly in the constitution that is necessary and proper in order for them to cut to carry out the rights and responsibilities that are outlined in the constitution it is also known as the elastic clause so we talked about thinking of an elastic band it gives that elasticity that flexibility in terms of being able to conduct the business that they have to do next we have um the supremacy clause so supremacy clause states that the um federal laws are the supreme laws of the land and they supersede state laws if they conflict so we remember we talked about this in gibbons versus ogden with the commerce clause that um in new york was not allowed to set up laws that would be conflicting and impacting interstate trade beyond what was done for the federal government and the last question on here what is the free exercise clause sorry my list that i have in front of me is different the free exercise clause refers to the exercise of the right to practice any religion or none at all and it is in the first amendment all right we're close folks we're getting there what is the rule of law so hopefully you remember the rule of law which was in the case u.s versus nixon says that no one is above the law the constitution is the supreme law of the land it is rules that apply to all individuals in the united states what is federalism federalism is that concept that there is shared government shared power sorry within the government between federal and state what is one shared power that is under our federalist government and that is the power for taxation so remember we can be taxed both by the federal government state government city county all of that they all tax us so this isn't a very well boarded question but just trying to get to the concept so just what do you know about the declaration of independence why when was it signed what are what's in the first two paragraphs and what language do you know from it so remember the declaration of independence was us declaring our independence from british role it was right after the start of the revolutionary war signed on the 4th of july hopefully you remember independence day in 1776 and it was we declared our independence because we did not like being taxed without representation we wanted self-government we didn't like having soldiers quartered in our houses um so we remember some of the language from this um the first two paragraphs are called the preamble and we know these truths to be self-evident that all men are created equal and there are certain unalienable rights endowed by our creator and the rights to life liberty and the pursuit of happiness so we talked about how this language shows that everyone is born with these rights and everyone has them unlike in other countries where there was more of a caste system that these rights are across the board for all people so same questions about the constitution so why so if we remember we had the articles of confederation we we won our independence from great britain and now we had to establish a structure of government our first attempt at that through the articles of confederation failed because it did not give a strong enough central government it had a very weak central government gave a lot of the rights to the states and that just was not working so we wanted to find a better balance this was signed in 1789 it is considered the supreme law of the land so when it was first written it was a bunch of information about our government and it was the marbury versus madison that showed that yes this is the supreme love land and we need to follow what's in it what does it contain we've got the preamble with the we the people which sets up the concept of self-government then it has the articles seven articles which describe the structure of government the functions of each government what they can the federal government can do remember if it's not in there then it's implied that it's a state power um what language do we know from it we the people of the united states in order to form a more perfect union that's what i remember from it and we've already spoken excuse me about the articles of confederation it was our original constitution ratified in 1781 1789 it was scrapped and we had the regular constitution okay and we're going to wrap up with some legal cases here i can there there we go okay so which cases reinforce the power of the courts and judicial review so this was marbury versus madison so this was the case where jefferson was becoming the third president and did not want to abide by some of the things that john adams had put into place and the supreme court not only ruled that jefferson had to do it but that they have the right to make those decisions which case protected federal government rights without interference by a state which is the implied powers this was in mcculloch versus maryland so if we remember in this case um right after like a couple of years after the constitution was it was ratified they were establishing banks so maryland was trying to figure out how they were going to function as a state and they started in order to create a sustainable government in the state of maryland they started taxing businesses so the united states set up a u.s bank in maryland and maryland went and tried to collect taxes for that from them and they said you don't have a right to operate a business on our property without paying taxes and the supreme court came back and found that um although the constitution doesn't specifically say that states have the right to um build a bank that is an implied power because they have the right to do things like collect taxes and print money and trade and commerce and all of that they needed a physical way to be able to do that which was a bank so it gave the rights to show because back in 1789 when the constitution was written they couldn't account for every circumstance so these are implied powers things that are necessary and proper for congress to be able and the us government to be able to come to carry out the things that they are required to do under the constitution next question which cases focused on rights