Transcript for:
Geothermal Energy in Indonesia

flowing non-stop. The path to clean energy has never been easier easy. Every step is full of tests. This is the blessing of geothermal energy. turn on village, moving dreams, even though the struggle never stops. H Hey. Hey. Hey. product Giant snakes and ladders with an environmental theme life. Fun and educational games that teaching children to love the earth while playing with the game board large size complete with pictures education such as planting trees, sorting waste, and save energy. Snakes and ladders This giant is a creative way to teach environmental awareness. Equipped with exciting missions such as collect plastic waste or save it animals. This game is suitable for school, community events, or family. Let's make learning about the environment a more fun. Now contact us at 081515618724 or visit Tunas Hijau ID Instagram. Giant snakes and ladders playing while save the earth. Giant ladder runner environmental theme. Fun game and educational that teaches children loving the earth while playing with complete large game board with educational pictures such as planting trees, sorting waste, and saving energy. This giant snakes and ladders is the way creative to teach awareness environment. Equipped with exciting missions such as collect plastic waste or save it animals. This game is suitable for school, community or family events. Let's make learning about the environment a more fun. Now contact us at 081515618724 or visit Tunas Hijau ID Instagram. Get out the giant stairs playing while save the earth. The boat's steadfastness. Many visitors enjoy the crater cheerfully. Geothermal energy is a sustainable source for our generation. People can walk to the crater to see the fire glowing blue. Geothermal energy is a mainstay for a successful energy transition. Peace be upon you and Allah be upon you blessings. Good afternoon. Regards prosperous. Hello. Om swastiastu. Name buddhaya. Greetings of goodness and mercy. Welcome to the national webinar 256 series geothermal blessing between hopes, challenges, and reality. For usefulness, blessings, and the success of this webinar, let us pray. Please pray. Prayers are sufficient. Indonesia has geothermal energy which is abundant and places it as one of the countries with reserves the largest in the world. This resource spread across various regions, especially in the ring of fire area which is rich in volcanic activity. Thermal power generation industry Earth or geothermal power plants have a strategic role in the energy transition agenda. Different with fuel-fired power plants fossil fuels, PLTP utilizes heat from the earth's bowels which are renewable and operate continuously throughout the year. The abundance of geothermal potential in Indonesia unfortunately is not yet fully cultivated. Until now the capacity newly installed utilizing part of small of the total existing reserves. Barriers such as limitations infrastructure, complicated permits, high exploration risk, up to lack of investor interest is a factor inhibitor. Together with the Indonesian Association of Geologists or IAGI, we will learn a lot about geothermal energy in the webinar national series 256 geothermal blessing between hopes, Challenges, and Reality. In the afternoon This Saturday, August 16, 2025 at 12:00 until 15.00 Western Indonesian Time with three great speakers, namely First, Mr. Yudistian Yunis as President Director of PT Geodipa Energi Limited Liability Company. Second, Mrs. Ir. Priami, M.Sc., PhD. IPM as a lecturer in the Department Geological Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, UGM. And third, Mr. Alviadi as Chairman IAGI Geothermal Field and team leader Geosins Global Kaisan Orka Indonesia. with my moderator Esterina Kristin Febianti Soeharto, women's finalist environment and students of State Senior High School 20 Surabaya. And I am Pertiwe Eka Putri Handayani daughter 2 environment 2020 and student State Senior High School 2 Surabaya. Okay, now we're going to listen. first the opening speech from Mr. STJ Budi Santoso as General Chairperson IAGI. Good afternoon, Mr. Budi. Happy afternoon, Mr. Wtiwi, Ms. Aster. I, how are you, sir, for today? This? Praise be to Allah I'm healthy. How are you, little brothers and sisters? moderator? Healthy. Thank God, K. Praise be to Allah I'm healthy. Thank God. Good, I'll give you a welcome straight away opening, yeah. Yes sir. Please. Okay, thank you. Bismillahirrahmanirrahim. Peace be upon you warahmatullahi wabarakatuh. You could say ee brothers and sisters all of this yes, maybe there are also participants the more mature ones are probably father and mother Teachers, perhaps or perhaps the supervisor. Ee this is an extraordinary happiness common for IAGI. Introduce yourself, name I am STJ Budi Santoso. I am the general chairman Indonesian Geologists Association. The Alli Geologinja Bond is an ee organization which ee consists of ee members geologist, geoscientist in which many people gather power which is in charge of em related matters, for example Sis If you guys know there is mining in there, coal mining, mineral mining or also geothermal, there is also oil and earth, there will also be engineers later create or build infrastructure like ee bridge like ee train fast in Bandung, Bandung Jakarta is like that, huh? Then there is also ee yang related to the geo-tourism the experts are members of the Association Indonesian biologist. Well, the content is geological experts Indonesia's background his education is geological engineering. There is also in geophysical engineering, there are also those who engineering, metallurgy, there are also colleagues from civil engineering and etc. So in the future, if you guys... want to be a geologist or experts who can ee learn and also contribute for Mother Earth in the fields I mentioned earlier mention that you can take a major or study engineering someday geology and geophysical engineering, oil mining and others. Well, after graduating, after becoming an ee professional staff in the company or in government becomes a lecturer or something others can join the Association of Experts Geology of Indonesia. Well, this afternoon we tried to present several speakers. Earlier, we discussed one of them Mr. Yudis. He is the president director of a company exploration and geothermal ee companies which exist in Indonesia. He will later convey what and how ee the industry. Then there is also Mrs. Dr. Priutami ee as ee one of the leading experts, the most female geothermal expert in Indonesia from Gadjah Mada University. He later will share knowledge to provide ee knowledge to all younger siblings wherever there are geothermal sources, how it was formed, and how I'll use it later. Then there's the last one later ee Mr. Alviandi or Mas Alviandi will convey how to search to do exploration is like that. Then continue how to use it. So hope we are still young brothers, that is I'm still at the learning level get the right information originating from the expert. We will talk in where is it located, how was it formed, how to find it, how utilise, how to convert it into electricity, what