Overview
This lecture covers the founding of the Georgia colony, its original social goals, strict regulations under James Oglethorpe, later policy changes, and the shift in its population and economy.
Founding of Georgia
- Georgia was founded in 1733 by James Oglethorpe, north of Spanish Florida.
- Oglethorpe intended Georgia as a refuge for England’s poor, especially debtors.
- Colonists were given land to work for themselves and improve their conditions.
Early Policies and Challenges
- Georgia also admitted soldiers due to frequent attacks by the Spanish and local tribes.
- Oglethorpe banned liquor, assemblies, Catholics, and Africans to maintain control and security.
- The strict rules and vulnerable location made Georgia unattractive to new settlers.
Policy Changes and Transformation
- In 1750, Oglethorpe allowed slavery in hopes of boosting the economy.
- In 1751, Georgia became a royal colony under direct English control.
- The colony shifted towards an aristocratic society similar to South Carolina.
- By 1770, slaves made up more than half of Georgia’s population.
Key Terms & Definitions
- James Oglethorpe — Founder of Georgia, English philanthropist focused on helping the poor.
- Debtors' prisons — Jails in England for people unable to pay debts.
- Royal colony — A colony controlled directly by the English crown.
- Aristocratic — Society where the wealthy elite hold power.
Action Items / Next Steps
- Review how Georgia's policies compared to other southern colonies.
- Note the impact of slavery’s introduction on Georgia’s society and economy.