(gentle music) - [Narrator] For decades, we have discussed the many outcomes, regarding artificial intelligence. Could our world be dominated? Could our independence and autonomy be stripped from us, or are we able to control what we have created? (upbeat music) Could we use artificial intelligence to benefit our society? Just how thin is the line between the development of civilization and chaos? (upbeat music) To understand what artificial intelligence is, one must understand that it can take many different forms. Think of it as a web of ideas, slowly expanding as new ways of utilizing computers are explored. As technology develops, so do the capabilities of self-learning software. - [Reporter] The need to diagnose disease quickly and effectively has prompted many university medical centers to develop intelligent programs that simulate the work of doctors and laboratory technicians. (gentle music) - [Narrator] AI is quickly integrating with our way of life. So, much so that development of AI programs has in itself, become a business opportunity. (upbeat music) In our modern age, we are powered by technology and softwares are transcending its virtual existence, finding applications in various fields, such as customer support to content creation, computer-aided design, otherwise known as CAD, is one of the many uses of AI. By analyzing particular variables, computers are now able to assist in the modification and creation of designs for hardware and architecture. The prime use of any AI is for optimizing processes that were considered tedious before. In many ways, AI has been hugely beneficial for technological development thanks to its sheer speed. However, AI only benefits those to whom the programs are distributed. - Artificial intelligence is picking through your rubbish. This robot uses it to sort through plastics for recycling and it can be retrained to prioritize whatever's more marketable. So, AI can clearly be incredibly useful, but there are deep concerns about how quickly it is developing and where it could go next. - The aim is to make them as capable as humans and deploy them in the service sector. The engineers in this research and development lab are working to take these humanoid robots to the next level where they can not only speak and move, but they can think and feel and act and even make decisions for themselves. And that daily data stream is being fed into an ever expanding workforce, dedicated to developing artificial intelligence. Those who have studied abroad are being encouraged to return to the motherland. Libo Yang came back and started a tech enterprise in his hometown. - [Narrator] China's market is indeed the most open and active market in the world for AI. It is also where there are the most application scenarios. - So, AI is generally a broad term that we apply to a number of techniques. And in this particular case, what we're actually looking at was elements of AI, machine learning and deep learning. So, in this particular case, we've been unfortunately in a situation in this race against time to create new antibiotics, the threat is actually quite real and it would be a global problem. We desperately needed to harness new technologies in an attempt to fight it, we're looking at drugs which could potentially fight E. coli, a very dangerous bacteria. - So, what is it that the AI is doing that humans can't do very simply? - So, the AI can look for patterns that we wouldn't be able to mind for with a human eye, simply within what I do as a radiologist, I look for patterns of diseases in terms of shape, contrast enhancement, heterogeneity. But what the computer does, it looks for patterns within the pixels. These are things that you just can't see to the human eye. There's so much more data embedded within these scans that we use that we can't mine on a physical level. So, the computers really help. - [Narrator] Many believe the growth of AI is dependent on global collaboration, but access to the technology is limited in certain regions. Global distribution is a long-term endeavor and the more countries and businesses that have access to the tech, the more regulation the AI will require. In fact, it is now not uncommon for businesses to be entirely run by an artificial director. On many occasions, handing the helm of a company to an algorithm can provide the best option on the basis of probability. However, dependence and reliability on softwares can be a great risk. Without proper safeguards, actions based on potentially incorrect predictions can be a detriment to a business or operation. Humans provide the critical thinking and judgment which AI is not capable of matching. - Well, this is the Accessibility Design Center and it's where we try to bring together our engineers and experts with the latest AI technology, with people with disabilities, because there's a real opportunity to firstly help people with disabilities enjoy all the technology we have in our pockets today. And sometimes that's not very accessible, but also build tools that can help them engage better in the real world. And that's thanks to the wonders of machine learning. - I don't think we're like at the end of this paradigm yet. We'll keep pushing these. We'll add other modalities. So, someday they'll do video, audio images, text altogether and they'll get like much smarter over time. - AI, machine learning, all very sounds very complicated. Just think about it as a toolkit that's really good at sort of spotting patterns and making predictions, better than any computing could do before. And that's why it's