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Understanding Muscle Tissue and Growth
Sep 23, 2024
Lecture: Muscle Tissue and Hypertrophy
Introduction
Discussion on increasing muscle size and training principles for muscle growth.
Exploration of muscle physiology and characteristics of muscle tissue.
Difference between increasing strength versus muscle size.
Types of Muscle Tissue
Three types of muscle tissue: Smooth, Cardiac, and Skeletal.
Muscle fibers are muscle cells.
Smooth Muscle
Non-striated, involuntary, found in organ walls (e.g., digestive tract, blood vessels).
Controlled by the autonomic nervous system.
Grows through hyperplasia (increasing cell number) and hypertrophy (cell enlargement).
Example: Uterus increases in size during pregnancy through hyperplasia and hypertrophy.
Cardiac Muscle
Striated, involuntary, found only in the heart.
Does not divide; cardiac muscle cells grow through hypertrophy.
Damage (e.g., heart attack) leads to scar tissue, reducing contraction efficiency.
Skeletal Muscle
Striated, voluntary, attaches to and moves the skeleton.
Cannot divide but grows through hypertrophy.
Satellite cells aid in repair but have limited capacity.
Muscle Growth
Hypertrophy
Increased production of contractile proteins (myofibrils and sarcomeres) in muscle cells.
Leads to muscle size increase and potentially greater strength.
Training Principles
Resistance training stimulates hypertrophy.
Different goals require different training: Strength vs. Hypertrophy.
Strength Training
Follows powerlifting routines.
High intensity (high % of one-rep max), lower reps (1-5), longer rest (3-5 minutes).
Focus on compound exercises (e.g., squats, bench press).
Hypertrophy Training
Follows bodybuilding routines.
Moderate intensity, higher reps (8-15), shorter rest (60-90 seconds).
Combination of compound and isolation exercises.
Physiological Adaptations
Strength training improves nervous system coordination and motor unit recruitment.
Hypertrophy leads to sarcoplasmic hypertrophy (increased cell fluid), influencing muscle size but not proportionally strength.
Conclusion
Overview of training methodologies for strength and hypertrophy.
Importance of understanding muscle tissue types.
Encouragement for further exploration of muscle physiology.
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