Anatomy & Physiology: Histology Overview

Introduction

• Presenter: Dr. Ren Hartung
• Institution: Gleno Community College
• Topic: Histology of the human body tissues
• Focus: Identifying major features of tissues to recognize tissue types under different preparations and staining methods.

Key Tissues Discussed

1. Adipose Tissue

• Major Features:
  • Large, roundish white areas indicating adipocytes (fat cells).
  • Nuclei located on the periphery of adipocytes.

2. Blood Tissue

• Major Features:
  • Presence of erythrocytes (red blood cells) with lighter centers.
  • White blood cells stain bluish or purplish.
  • Presence of platelets, small staining structures.

3. Dense Regular Connective Tissue

• Major Features:
  • Wood grain appearance due to collagen fibers running in one direction.
  • Found in tendons and ligaments.

4. Dense Irregular Connective Tissue

• Major Features:
  • Collagen fibers running in multiple directions.
  • Found in skin along with other structures like hair follicles and sebaceous glands.

5. Bone Tissue

• Major Features:
  • Tree-ring-like structures called osteons.
  • Presence of osteocytes in lacunae.
  • Types: Compact and Spongy bone.

6. Cartilage

• Types:
  • Hyaline Cartilage: Smooth extracellular matrix.
  • Elastic Cartilage: Rougher matrix due to elastic fibers.
  • Fibrocartilage: Fibers run in specific directions, often in vertebral discs and certain joints.

7. Epithelial Tissues

• Types:
  • Pseudostratified Columnar Epithelium: Appears as multiple layers, cilia present.
  • Simple Columnar Epithelium: Single layer of tall cells, found in gut.
  • Simple Cuboidal Epithelium: Cube-shaped cells in a single layer, found in kidneys.
  • Simple Squamous Epithelium: Single flat layer lining structures like alveoli.
  • Stratified Squamous Epithelium: Multiple layers, may be keratinized or non-keratinized.
  • Transitional Epithelium: Lines urinary bladder, capable of significant stretching.

8. Muscle Tissues

• Types:
  • Skeletal Muscle: Long, striated cells with multiple nuclei on the periphery.
  • Cardiac Muscle: Branched, interconnected cells with intercalated discs, found in the heart.
  • Smooth Muscle: Non-striated, fusiform shape, single nucleus per cell.

Conclusion

• Focus on identifying major features to recognize tissues in various histological preparations.
• Encouraged to ask questions and provide feedback.