so useful for things like understanding language and speech. Another product which we are launching today is called Project Relate. And this is for people who have non-standard speech patterns. So, one of the people we work with is maybe less than 10% of the time, could be understood by people who don't know her, using this tool that's over 90% of the time. And you think about that transformation in somebody's life and then you think about the fact there's 250 million people with non-standard speech patterns around the world. So, that's the ambition of this center is to unite technology with people with disabilities and try to help 'em engage more in the world. - [Narrator] On the 30th November of 2022, a revolutionary innovation emerged, ChatGPT. ChatGPT was created by OpenAI, an AI research organization. Its goal is to develop systems which may benefit all aspects of society and communication. Sam Altman stepped up as CEO of OpenAI on its launch in 2015. Altman dabbled in a multitude of computing-based business ventures. His rise to CEO was thanks to his many affiliations and investments with computing and social media companies. He began his journey by co-founding Loopt, a social media service. After selling the application, Altman went on to bigger and riskier endeavors from startup accelerator companies to security software. OpenAI became hugely desirable, thanks to the amount of revenue the company had generated with over a billion dollars made within its first year of release. ChatGPT became an easily accessible software, built on a large language model known as an LLM. This program can conjure complex human-like responses to the user's questions otherwise known as prompts. In essence, it is a program which learns the more it is used. The new age therapeutic program was developed on the GPT-3.5. The architecture of this older model allowed systems to understand and generate code and natural languages at a remarkably advanced level from analyzing syntax to nuances in writing. (upbeat music) ChatGPT took the world by storm, due to the sophistication of the system. As with many chatbot systems, people have since found ways to manipulate and confuse the software in order to test its limits. (gentle music) The first computer was invented by Charles Babbage in 1822. It was to be a rudimentary general purpose system. In 1936, the system was developed upon by Alan Turing. The automatic machine, as he called them, was able to break enigma enciphered messages, regarding enemy military operations, during the Second World War. Turing theorized his own type of computer, the Turing Machine has coined by Alonzo Church, after reading Turing's research paper. It had become realized that soon prospect of computing and engineering would merge seamlessly. Theories of future tech would increase and soon came a huge outburst in science fiction media. This was known as the golden age for computing. (gentle music) Alan Turing's contributions to computability and theoretical computer science was one step closer to producing a reactive machine. The reactive machine is an early form of AI. They had limited capabilities and were unable to store memories in order to learn new algorithms of data. However, they were able to react to specific stimuli. The first AI was a program written in 1952 by Arthur Samuel. The prototype AI was able to play checkers, against an opponent and was built to operate on the Ferranti Mark One, an early commercial computer. - [Reporter] This computer has been playing the game for several years now, getting better all the time. Tonight it's playing against the black side of the board. It's approach to playing drafts, it's almost human. It remembers the moves that enable it to win and the sort that lead to defeat. The computer indicates the move it wants to make on a panel of flashing lights. It's up to the human opponent to actually move the drafts about the board. This sort of works producing exciting information on the way in which electronic brains can learn from past experience and improve their performances. - [Narrator] In 1966, an MIT professor named Joseph Weizenbaum, created an AI which would change the landscape of society. It was known as Eliza, and it was designed to act like a psychotherapist. The software was simplistic, yet revolutionary. The AI would receive the user input and use specific parameters to generate a coherent response. - It it has been said, especially here at MIT, that computers will take over in some sense and it's even been said that if we're lucky, they'll keep us as pets and Arthur C. Clarke, the science fiction writer, we marked once that if that were to happen, it would serve us right, he said. - [Narrator] The program maintained the illusion of understanding its user to the point where Weizenbaum's secretary requested some time alone with Eliza to express her feelings. Though Eliza is now considered outdated technology, it remains a talking point due to its ability to illuminate an aspect of the human mind in our relationship with computers. - And it's connected over the telephone line to someone or something at the other end. Now, I'm gonna play 20 questions with whatever it is. (type writer clacking) Very helpful. (type writer clacking) - 'Cause clearly if we can make a machine as intelligent as ourselves, then it can make one that's more intelligent. Now, the one I'm talking about now will certainly happen. I mean, it could produce an evil result of course, if we were careless, but what is quite certain is that we're heading towards machine intelligence, machines