of students so we had several of them so in two of those cases it dealt with religious based things so we remember rv our little trick so angle versus vital which said that students do not have to participate in non-denominational prayer in school and in fact that's a violation of the constitution by having a name denominational prayer in school and then in west virginia state board of education versus barnett which was the case with the barnettes were jehovah's witnesses and they did not want to have to salute the flag and recite the pledge of allegiance at school so those were two that dealt with the rights of students we also have the symbolic speech tinker versus des moines where they were allowed to wear black armbands as a symbol of protest um and then we had a couple of cases where the rights in the schools were limited for students more than we hear in any other way typically um the supreme court's err on the rights of the individual but in these two cases um hazelwood versus cole meyer which dealt with hazelwood high school principal who wanted to limit some of the publication speech that the students had written in their student publication and the courts found that yes the administration does have the right if what's being printed is in violation of the values of the school or is not appropriate to be written in to protect the minors there and then in new jersey versus tlo which gate limited the right for students protection against uh search and seizures so gave the administration the uh rights to search school students school lockers and school belongings which case focused on first oh sorry rights of equal protection there we go uh equal protection so that was plessy versus ferguson which said they didn't have that they were being protected separate but equal was okay brown versus board of education which overturned that and said brown ver separate but equal is not okay um regents of university of california versus backy dealt with equal protection that the white student didn't feel his rights were being met because based on his race and then roe versus wade which cases focused on first amendment rights we had six cases so if you remember citizens united versus the federal election commission where hillary rodham clinton did not want to have the video shown and she said one that it couldn't be shown that close to the democratic national convention and second that the way that the video was funded um was in violation of of her rights or was inappropriate and the court found that they were allowed to show the video that it was first amendment right to show that and that the video who how individuals or companies or unions decide to use their money is considered protected speech also um the two religious cases so engel versus vitale and west virginia board of education versus burnett hazelwood versus kohlmeyer which we also just spoke about with the school newspaper or publication and then the two symbolic speech so texas versus johnson with the flag burning and tinker versus des moines second amendment we only had one case dealing with second amendment two letters dc dc versus heller so remember heller wanted um to have his have a gun in his home and they had a law in dc at the time that you were only allowed to have a rifle or shotgun and that it had to be uh disassembled and the ammunition couldn't be there and it showed that not only could he have the gun and have it accessible but it showed that the the supreme court was deciding that the second amendment was also allowing residents to protect their basic rights it wasn't just to establish a militia which cases focused on the fourth amendment rights against illegal searches versus seizure so we had two cases fourth amendment map mapp has four letters versus ohio has four letters so we remember that was the home where the police officers pretended to have a warrant when they went back um so that case was thrown out because of illegal search and seizure but then in new jersey versus tlo in the school setting search and seizure was a little bit more lenient the next case six uh sixth amendment right to an attorney so miranda versus arizona said you have the right to an attorney and then gideon versus wainwright said if you cannot afford an attorney one will be provided for you a couple more here guys last two which case focused on interstate trade interstate trade was gibbons versus ogden so remember in the new york harbor in between new york and new jersey new york uh was they set up almost a monopoly there on the trade and then in new jersey they wanted to have their trade and the um this focused on the commerce clause of the constitution which said the u.s government has the right to determine um what is appropriate for interstate and interstate commerce and finally which case focused on implied powers of the us constitution that is mcculloch versus maryland we just talked about the banking that the even though the u.s constitution doesn't specifically state that the government has the right to set up banks it is part of the necessary and proper clause and implied power they need it to do business so that was a lot of information i appreciate you being with us and participating in these workshops i wish you the best of luck as you take your civic literacy exam i know that you have the information you will pass it not only with the 60 probably with even far more than you need but just relax take a deep breath the worst thing that can happen is you don't pass it and you could take it again even as soon as the next day it is free and you will do well i thank you for watching if you do have any feedback on any of these workshops i encourage you to email me our email is stay at fau.edu that is we want you to stay in school so s-t-a-y at fau.edu tell me what was helpful in the workshops tell me what we could change and would be more helpful for you and finally send me that exciting note that you passed the civic literacy test and once you've taken it if there's anything else that i could have done in these workshops to better prepare you thank you and have a great afternoon you