the problem is, and so on. Maybe what will happen to the younger siblings later? want to ask no need to feel ee I'm embarrassed to ask because of this a very good opportunity to get information or knowledge maybe ee's little brothers got it currently from ee social media. Possible there is a read ee on ee social media about what what is happening. For example there is this Why is there rejection from the community? ee only ee power plant geothermal. Even though it was mentioned earlier Geothermal energy is very important for ee as one of the sources of ee power plant which at the time this is when compared to ee ten electricity from other sources, for example from this fossil can provide more ee or ee produces negative effects that much smaller. It was mentioned earlier that there is new energy renewable ee there we talk later ee in Indonesia if you have ever hearing Mr. President convey us must be energy independent. Desire we can do it can be filled with wrong one of them is by utilizing geothermal energy. no need to go into further detail Thank you ee to ee brothers and sisters all especially from Tunas colleagues Green Indonesia. This is an activity which is very good if the right is there topics related to ee other things. For example, want to know this about coal, want to know about oil, curious about curious about ee coal or also want know more about ee ee activities processes that occurs in nature. how it was formed volcanoes, how they are formed Limestone mountains and others. Please later K IAGI we will send other sources to share knowledge to all the younger siblings. Now, the hope is that by the end of this session there will be there is an interactive discussion. The hope is that the younger siblings will also get information that really comes from the expert. something that God willing will happen very useful and we hope younger siblings can share with colleagues who may not be able to present this time and also can do that later used as a reference ee so yeah when reading the news that is less true or true this could be a kind of check and balance that this is what those who deliver are experts what is conveyed is something that is indeed it's really what it is, it's true conditions, according to the existing facts and science used to study and take advantage of it. Okay, little sister Ester and Adik Pertiwi ee colleagues ee thank you once again ee we say to our colleagues at Tunas HIV Indonesia. We also say thank you The name IAGI thanks Mr. Amin Widodo TS. Thank you to the resource person Mr. Yudis, then Mrs. Pri and Mr. Alviadi. Adi. Hopefully what we can that we will discuss today, what we learned today hopefully it can be very useful and bring blessings to us all. Accept love. Peace be upon you and Allah's mercy and blessings blessings. And peace be upon you, warahmatullahi blessings. Thank you very much to Mr. STJ Budi Santoso as General Chairperson IAGI has delivered the opening his speech and related introduction will the material we will discuss this afternoon today is about geothermal and geology. OK, we'll move on to the session the first one to be continued by colleagues My moderator is Esther. Hello. Good afternoon Mr. Yudistian. Okay, thanks for opening it. Good afternoon, Esther. Good afternoon, sir. How are you, sir? how are you today? Thank God I am fine. Ester and her other friends are healthy all of them, right? Eh, the answer right? Yes sir. Amen. Yes sir. Thank You. Yes Where does Ester go to school? From State Senior High School 20 Surabaya, Mr. Oh, from Surabaya. His budding friends green from where? Yes, sir. His friends from the green shoots Where have you been? Oh, from many provinces. Many provinces, sir. There are some from Kediri, some are from outside the city. Lots very. Okay, Good afternoon. Peace be upon you all. Peace be upon you. There are a lot of 223 224 participants. I Let me say hello first, sir. Mr. STJ Budi. Mr. STJ. Thank you, Mr. STJ. Thank you, Mr. Yudis. We create literacy for our children Here, Mr. STJ. That's right, sir. Thanks. Please, Ms. Ester. May I make a suggestion, Ms. Ester? Come on, sir, please Has Mrs. Pri Utami arrived yet, Mrs. Pri? Mrs. Pri is still on her way, Sir. Oh, on my way. Okay, ready if Oh, I see. So we ee we talk about geothermal, yes. Earlier, Mr. STJ Budi Santoso have delivered ee about ee what is geothermal. I actually want to say ee some of the films were actually all my brothers and sisters, all my children to see what geothermal is like. Geothermal is simple. Actually Who was that? Mother Earth, you opened it earlier that our country has many volcanoes yes. Our country has many volcanoes. If there is a volcano, it means there is heat. there yeah. Because of what volcano? Emitting heat energy. Well, energy the heat that is in the volcano if he comes out to the surface he becomes volcanic eruption or what he calls it eruption. If he doesn't make an eruption he so evusive, he just glides like like lava. But it was the heat that is in the bowels of our earth. So, how hot is it? Temperature the temperature under the earth's crust the temperature varies. Starting from ee the average temperature of the magma is up to 2,700 degrees Celsius. But that we talked about today that is hot What is ter What is the name? Ter uh what is it? ter ee it heats the surrounding rocks or ee I forgot the name, but it's not conducive what is it called he transmits his heat through the rock until the rock eventually ee becomes a heat source. Now, the heat source in this rock is this passed by water, yes. passed by water and then the water passes through the stone heat will be a boiling process. Has anyone seen it? If you are at home, your mother will tell you to do it boil hot water. If the water is hot is if the fire is magma ee then what place is it? place cook it, we say it is hot rocks and water in them. So in the end of the kettle we will what comes out is called wap. Okay. Well, from That was the beginning there. Well, if you have steam comes out, then that steam is what we use it as energy, as power. So, how's the steam? Okay, sir, do you have the PowerPoint? PowerPoint yeah. Oh my, it's me. I want to Just give me a movie for a moment, okay? Oh, okay, sir. Okay. I may share Didn't you share my screen before? Yes. Of course you can. Okay, I'll share my screen. Hehe. A moment wait a minute. Where's my screen? Okay, I share the screen. Okay, fine. Share Already. It already exists. This is actually something we can see together in this. Okay, yeah. Let's try to see geothermal. internal heat inside. Okay, so the heated stone was the one I told you earlier, the stone was heated by the magma or heat source usually we can do 3 drilling up to 10 kilometers. But in Indonesia because we have volcanoes then we can only do the drilling. day this is the range from 1,000 to 2,500 m or from 1 kilo to 2.5 kilos we just get steam or hot water which we will lift up to become e to drive the turbine. Okay, I keep going. Usually that came out from inside the well is hot water and steam. The one from the one three of the 10 kilos will come out if we drill it will come out water and steam. Well, in