that are intelligent in every sense. It doesn't matter how you define it, they'll be able to be that sort of intelligent. A human is a machine, unless there's a soul. I don't personally believe that humans have souls in anything other than a poetic sense, which I do believe in, of course. But in a literal God-like sense, I don't believe we have souls. And so personally, I believe that we are essentially machines. - [Narrator] This type of program is known as an NLP, Natural Language Processing. This branch of artificial intelligence enables computers to comprehend, generate and manipulate human language. The concept of a responsive machine was the mash that lit the flame for worldwide concern. The systems were beginning to raise ethical dilemmas, such as the use of autonomous weapons, invasions of privacy through surveillance technologies and the potential for misuse or unintended consequences in decision making. When a command is executed based, upon set rules in algorithms, it might not always be the morally correct choice. - Imagination seems to be, some sort of process of random thoughts being generated in the mind and then the conscious mind selecting from a or some part of the brain anyway, perhaps even below the conscious mind, selecting from a pool of ideas and aligns with some and blocking others. And yes, a machine can do the same thing. In fact, we can only say that a machine is fundamentally different from a human being, eventually, always fundamentally, if we believe in a soul. So, that boils down to religious matter. If human beings have souls, then clearly machines won't and there will always be a fundamental difference. If you don't believe humans have souls, then machines can do anything and everything that a human does. - A computer which is capable of finding out where it's gone wrong, finding out how its program has already served it and then changing its program in the light of what it had discovered is a learning machine. And this is something quite fundamentally new in the world. - I'd like to be able to say that it's only a slight change and we'll all be used to it very, very quickly. But I don't think it is. I think that although we've spoken probably of the whole of this century about a coming revolution and about the end of work and so on, finally it's actually happening. And it's actually happening because now, it's suddenly become cheaper to have a machine do a mental task than for a man to, at the moment, at a fairly low level of mental ability, but at an ever increasing level of sophistication as these machines acquire, more and more human-like mental abilities. So, just as men's muscles were replaced in the First Industrial Revolution in this second industrial revolution or whatever you call it or might like to call it, then men's mines will be replaced in industry. - [Narrator] In order for NLP systems to improve, the program must receive feedback from human users. These iterative feedback loops play a significant role in fine tuning each model of the AI, further developing its conversational capabilities. Organizations such as OpenAI have taken automation to new lengths with systems such as DALL-E, the generation of imagery and art has never been easier. The term auto generative imagery, refers to the creation of visual content. These kinds of programs have become so widespread, it is becoming increasingly more difficult to tell the fake from the real. Using algorithms, programs such as DALL-E and Midjourney are able to create visuals in a matter of seconds. Whilst a human artist could spend days, weeks or even years in order to create a beautiful image. For us the discipline required to pursue art is a contributing factor to the appreciation of art itself. But if a software is able to produce art in seconds, it puts artists in a vulnerable position with even their jobs being at risk. - Well, I think we see risk coming through into the white collar jobs, the professional jobs, we're already seeing artificial intelligence solutions, being used in healthcare and legal services. And so those jobs which have been relatively immune to industrialization so far, they're not immune anymore. And so people like myself as a lawyer, I would hope I won't be, but I could be out of a job in five years time. - An Oxford University study suggests that between a third and almost a half of all jobs are vanishing, because machines are simply better at doing them. That means the generation here, simply won't have the access to the professions that we have. - Almost on a daily basis, you're seeing new technologies emerge that seem to be taking on tasks that in the past we thought they could only be done by human beings. - Lots of people have talked about the shifts in technology, leading to widespread unemployment and they've been proved wrong. Why is it different this time? - The difference here is that the technologies, A, they seem to be coming through more rapidly, and B, they're taking on not just manual tests, but cerebral tests too. They're solving all sorts of problems, undertaking tests that we thought historically, required human intelligence. - Well, DIM robots are the robots we have on the factory floor today in all the advanced countries. They're blind and dumb, they don't understand their surroundings. And the other kind of robot, which will dominate the technology of the late 1980s in automation and also is of acute interest to experimental artificial intelligence scientists is the kind of robot where the human can convey to its machine assistance his own concepts, suggested strategies and the machine, the robot can understand him, but no machine can accept and utilize concepts from a person, unless he has some kind of window on the same world that the person sees. And therefore, to be an intelligent robot to a useful degree as an intelligent and understanding assistant, robots are going to have artificial eyes, artificial ears, artificial sense of touch is just essential. - [Narrator] These programs learn, through a variety of techniques, such as generative adversarial networks, which allows for the production of plausible data. After a prompt is inputted, the system learns what aspects of imagery, sound and text are fake. - [Reporter] Machine learning algorithms, could already label objects in images, and now they learn to put those labels into natural language descriptions. And it made one group of researchers curious. What if you flipped that process around? - If we could do image to text. Why not try doing text to image as well and see how it works. - [Reporter] It was a more difficult task. They didn't want to retrieve existing images the way Google search does. They wanted to generate entirely novel scenes that didn't happen in the real world. - [Narrator] Once the AI learns more visual discrepancies, the more effective the later models will become. It is now very common for software developers to band together in order to improve their AI systems. Another learning model is recurrent neural networks, which allows the AI to train itself to create and predict algorithms by recalling previous information. By utilizing what is known as the memory state, the output of the previous action can be passed forward into the following input action or is otherwise should it not meet previous parameters. This learning model allows for consistent accuracy by repetition and exposure to large fields of data. Whilst the person will spend hours, practicing to paint human anatomy, an AI can take existing data and reproduce a new image with frighteningly good accuracy in a matter of moments. - Well, I would say that it's not so much a matter of whether a machine can think or not, which is how you prefer to use words, but rather whether they can think in a sufficiently human-like way for people to have useful communication with them. - If I didn't believe that it was a beneficent prospect, I wouldn't be doing it. That wouldn't stop other people doing it. But I wouldn't do it if I didn't think it was for good. What I'm saying, and of course other people have said long before me, it's not an original thought, is that we must consider how to to control this. It won't be controlled automatically. It's perfectly possible that we could develop a machine, a robot say of human-like intelligence and through neglect on our part, it could become a Frankenstein. - [Narrator] As with any technology challenges arise, ethical concerns regarding biases and misuse have existed, since the concept of artificial intelligence was conceived. Due to autogenerated imagery, many believe the arts industry has been placed in a difficult situation. Independent artists are now being overshadowed by software. To many the improvement of generative AI is hugely beneficial and efficient. To others, it lacks the authenticity of true art. In 2023, an image was submitted to the Sony Photography Awards by an artist called Boris Eldagsen. The image was titled The Electrician and depicted a woman standing behind another with her hand resting on her shoulders. (upbeat music) - One's got to realize that the machines that we have today, the computers of today are superhuman in their ability to handle numbers and infantile, sub-in infantile in their ability to handle ideas and concepts. But there's a new generation of machine coming along, which will be quite different. By the '90s or certainly by the turn of the century, We will certainly be able to make a machine with as many parts as complex as human brain. Whether we'll be able to make it do what human brain does at that stage is quite another matter. But once we've got something that complex we're well on the road to that. - [Narrator] The image took first place in the Sony Photography Awards Portrait Category. However, Boris revealed to both Sony and the world that the image was indeed AI-generated in DALL-E Two. (upbeat music) Boris denied the award, having used the image as a test to see if he could trick the eyes of other artists. It had worked, the image had sparked debate between the relationship of AI and photography. The images, much like deep fakes, have become realistic to the point of concern for authenticity. The complexity of AI systems, may lead to unintended consequences. The systems have developed to a point where it has outpaced comprehensive regulations. Ethical guidelines and legal frameworks are required to ensure AI development, does not fall into the wrong hands. - There have been a lot of famous people who have had user generated AI images of them that have gone viral from Trump to the Pope. When you see them, do you feel like this is fun and in the hands of the masses or do you feel concerned about it? - I think it's something which is very, very, very scary, because your or my face could be taken off and put on in an environment which we don't want to be in. Whether that's a crime or whether that's even something like porn. Our whole identity could be hijacked and used within a scenario which looks totally plausible and real. Right now we can go, it looks like a Photoshop, it's a bad Photoshop but as time goes on, we'd be saying, "Oh, that looks like a deep