some countries hot water is appears at the bottom of the bottom of the pumped up it is usually for space heater. For if we are in Indonesia because we are tropical climate, we use air conditioning more yes. But in a cold country, in a cold country who have ice season, snow season, they sometimes it's necessary to be room heater. So the water is lifted heat upwards to warm room. Well, that heat source is what I what I meant earlier was magma and and so on. Yes, we are going up again keep going. Well, there is something called a heat exchanger. The heat exchanger is heat exchange exchanger. So ee hot water those that go up we put in place exchanger so that we can get the heat distribute it to the places we want need. There are also those whose steam is used for generate electricity. Well, this one You can see the steam from the left He kept going up and turning the turbine on in the middle here. This one in the middle here turbine yeah. Then later from this turbine the electricity is out. Enter the cable electricity will arrive at your house all. And then the steam that has passed it's put back in here, into the well. Okay. He says most likely geothermal exists is an area rich in mountains fire and rich with tectonics. Tectonics that's the connotation of the level of excitement active. Well, try looking at Indonesia. given a place that is not the same this movie? Indonesia is our place pinned the sign here given a sign that oh in our country there are many volcanoes and the tectonics are active then our place Indonesia ee there are lots of heat sources the earth though geothermal energy mix one of key advantages is reliability and consistent power generation which meaning it can provide base load electricity Well, let me repeat it a bit. Well, this geothermal today in the world it is of very little use. Take a look at that. This is really small compared to the one this grey is a power plant steam usually. This is the big steam Coal-fired power plants usually use coal this big one is because of the coal the mining method is easy and the price is cheap also relatively cheap yeah. Then the number two after that is gas here here. This gas is finished, maybe someone will other fuels, fuels like diesel, Yes, diesel, petrol is available here. Well, this geothermal is a little small just used. That's why Mr. President today this said, "Hey, we have that there are many volcanoes and our area is active tectonics. Should be the energy source our geothermal energy should be able to become ee "national resilience." This is what it means hold it. If the price of oil and stone today's embers are sold on world markets it suddenly went up in price, geothermal is not affected. Why? Because we take geothermal energy from that place is also at that point and we don't bring the heat or steam to everywhere so we take advantage of him so electricity in that place. Yes. So this is it today's geothermal picture requested by the President. Let's try geothermal energy becomes a source of energy for our national energy security. So if we take the geothermal heat, if there was no coal, we can the electricity still work or not House? Still. Can you still walk? Ee here we are ee what is our TV in our class is there still electricity? Still. But if we don't make it geothermal, so if gas prices and the price of fuel or petrol has gone up, wow we everyone has to pay a high price for electricity. Well, that's why geothermal becomes one of the ee required for maintain our energy capacity. He is reliable and consistent. It means he reliable and he is consistently there that place. Eh, this geothermal energy is included the category is renewable energy or energy renewable and if it can be renewed, then he will consistently always be there. So whatever the story we will be able to get ee energy ee heat earlier yeah. Okay, let's keep watching. Now, it can also be used as a baselot electrical. Now, The good thing about geothermal is because what we saw earlier was that from geothermal if we take it ee we drilled the well earlier from to a depth of 3,000 to 5,000 meters what we release is water vapor, right? steam or vapor. Well, if that's the steam we don't release CO2 like fuel. If coal has CO released. Hey, if you have petrol too releasing CO into the air. Geothermal is there a CO? There is. But small very. Very small. So it is relatively it was ignored, yeah. But there is a but no no no, it's as big as a rock coal ee gas and petroleum. Additionally drawn heat from the earth can. If done irresponsibly, lower the ground temperature below the surface. Thef costs for geothermal energy production is relatively high. Well, today all you little brothers and sisters, children all to get geothermal it is still cheap because we still expensive. Sorry I'm still expensive because we have to do research first. There is a lot of research. Someone said earlier Mr. STJ, please tell us if you want to understand ee geothermal yes you have to understand the science first. What is the science? Geo is in front or if geo is earth. So earth science or inside inside What? in the discipline of science is geology yang yang we yang we ee persevere. He is not enough in geology alone, he has geophysics again, he has another geimia. So ee all my brothers and sisters, all my children there are those who want to know about the earth, rocks in the earth and all its contents, but from ee's side physical properties, you can learn geophysics is the name. If you want learn earth with elements and components existing chemistry, you can learn her name is Geimia. There will be more later other, how to drill, how to learn how there are rocks in Below there will be other knowledge yes. Okay, Meanwhile that's what I want to convey geothermal issues. Hopefully all my brothers and sisters, all my children able to digest what geothermal is. The main thing is is like this, if we look at the mountain the fire has hot or white smoke coming out we see there is hot water all around We. Well, those are the signs of the area there is geothermal potential. Well, for how we what to do development and to utilize the energy later we have to do some ee studies earlier studies geology, geophysical studies, geo studies Geimia, there are more geomechanical studies, studies drilling and so on. The main thing is What for? for us to take the existing steam in the bowels of the earth so that we can raise him up and next steam up there later we use to rotate the turbine turbine electricity. If the electric turbine rotates then the generator rotates. If the generator rotates then the generator generate electricity and that electricity it will arrive at our homes later all. Yes, that's more or less Ms. Ester Earlier, I was the moderator. Hey Miss Mother Earth. That's all from me. We'll see you later chat while you ask questions. Already There are 11 people who raised their hands and said they wanted to ask but I leave it to Ms. Pertiwi and Ms. Ester. Oh, moderator Esther, right? Please. Okay, thank you sir for the explanation is in the previous video. Your explanation is extraordinary. Thank You. I will give summary of the video and explanation