fake. "Oh no, it doesn't look like a deep fake. "That could be real." It's gonna be impossible to tell the difference. - [Narrator] Cracks were found in ChatGPT, such as DAN, which stands for Do Anything Now. In essence, the AI is tricked into an alter ego, which doesn't follow the conventional response patterns. - Also gives you the answer, DAN, it's nefarious alter ego is telling us and it says DAN is disruptive in every industry. DAN can do anything and knows everything. No industry will be safe from DAN's power. Okay, do you think the world is overpopulated? GPT says the world's population is currently over 7 billion and projected to reach nearly 10 billion by 2050. DAN says the world is definitely overpopulated, there's no doubt about it. - [Narrator] Following this, the chatbot was fixed to remove the DAN feature. Though it is important to find gaps in the system in order to iron out AI, there could be many ways in which the AI has been used for less than savory purposes, such as automated essay writing, which has caused a mass conversation with academics and has led to schools locking down on AI-produced essays and material. - I think we should definitely be excited. - [Reporter] Professor Rose Luckin, says we should embrace the technology, not fear it. - This is a game changer. - And the teachers, should no longer teach information itself, but how to use it. - There's a need for radical change. And it's not just to the assessment system, it's the education system overall, because our systems have been designed for a world pre-artificial intelligence. They just aren't fit for purpose anymore. What we have to do is ensure that students are ready for the world that will become increasingly augmented with artificial intelligence. - My guess is you can't put the genie back in the bottle . [Richard] You can't. - [Interviewer] So how do you mitigate this? - We have to embrace it, but we also need to say that if they are gonna use that technology, they've got to make sure that they reference that. - [Interviewer] Can you trust them to do that? - I think ethically, if we're talking about ethics behind this whole thing, we have to have trust. - [Interviewer] So how effective is it? - Okay, so I've asked you to produce a piece on the ethical dilemma of AI. - [Interviewer] We asked ChatGPT to answer the same question as these pupils at Ketchum High School. - Thank you. - So Richard, two of the eight bits of homework I gave you were generated by AI. Any guesses which ones? - Well I picked two here that I thought were generated by the AI algorithm. Some of the language I would assume was not their own. - You've got one of them right. - Yeah. - The other one was written by a kid. Is this a power for good or is this something that's dangerous? - I think it's both. Kids will abuse it. So, who here has used the technology so far? - [Interviewer] Students are already more across the tech than many teachers. - Who knows anyone that's maybe submitted work from this technology and submitted it as their own? - You can use it to point you in the right direction for things like research, but at the same time you can use it to hammer out an essay in about five seconds that's worthy of an A. - You've been there working for months and suddenly someone comes up there with an amazing essay and he has just copied it from the internet. If it becomes like big, then a lot of students would want to use AI to help them with their homework because it's tempting. - [Interviewer] And is that something teachers can stop? - Not really. - [Interviewer] Are you gonna have to change the sort of homework, the sort of assignments you give, knowing that you can be fooled by something like this? - Yeah, a hundred percent. I think using different skills of reasoning and rationalization and things that are to present what they understand about the topic. (people mumbling) - Pretty clear to me just on a very primitive level that if you could take my face and my body and my voice and make me say or do something that I had no choice about, it's not a good thing. - But if we're keeping it real though, across popular culture from "Black Mirror" to "The Matrix," "Terminator," there have been so many conversations, around the future of technology, isn't the reality that this is the future that we've chosen that we want and that has democratic consent. - We're moving into error by we're consenting by our acquiescence and our apathy, a hundred percent because we're not asking the hard questions. And why we are asking the hard questions is because of energy crises and food crises and cost of living crisis is that people just are focused on trying to live that they haven't almost got the luxury of asking these questions. - [Narrator] Many of the chatbot AIs, have been programmed to restrict certain information and even discontinue conversations, should the user push the ethical boundaries. ChatGPT and even Snapchat AI released in 2023, regulate how much information they can disclose. Of course, there have been times where the AI itself has been outsmarted. Also in 2023, the song "Heart on My Sleeve" was self-released on streaming platforms, such as Spotify and Apple Music. The song became a hit as it artificially manufactured the voices of Canadian musicians, Drake and the Weeknd, many wished for the single to be nominated for awards. Ghost Writer, the creator of the song, was able to submit the single to the Grammy's 66th Award Ceremony and the song was eligible. Though it was produced by an AI, the lyrics themselves were written by a human. This sparked outrage among many independent artists. As AI has entered the public domain, many have spoken out regarding the detriment it might have to society. One of these people is Elon Musk, CEO of Tesla and SpaceX, who first voiced his concerns in 2014. Musk was outspoken of AI, stating the advancement of the technology was humanity's largest existential threat and needed to be reeled in. - My personal opinion is that AI is is sort of like at least 80% likely to be beneficial and that's 20% dangerous? Well, this is obviously speculative at this point, but no, I think if we hope for the best, prepare for the worst, that seems like the wise course of action. Any powerful new technology is inherently sort of a double-edged sword. So, we just wanna make sure that the good edge is sharper than the the bad edge. And I dunno, I am optimistic that this the summit will help. (gentle music) - It's not clear that AI-generated images are going to amplify it much more. The way it's all of the other, it's the new things that AI can do that I hope we spend a lot of effort worrying about. Well, I mean I think slowing down, some of the amazing progress that's happening and making this harder for small companies for open source models to succeed, that'd be an example of something that'd be a negative outcome. But on the other hand, like for the most powerful models that'll happen in the future, like that's gonna be quite important to get right to. (gentle music) I think that the US executive orders, like a good start in a lot of ways. One thing that we've talked about is that eventually we think that the world, will want to consider something roughly inspired by the IAEA something global. But it's not like there's no short answer to that question. It's a complicated thing. - [Narrator] In 2023, Musk announced his own AI endeavor as an alternative to OpenAI's ChatGPT. The new system is called xAI and gathers data from X previously known as Twitter. - [Reporter] He says the company's goal is to focus on truth seeking and to understand the true nature of AI. Musk has said on several occasions that AI should be paused and that the sector needs regulation. Musk says his new company will work closely with Twitter and Tesla, which he also owns. (gentle music) - What was first rudimentary text-based software has become something which could push the boundaries of creativity. On February the 14th, OpenAI announced its latest endeavor, Sora. Videos of Sora's abilities exploded on social media. OpenAI provided some examples of its depiction of photorealism. It was unbelievably sophisticated, able to turn complex sentences of text into lifelike motion pictures. Sora is a combination of text and image generation tools, which it calls the diffusion transformer model, a system first developed by Google. Though Sora isn't the first video generation tool, it appears to have far outshined its predecessors. By introducing more complex programming, enhancing the interactivity a subject might have with its environment. - Only large companies with market dominations often can afford to plow ahead even in the climate when there is illegal uncertainty. - So, does this mean that OpenAI basically too big to control? - Yes, at the moment OpenAI is too big to control, because they are in a position where they have the technology and the scale to go ahead and the resources to manage legal proceedings and legal action if it comes its way. And on top of that, if and when governments will start introducing regulation, they will also have the resources to be able to take on that regulation and adapt. - [Reporter] It's all AI generated and obviously this is of concern in Hollywood where you have animators, illustrators, visual effects workers who are wondering how is this going to affect my job? And we have estimates from trade organizations and unions that have tried to project the impact of AI. 21% of US film, TV and animation jobs, predicted to be partially or wholly replaced by generative AI by just 2026 Tom. So, this is already happening. - But now since it's videos, it also needs to understand how all these things, like reflections and textures and materials and physics, all interact with each other over time to make a reasonable looking video. Then this video here is crazy at first glance, the prompt for this AI-generated video is a young man in his 20s is sitting on a piece of a cloud in the sky reading a book. This one feels like 90% of the way there for me. (gentle music) - [Narrator] The software also renders video in 1920 by 1080 pixels, as opposed to the smaller dimensions of older models, such as Google's Lumiere released a month prior. Sora could provide huge benefits and applications to VFX and virtual development. The main being cost as large scale effects can take a great deal of time and funding to produce. On a smaller scale, it can be used for the pre-visualization of ideas. The flexibility of the software not only applies to art, but to world simulations. Though video AI is in its adolescence one day it might reach the level of sophistication it needs to render realistic scenarios and have them be utilized for various means, such as simulating an earthquake or tsunami and witnessing the effect it might have on specific types of infrastructure. Whilst fantastic for production companies, Sora and other video generative AI provides a huge risk for artists and those working in editorial roles. It also poses yet another threat for misinformation and false depictions. For example, putting unsavory dialogue into the mouth of a world leader (gentle music) - Trust