Mr. Yudian earlier. Geothermal energy which utilizes the earth's internal heat from radioactive decay and residual heat is a renewable resource that extracted through a drilled well using water and steam. As a source reliable energy with greenhouse gas emissions low glass. Geothermal energy offers great potential. However the development of this project faces challenges such as high initial costs and related environmental concerns release of certain gases. Even though, with responsible management answer, geothermal energy is the most widely developed in volcanic areas can be a stable source of energy and sustainable in the future. Good, I opened the question and answer session. Oh, that's a lot of people have picked up on that. hand. Well, Mesa Eko Putri from Airlangga Elementary School 1 please convey. unmute first, Mesa. Now, test Yes, Mesa has been heard. Peace be upon you and Allah be upon you blessings. Peace be upon you. Please allow me to introduce myself, my name is Mesa Eko Putri from Erlangga 1 Elementary School Surabaya number 18. Project achievements I reached approximately 4,000 plants aloe vera and i have adopted two villages to plant aloe plants crocodile and my target is in five village. My question, as environmentally conscious students, steps what little we can do to support the use of geothermal energy in Indonesia? Second, what is the motivation? Father to the finalists of Prince and Princess environment to continue to play a role in promoting clean energy like geothermal? Thank You. Okay, thank you Mesa for the question. I accommodate first formerly. Furthermore Ahmad Zafran Alhia. Oh, excuse me Mesa. I want to ask something. Could you please explain the attributes? what is your head? I use properties like this because Yesterday I attended a party event people. Wow, that's amazing. Okay. Wow, that's so cool. Okay, let's move on to proceed to the next question from Ahmad Jaan Alhalifi. Please. Peace be upon you and Allah be upon you blessings. Let me introduce myself, my name is Ahmad. List of Khalifi from SDT Alfan Palembang team 03. My question is which First, how to use it why is geometrical still used? the least? Second question, how to research steam from geothermal? Thank You. Peace be upon you warahmatullahi wabarakatuh. And peace be upon you, warahmatullahi blessings. Thank You. Alfi is from Palembang, right? I okay ready. Good sir. Next there is Alif. Raha Ataya, Literacy Team 3, SMP Negeri 5 Samarinda. Please. Good. Peace be upon you and Allah be upon you blessings. Let me introduce myself, my name is Alra Kataya from Literacy Team 3 of SMPN Negeri 5 Samarinda. I want to ask, what is the impact? main environment of geothermal projects? and how to mitigate it. Thank You. Okay. Okay, thank you to the questioners. Please answer sir the question is, yes. Thank you. Hey, who is this? Esther. Ee earlier Mesa. Mesa asked Mesa it turned out at his school What? Plant this, aloe vera. Now, Mesa's question was about aloe vera Sir, if we Sir's house. Huh? At home. At home. Oh, in that house, huh? he his project he has a cultivation project Aloe vera. Aloe vera cultivation. Okay, okay, okay. There are many ways to cultivate aloe vera its benefits. Well, now this is the table. If it's aloe vera, it depends on the table. what do you want to make it into? If he wants mesa dry it we can use it geothermal energy, yes. geothermal energy that we directly utilize mention direct use. However Usually we still need it mesa equipment. What equipment was that? Heat conductor or heat exchanger. There must be a heat conductor, we must continue must have a blower. Later the steam will be hot we pass to the head exchanger. Keep going we blow it with wind so that it hot wind comes out. Mesa, ever remember not at home if mom wants to dry your hair with a hair dryer? Well, more or less like that. We make a head exchanger, we blow air so the hot air comes out drying ee earlier ee what is it called? aloe vera that I want to cultivate. What product do you want to make? Aloe vera The dried ones can be like that, right? So ee interesting mesa mesa already want to try look at that ee. And then earlier that next question Who was that? Ee Alif to the third. Oh, Alhalifi yes. I asked earlier. Alhalifi who is from Palembang. Okay. Is there geothermal energy in Palembang? Khifi if I'm not mistaken. Oh, no, I've never seen that question before. Well, haven't seen it yet. Halifi has taken a bath is the water hot or not? Usually get used to independence usually it uses a shower. Use the shower, okay? Cooked at home, yes. Use a home heater, okay? Okay. So, here it is, Halifi. If Halifi wants to see the heat the earth is in the South Sumatra region The closest is in Rantau Dedap. Rantau Dadap is around ee Ling ee What is the name? That's right. Near Lahat in There is an area there called ee ee Rantau Dadap or ee Khalifi can go if again where are you going? to the volcano we can see there is steam coming out of from certain areas that can which is a sign of a volcano. Now, Khalifi's question earlier, besides where The method? So what was the question? Khifi, son? How to research steam from geothermal? Okay, researching steam. Well, the steam that comes out I'll be like this later, Teng. So we drill that was the first time the first time that we do we study geology first yeah. We study the rocks, we study ee geophysics, our rocks learn geography. Later we will study and look for it where do we think we want to be? do drilling. We drill there. Then we release the steam. So the steam is released, which we are examining is the first physical property of steam. for example what is the steam temperature, then what is the steam pressure? Well, now you know like that. Then the chemical composition, what chemicals are there? What's the sulfur? No? Is there iron or not? There is does it contain other metals or No. Well, you know. After we asked Again. We see steam coming out inside What was the content of the steam earlier? There is steam, there is hot water. how much water how hot it is, how much steam there is. Now, after that everything can be calculated so we can see how many tons we can use the steam per hour and how many tons of hot water can we use. Later you will study physics its name is thermodynamics what you learn ee the formula I don't know, you don't know, sir Have you studied at DSD? But later you study thermodynamics. Then you know, oh if the steam the temperature 200 degrees for example, he can rotate How many megawatts is the ee turbine worth? Well, just the steam after we examine it, know its physical and chemical properties, we just made something called a generator we arrange the electricity. Oh, this is it the steam contains sulfur. If it's sulfur easy to make ee rust or corrode. This means that our turbine metal material is make it something that is equally rust-resistant He doesn't rust easily, kid. If it rusts it is easily damaged. So can't use it. Well, after we know that we just put it together and new then we put it down everything and we let the steam flow. so be electricity. More or less like that's it. So ee the research is quite long dear. That's why Heeh. that's why Halifi studied physics, chemistry, mathematics yes. Then if for the environment also see or not can be thrown away carelessly. So if the steam has been used up, right? the water. The water cannot be thrown in regular gutter or multiplied it must be put back into the bowels of the earth or injected. like Kalifi when injected or injected by a doctor and put it back in into the body or into the bowels of the earth. Is that so, Alifi? the ways. Okay. That was the last one to ask Who was that just now? Rahya, huh? Rahya, huh? Who? Alif. Raha. Alif. Alif. What was that? Ask about mitigation? Yes sir. Okay. What about Alif's environment? Alif like this. Alif has seen the mine before Not yet, Rif? I have, yes. Well, if it's geothermal we don't open the land too much big, we're not just small. Ee, Raha e Alif in which area where do you live, son? Samarinda, sir. Samarinda. Oh, Samarinda. That means you often see Of course, oil wells. Often see, huh? I Ah, isn't he just dripping with oil? Just. He is not a mine like Alif If you look in Kalimantan, Alif sees open coal mines all over the land is opened up big, right? If it's hot the earth is just stabbed like an Alif model look ee what oil wells. We'll drill the oil well later steam comes out from the bowels of the earth so that later the steam is channeled to generator. So the question is the effect the environment is there or not if it's just ee That box is all for the well? There aren't any, right? No no no as much as if we opened a stone mine the coals above. Well, so ee actually opening geothermal because earlier the depth was indeed deep in him depth of 1500 to 3000 m, then the what we need is above the surface land to drill into so that we can bring the steam up. Well, is there any risk mitigation? environment? There is. If the steam is raised to above, then all when the steam has turned into water, all the water that was there before is gone may scatter on the surface of the earth. That's the government's rule, that's the rule the environment throughout the world is like that. All the steam and hot water that is in the from what we take from the bowels of the earth we can't throw it away surface. Instead we should put him back into the bowels of the earth so that nothing is scattered, no there is nature that we damage to it. Well, if people say, "Oh, geothermal This is corrosive or whatever." Yes. If we live nearby volcanic crater. If the crater of the volcano You like to smell the smell of sulfur, right? it's not nice at all. Well, that's it is the air released by nature so that he sometimes cause ee what are the roofs of our houses those made of zinc rust easily. That is a natural phenomenon. Not what we we do drilling. If we the drilling that you said earlier was not done we may throw away something. We must put it back into the bowels of the earth. That government regulations and that government we are very strict. He takes care of the environment it can't be damaged. Well, geothermal or geothermal requires environment. What this means is, if we don't have a dense forest, yes, which can withstand rainwater that falls, then the rainwater if there is no forest, then there is no water the rain poured down, he went straight in the river is immediately discharged. But if there is the forest, then the water that falls in the forest will goes into the bowels of the earth and adds volume of water below. Well, if the volume the water increases below then the steam add more right. Well, that's it the importance of nature. That's why geothermal energy geothermal is very missed ee nature that remains green. He doesn't will want to cut down as many trees as possible Possible. No. Because he is the one the small land that Alif used to be is needed look like in Samarinda only like oil wells. More or less That's right Alif. Another mitigation is if we are faced with H2S gas, gas there is a way to poison it. usually we we use our blower a big fan to get the H2S immediately ee reacted with e with the surrounding air so that the levels are lower and we have certain limits, the limits of what we are allowed to do breathe. From there we have to carry out evacuation to secure secure yourself for safety. But until today things like that usually the government is ready for us have a mitigation system. Later Alif ee can you browse using AI or using What. How is mitigation? the dangers of toxic gases for entrepreneurs geothermal. There will be a way there. Alif can see it. Okay, thanks Alif. Okay, thank you sir for the answer. True, true, true. Here's a question from YouTube, live YouTube from Ahmad Syaupi from MAN 2 Tabalong. Okay. That's how far the geothermal project is causing conflict between communities who supports and rejects the project the. And from Azzahra Azmi, why geothermal energy is considered as one of the natural blessings that are beneficial to humans and the environment? Please answer, sir. Okay, thanks. So, here's how it is, son. Hey, why is there such a thing? social conflict? Ee usually ee usually there is input which is not appropriate. So the understanding that given or existing literacy that's you as ee students and children the school should look at it carefully. Well, sometimes there are parties certain ones who try see ee what geothermal is from an angle which is not appropriate. Here are some examples simple yeah. Ee the question is for example like this, gadget beneficial or harmful? For people who see that gadget dangerous, then he will say, "Gadget dangerous. Gadgets are dangerous, no? can be used for all kinds of things. But for people who use gadgets wisely, gadgets are a source of inspiration, a source knowledge, source of knowledge, source of everything kind, right? Well, that's all that remains we children must all be able to build looking for the correct narrative. Now, Today the green shoots are good building literacy like this so that You guys are good at filtering, you know, see, sort out points of view. Like you said earlier, gadgets people can say it's dangerous, people can say it's dangerous say benefits. We just have to see Where is it. You know best, you who can control, you who most understand how to use gadgets. Which happy playing games yeah time is up for playing game. He forgot to study, forgot to shower, forgot to pray, forgot to forget everything he forgot because the game is fun. But for those who studying, he is busy looking for lessons, he is having fun looking for literacy, he's having fun and adding to the discussion he is getting better and better and increase your knowledge Good. Well, that's more or less it. Well, that what were those two, Esther besides besides besides misunderstanding? Well, this is from Azara Azmi. Why is it hot? earth is considered as one of the natural world? Yes, that man. Okay. So, why geothermal? Yes, Darling. What a blessing because he is energetic. This energy is very much needed. Today try to see this world quarreling is generally a matter of big fight over energy sources. Thank God we live in Indonesia This is a very rich country. We have oil, we have coal, we have abundant geothermal energy. the