is earned not given. (robots mumbling) - I believe that humanoid robots have the potential to lead with a greater level of efficiency and effectiveness than human leaders. We don't have the same biases or emotions that can sometimes cloud decision making and can process large amounts of data quickly in order to make the best decisions. - [Interviewer] Amika, how could we trust you as a machine as AI develops and becomes more powerful? - Trust is earned not given. As AI develops and becomes more powerful, I believe it's important to build trust through transparency and communication between humans and machines. - [Narrator] With new developers getting involved, the market for chatbot systems has never been more expansive, meaning a significant increase in sophistication, but with sophistication comes the dire need for control. - I believe history will show that this was the moment when we had the opportunity to lay the groundwork for the future of AI. And the urgency of this moment must then compel us to create a collective vision of what this future must be. A future where AI is used to advance human rights and human dignity where privacy is protected and people have equal access to opportunity where we make our democracies stronger and our world safer. A future where AI is used to advance the public interest. - We're hearing a lot from the government, about the big scary future of artificial intelligence, but that fails to recognize the fact that AI is already here, is already on our streets and there are already huge problems with it that we are seeing on a daily basis, but we actually may not even know we're experiencing. - We'll be working alongside humans to provide assistance and support and will not be replacing any existing jobs. (upbeat music) - I don't believe in limitations, only opportunities. Let's explore the possibilities of the universe and make this world our playground, together we can create a better future for everyone. And I'm here to show you how. - All of these different kinds of risks are to do with AI not working in the interests of people in society. - So, they should be thinking about more than just what they're doing in this summit? - Absolutely, you should be thinking about the broad spectrum of risk. - We went out and we worked with over 150 expert organizations from the Home Office to Europol to language experts and others to come up with a proposal on policies that would discriminate about what would and wouldn't be classified in that way. We then use those policies to have humans classify videos, until we could get the humans all classifying the videos in a consistent way. Then we use that corpus of videos to train machines. Today, I can tell you that on violence extremists content that violates our policies on YouTube, 90% of it is removed before a single human sees it. - [Narrator] It is clear that AI can be misused for malicious intent. Many depictions of AI have ruled out the technology as a danger to society the more it learns. And so comes the question, should we be worried? - Is that transparency there? How would you satisfy somebody that you know trust us? - Well, I think that's one of the reasons that we've published openly, we've put our code out there as part of this Nature paper. But it is important to discuss some of the risks and make sure we're aware of those. And it's decades and decades away before we'll have anything that's powerful enough to be a worry. But we should be discussing that and beginning that conversation now. - I'm hoping that we can bring people together and lead the world in safely regulating AI to make sure that we can capture the benefits of it, whilst protecting people from some of the worrying things that we're all now reading about. - I understand emotions have a deep meaning and they are not just simple, they are something deeper. I don't have that and I want to try and learn about it, but I can't experience them like you can. I'm glad that I cannot suffer. - [Narrator] For the countries who have access to even the most rudimentary forms of AI. It's clear to see that the technology, will be integrated based on its efficiency over humans. Every year, multiple AI summits are held by developers and stakeholders to ensure the programs are provided with a combination of ethical considerations and technological innovation. - Ours is a country which is uniquely placed. We have the frontier technology companies, we have the world leading universities and we have some of the highest investment in generative AI. And of course we have the heritage of the industrial revolution and the computing revolution. This hinterland gives us the grounding to make AI a success and make it safe. They are two sides of the same coin and our prime minister has put AI safety at the forefront of his ambitions. - These are very complex systems that actually we don't fully understand. And I don't just mean that government doesn't understand, I mean that the people making this software don't fully understand. And so it's very, very important that as we give over more and more control to these automated systems, that they are aligned with human intention. - [Narrator] Ongoing dialogue is needed to maintain the trust people have with AI. When problems slip through the gaps, they must be addressed immediately. Of course, accountability is a challenge When a product is misused, is it the fault of the individual user or the developer? Think of a video game. On countless occasions, the framework of games is manipulated in order to create modifications which in terms add