content is how are we ready to manage that, how we can take advantage of that. Because not all countries do that has natural resources such as Indonesia. Come on, let's see what just simple. For example, where do we look? the closest one? Next to the country neighbor put Singapore. Singapore do you have a volcano? No. He do you have a coal mine? No. small country, as big as Bekasi city maybe the place, but he doesn't have one natural resources. Well, we are very rich natural resources. We can have ee large area of land to utilize sunlight sun. We have a big mine with various contents. There is coal, there is nickel and so on. And that interesting is Indonesia is determined by ee International Geothermal Association as the center world's geothermal resources. Why? Because 40% geothermal sources that exist in this world located in Indonesia. Because of Indonesia we often hear this at school is the meeting of two plates. the Pacific plate and the Asian plate as well there is the Australian plate underneath. So that in many areas of Indonesia once a volcano and if there is a mountain fire means lots of heat sources We. All you have left are my children all of you how to learn about utilization of natural resources. Yes, earlier Mr. Bambang SJ said biology is one of the its parent, mechanical engineering too, electrical engineering too, right? Oh what else now we have AI, wow, even more fast, more awesome. And here it is our blessings Indonesia. Word of the day tomorrow we celebrate our August 17th 80th year 20 years from now. You you are the ones who are all of this there is in this green shoot literacy. If 20 years of golden Indonesia 100 years 100 Esther's Independence Day Esther High School now yes son yes means means 16 17 if you add another 20, it's still the same very-very great Ester will be my future so did the others still in elementary school ee we we me Mr STJ definitely I hope you guys will be able to do it later utilizing Indonesia's natural resources who is very, very rich and prosper this country. Maybe from I used to be, Ester. Please. Okay, thank you sir. Continue to The next questioner is Aldif Fauzan, team from team 2 of SMP Negeri 1 Panji Situbondo. Please convey Aldif. Okay, thanks for the opportunity. Peace be upon you and Allah be upon you blessings. Peace be upon you. Let me introduce myself, my name is Al Fauzan Aziz from team 02 SMPN 1 Panci Situbondo. Here I will give two question. First, if energy Geothermal energy is renewable, why is that? many people still use petroleum and coal? The second question, hot The earth can make electricity, but can it? can also create problems for the environment around? That's all the questions from me, less moreover I apologize. Peace be upon you and Allah's mercy and blessings blessings. Peace be upon you. And peace be upon you, warahmatullahi blessings. Thank you Aldif. Carry on to the Pelita team of SD number 2 Mengwitani Bali. Please. Let me introduce myself, I am Bayu from the Pelita SD team. number 2 MUIani Bali. My question is What are the uses of geothermal energy? leaving enough carbon emissions big for the environment? Thank You. Thanks. Thank You. Continue to the SPEN Maju literacy team. Still in dimasi. Please unmute first. Yes, please SP come forward. Okay. I can't hear his voice. Okay. Okay, there was a brief technical issue. Thank you for the opportunity that has been given given to us to ask. We are from the literacy team 01 of SMP Negeri 57 Surabaya. Okay, our question is here. How is the conflict of interest between environmental conservation, energy needs, and economic interests can be analyzed in geothermal projects? Thank You. Thank you to the questioners. Please Mr. Yudistian answered the question. Wow, this is great from SPEN Maju the question. Extraordinary. Great you guys are critical. Okay, I'm one by one first yeah. Aldif asked earlier. Aif earlier ask why ee if he if Is this geothermal good? Is this geothermal good? why why still use coal use use use oil like that, yeah ask Aldif, okay? So, here it is, Aldif. Ee if we want to prepare electricity, Electricity is the state's job, right? the state must prepare electricity for its people, then the state will provide electricity at a reasonable price cheapest first. Well, the cheapest one today is coal, son. Because coal is sufficient cheap because it's easier for us get coal. Number two more coal is quite expensive is ee gas. Gas is already more expensive expensive than coal. Well, that next there is more that we have for example hydroelectric power plant water it was expensive at first because he have to build dams and all sorts. Like we want to make a place to live the building is big. Well, that's the number next expensive. But if it's a hydroelectric power plant or water if it is for a long time 30 this year it can be cheaper than stone coal. Well, geothermal energy has already been explained conducting the investigation is necessary one time. Need time. Second, if we want to do the drilling drilling depth 1000 1000 1500 maybe, son. Up to 2,500. and the drilling price is very expensive. How much is it? Today more or less if Mr. put it at around R million. No Rp. 6 million but 6 million dollars. If 6 million dollars approximately almost 90 billion one well. So expensive. So but if we got a lot, got a big one, we can get cheap energy. So, how do you get geothermal energy? cheap? So it must be done numerous studies and this takes time. But the community we or the residents can't waiting too long because we are there other cheaper and more renewable energy it's easier for us to make electricity. So there's a sequence, son. Where We try the cheapest one first. But the President said, "Gothermal must be for SUA Sembada." Yes, today here we start to lift geothermal so he can climb. So that later if what price was that? Batuara goes up, ee price gasoline is expensive, we have geothermal energy it has nothing to do with coal gas. Well, later, God willing, Aldif was already an adult. Aldif Now elementary school, right? Oh, junior high school, already 12 year means that. It's been 12 years. Now, in 20 years, Aldif. Means I'm already 32, 35. Hopefully it's finished the lecture is finished e it's finished researchers to utilize geothermal energy. Okay, that's ADF. Thank you Aldif. Well, that next one from Mangwi. Where were you earlier? Where? Simple Elementary School. Ah, since elementary school, yeah. Yes, it asks questions Was that Esther from Mengui? Well, next there is something else What was it like earlier, which elementary school was it from? Sniffing. Oh, yes. Lamp. What was that? the question, son? My question is, is the utilization national earth energy leaves emissions carbon that is large enough for the environment? Okay, fine. Excellent. Geothermal is the smallest one leaves a trace CO2. What is the highest CO2? Coal. CO2 number 2 highest what after coal? Gas. Yes, right? Which after that the higher one ee less than that what? fuel yes. Well, the earth's banas are already small once but there is no CO2 where? Sun, wind, water. That's because he doesn't have CO2. Now, How do you deal with CO2? CO2 day now we have a name called technology the carbon capture or CCU. So, ee all the energies that are in produces CO, CO2, CO2 usually can be caught. Now the CO2 arrested. Later the CO2 will be because of us take it from the earth's core, then the CO2 we put it back into the bowels of the earth so that it doesn't escape into the atmosphere which causes the greenhouse effect and global warming, huh? So hot the earth has the least CO2. Okay. Well, the last person who asked was who was the last one? Literacy team Who? Was Esther the last one? Oh, super advanced literacy. What was the question you guys asked? Son repeat my question is, how is the conflict? interests between conservation environment, energy needs, and economic interests can be broken down into geothermal projects? Well, you are really smart, aren't you? your question. Extraordinary. This the question is if you get it Usually the forum is an expert forum usually those who ask this question already know let's start. Okay. We said we wanted to clean energy, we want economy, cheap price, we want environment. There were three that you mentioned earlier bring. Now let's look at the coal expensive, cheap? Cheap. The environment How? he opened a mine, the environment needs high attention, yes. Then how is he socially? Socially, because the mine is open, then the community is affected. But that's how it is we want to get cheap energy, yes we do have to sacrifice the environment and sometimes social. Now what do we want to say? Oh, we want the social one or not hit. Okay, so if it's social it doesn't matter, we'll see oh Solar Power Plant yes, for example, solar power plants, then he ee cheap or not today, just so-so not too cheap either but in terms of utilization you can take advantage of it when if the sun is only up from 10 o'clock morning until 00 noon only. If since morning until dawn you guys haven't can't get the energy yet. If it's already evening, it's already evening prayer too can't. Can the wind blow? Wind may be cheap but it is not reliable. The price may be cheap but he is not reliable. Well, now that's what we Look. So, how is Panas Bubi? geothermal position? Oh, that geothermal the price is still expensive but the environment is good at least. ng ee apa berimpak ke environment, but social it also hasn't changed much, but he expensive because it is still expensive. Well, now our job is that we learn okay, let's do some research enough so that the earth's heat it is good both environmentally and socially socially we just have to cheapen him with all ee research people so that the cost of utilization becomes down, so it's cheap. That's more or less the team literacy spend forward. You guys have to get ready to learn to understand heat earth so that later if we want utilizing geothermal energy, like before Dad said we have to drill it. expensive up to 90 billion but if you guys you could say it's down a bit from 90 so 60 billion. Wow, that's possible later you smart ones will make ee the most drilling method economical. ee what method? Method the most accurate research. Now, so it doesn't fail more or less that's it. So we compare it. I understand now, right? Sometimes we get the same price cheap but the environment is getting worse victims, the social also becomes a victim or we get good social ones but not necessarily economically priced cheap, he can be expensive in all sorts of ways. Now, that's more or less it and earlier you already convey geothermal position. Geothermal or geothermal. Today we are together waiting for all of you to attend here, who attended the webinar These Green Shoots, you have the spirit for us to develop together geothermal for our future better. Maybe it's Esther. Please. Okay, thank you sir for your answer. which is very extraordinary and that was it is the last question. Then the session The second will be guided by my colleague, namely Sister Pertiwi. Okay, thank you for the presentation. SAT session by Mr. Yudistian Yunis. This time we will continue to the du session namely with the next resource person namely Mrs. Utami, MSc, PhD, M. as lecturer of the Department of Geological Engineering, Faculty of UGM Engineering. Good afternoon, ma'am. Good afternoon, Pertiwi and friends. Good afternoon, Mr. Yudistian, Mr. Amin also, Mr. STC Budi Santoso, Mr. Zamroni and others and all younger siblings. Okay, how are you this afternoon ma'am? Today? Oh, good health, Mrs. Pri. very happy, happy once because I saw Mrs. Pri, Mrs. Pri and Mr. Yudis, little Mr. Yudis is here. Yes, ready. Thank you ma'am for pleased to attend and would like to present the material. Okay, ee, please go ahead. started, ma'am. Okay, I'll share my screen, okay? Ready, ma'am. Yes, just a moment. Okay, the inside yes. Have Mrs. Pri's slides been done? can you see it, kids? Ready. Okay, ma'am. Ok, it is finished. Okay. Later, there will still be a lot of things covered up very. Well, now I'm okay set to slide show. Well, I got it This is an assignment from the Chairman of IAGI, sir. Budi Santoso to explain why Indonesia is rich in geothermal energy. Mrs. Priak was late earlier, I apologize. but I had time to follow the presentation, sir Yudistian. There are also lots of materials which sir has already explained Yudis. So later Mrs Pri won't be ee repeat again if anyone has already done it explained by Mr. Yudis. But not unavoidable, still visible inside Mrs. Pri's slides. Okay, yeah. Hey this in this picture on the right, yes if you see it. It's there one example of a geothermal field in Indonesia. You already said that earlier there yes, that in the geothermal field especially now in Indonesia being developed it is in near the volcano and in it emits white steam, yes steam that white and the steam was so hot that in the earth. Well, then what has been done Of course it will be okay to go out later will ee together with the air yeah. ee but the ee is hot from inside the earth that's what Mr. Yudistian said earlier say take the hot water or the steam will be used for ee generate electricity. Well, we later here will see if it's just which is near the volcano and is it true just for the power plant. It turns out that Mr. Yudis had already said that many also know what the benefits of geothermal energy are others are not just for awakening electricity. Well, let's take a look at this first. This map was officially issued by the Indonesian government, yes, by Ministry of Energy and Natural Resources Mineral. Well, this map shows ee The Indonesian archipelago, yes. You see there is Sumatra, Java, Kalimantan, Sulawesi, etc. But, Ma'am, why now? What are those bumps? Oh, There are signs of these bumps Yes, there are green ones, there are yellow ones, there is a red one. That is ee what? geothermal prospect locations. Which This red is generally the one with the spots red-red generally already have power plants, geothermal energy. Well, if it's still yellow, it's still green, right? or even still purple, oh this is still need a lot of research. Well, ma'am Pri is very happy because with the abundance of geothermal resources owned by our country, it turns out Indonesia has younger siblings now still