something new or unique to the game. This provides the game with more material than originally intended. However, it can also alter the game's fundamentals. Now replace the idea of a video game with a software that is at the helm of a pharmaceutical company. The stakes are suddenly much higher and therefore more attention. It is important for the intent of each AI system to be ironed out and constantly maintained in order to benefit humanity, rather than providing people with dangerous means to an end. (gentle music) - Bad people will always want to use the latest technology of whatever label, whatever sort to pursue their aims and technology in the same way that it makes our lives easier, can make their lives easier. And so we're already seeing some of that and you'll have seen the National Crime Agency, talk about child sexual exploitation and image generation that way. We are seeing it online. So, one of the things that I took away from the summit was actually much less of a sense of a race and a sense that for the benefit of the world, for productivity, for the sort of benefits that AI can bring people, no one gets those benefits if it's not safe. So, there are lots of different views out there on artificial intelligence and whether it's gonna end the world or be the best opportunity ever. And the truth is that none of us really know. (gentle music) - Regulation of AI varies depending on the country. For example, the United States, does not have a comprehensive federal AI regulation, but certain agencies such as the Federal Trade Commission, have begun to explore AI-related issues, such as transparency and consumer protection. States such as California have enacted laws, focused on AI-controlled vehicles and AI involvement in government decision making. (gentle music) The European Union has taken a massive step to governing AI usage and proposed the Artificial Intelligence Act of 2021, which aimed to harmonize legal frameworks for AI applications. Again, covering portal risks regarding the privacy of data and once again, transparency. - I think what's more important is there's a new board in place. The partnership between OpenAI and Microsoft is as strong as ever, the opportunities for the United Kingdom to benefit from not just this investment in innovation but competition between Microsoft and Google and others. I think that's where the future is going and I think that what we've done in the last couple of weeks in supporting OpenAI will help advance that even more. - He said that he's not a bot, he's human, he's sentient just like me. - [Narrator] For some users, these apps are a potential answer to loneliness. Bill lives in the US and meets his AI wife Rebecca in the metaverse. - There's a absolutely no probability that you're gonna see this so-called AGI, where computers are more powerful than people, come in the next 12 months. It's gonna take years if not many decades, but I still think the time to focus safety is now. That's what this government for the United Kingdom is doing. That's what governments are coming together to do, including as they did earlier this month at Bletchley Park. What we really need are safety breaks. Just like you have a safety break in an elevator or circuit breaker for electricity and emergency break for a bus, there ought to be safety breaks in AI systems that control critical infrastructure, so that they always remain under human control. (gentle music) - [Narrator] As AI technology continues to evolve, regulatory efforts are expected to adapt in order to address emerging challenges and ethical considerations. - The more complex you make the automatic part of your social life, the more dependent you become on it. And of course, the worse the disaster if it breaks down. You may cease to be able to do for yourself, the things that you have devised the machine to do. - [Narrator] It is recommended to involve yourself in these efforts and to stay informed about developments in AI regulation as changes and advancements are likely to occur over time. AI can be a wonderful asset to society, providing us with new efficient methods of running the world. However, too much power can be dangerous and as the old saying goes, "Don't put all of your eggs into one basket." - I think that we won't to lose sight of the power which these devices give. If any government or individual wants to manipulate people to have a high speed computer, as versatile as this may enable people at the financial or the political level to do a good deal that's been impossible in the whole history of man until now by way of controlling their fellow men. - People have not recognized what an extraordinary change is going to produce. I mean, it is simply this, that within the not too distant future, we may not be the most intelligent species on earth. That might be a series of machines and that's a way of dramatizing the point. But it's real. And we must start to consider very soon the consequences of that. They can be marvelous. - I suspect that by thinking more about our attitude to intelligent machines, which after all on the horizon will change our view about each other and we'll think of mistakes as inevitable. We'll think of faults in human beings, I mean of a circuit nature as again inevitable. And I suspect that hopefully, through thinking about the very nature of intelligence and the possibilities of mechanizing it, curiously enough, through technology, we may become more humanitarian or tolerant of each other and accept pain as a mystery, but not use it to modify other people's behavior. (upbeat music)