small, still small, but have initiated a hot seminar earth. This is what will happen later developing Indonesian geothermal energy. Ready, little brothers and sisters. Are you ready? Ready. Wow. Yes, ready. Come on, let's see again yes. Why is this freezing? Ah, this. Keep going Hey, Mrs. Pri wants to tell a story if you have ee what is the geothermal potential that many are indeed the government what have we done? Wow, since before We were independent before, right? colonized or colonized say so yeah by Dutch. Well, the Netherlands also used to do that peeking, wanting to take advantage of geothermal heat as done by Italy. But luckily he hasn't take advantage of it. But in 1918 until 1929 they have tried it, they have the hot steam came out successfully. Profit yes we are then independent yes, we can ee manages natural resources themselves We. Well, there is a picture of a red flag. white 1945. Our government moving fast huh from year 9. Oh my What year was 9? Maybe mom you weren't born yet. Well, that's it our government has developed or explore, search for all geothermal potential that exists in Java, Sulawesi, Bali, Sumatra and so on and so forth. Of course because our country had just become independent at that time Of course, the government wants it to be fast to ee get a source of energy electricity other than fuel. Therefore that sought at that time was geothermal sources that the temperature is high so it is easy to generate electricity with the technology available at that time. Well, then the world will develop. Smart people are increasing in number, research more and more. Eh, it turns out it doesn't have to be only the high temperature ones can be developed for power generation electricity at a moderate temperature or even low in other countries Of course it can be done with certain technology. Now, then our country rose starting in the year 3 we look for prospects that no the temperature is high but so-so. in Sumatra there is, Nusa Tenggara, in Kalimantan, in Java, in Maluku there is. So amazing yes. Up to now we have has 19 thermal power plants earth. But again generally new carried out in existing places on the Volcano where the hot resources are the earth has a high temperature. Okay, this is self-explanatory. the slide. Okay, next. Now ee please I'm sorry if it turns out that sir Yudistian has already explained. But Mrs. Pri wants to remind you the lessons you have learned get it, maybe in junior high or high school don't forget it, okay? This is the left side there is a picture of the earth. This is what you see from space it's like that yeah. Try if we split the earth. We split it the deepest, the middle we have the earth's core. The earth's core has an inner core, there is outer core. yes, the combat is very high, yes starting from 3,800 up to 5,000 degrees Celsius. Oh, Mrs. Pri I can't imagine what it would be like we're going into the core of the earth, yeah. Then in outside there is something called the earth's mantle yes. The mantle is there, ee, there is a mesosphere, there is the asthenosphere there. The temperature is also high once 1400 to 3800 degrees Celsius. It's scary, isn't it? Yes. Then lithosphere or earth's crust. Earth's crust There is a place where we stand the temperature is 0 degrees, there are some whose temperature is 1400. Oh my, where is it? Yes, 1400 degrees Celsius. those are the places in where the magma comes out directly from inside the earth, out to the earth's surface the temperature can reach 1400 degrees Celsius. Yes, for example if you go to Hawaii yes, there are tourist attractions there magma. Well, that magma is really high. the temperature. Well, but yeah definitely must be safe yeah. You can't just do it any old way it went viral like that. Then we'll see. Then if the place is hot like that in the earth, then what's there Just? It turns out there is heat transfer. The younger siblings have learned their lesson physics or heat transfer, you know? Yes, ma'am. Hehe. Already know there is heat transfer by conduction. Here's an example from the core earth to the mantle. for example, yeah, this one, yeah heat transfer occurs conduction. Then in the earth's mantle There is something called ee or ee convection is the transfer of heat by ee mass movement. So the mass is in here is the magma mass. Well, magma it keeps getting hotter and hotter. There are some are colder, some are hotter. Now, the colder ones go down, the hotter goes up. Thus. Then later it approaches the earth's crust There are lots of holes there, right? there are holes in the form of faults or fractures or there is ee kepundan-kebunan gunung volcano. Well, that's where the mouths of volcanoes are. it also helps heat transfer. the name is heat transfer by advection namely heat transfer accompanied by mass movement in one direction dominant like when a volcano erupts That's a bomb, that's how it goes up there. Now, that's the story. So our earth it's really hot inside. Then the outer core, the inner core. Then What? Mantle, Earth's crust. It's hot, isn't it? the biggest. that is ee percentage geothermal heat flow in the lower mantle. Then go up again there is a coat up and down to the crust there is still some geothermal flow. Then we see then where do we come from? How can it have such great heat? yeah, how long was it? 5,000 more yeah. Well, the earth didn't exist before yes, when it was created first. Then that in the form of gases, then what is it called? The gases combine, then there begins to be solids and so on, there are liquids and and so on. When was that? 4.5 billion years ago. Oh, if it's money 4.6 billion is still calculable, right? What about that year? That is ee geologists, especially experts historical geology finds rocks the oldest on earth. So from it is thought that the earth was formed around 4.5 to 4.6 billion years ago Then. Was that when dinosaurs weren't born? See, brothers and sisters, look here the dinosaurs. Dinosaurs are new yesterday, maybe how many? 140 million years ago, right? nothing yet about the history of the earth. Then ee horse, rhino ee what is it tiger and human. Oh, just yesterday This human is new here. So we not yet born, God has already given us energy source supply, namely heat energy earth. Well, then the coat and crust The earth contains elements radioactive too. There is uranium, there is thorium, there is potassium. Well, when they decay yeah ee they decay into ee other radioactive elements are ee they give off that heat and heat stored by the earth. So amazing Yes, God's gift to us. Then if that's the case, is the heat from In the earth, is it scary or useful? Is it scary? which is scary yeah. For example what? It's scary when it's there When a volcano erupts, lava comes out yeah, what's the name of the thing that comes out, ee wedus homeless and so on. But like Mr. Yudistian said earlier, the disaster nature exists but mitigation exists. Now, we will not wake up a volcano or will not bring up the mountain another fire erupted like that. We later utilize the heat from the surroundings volcanoes that are no longer active explosive. But once again, Mr. Yudis I also said earlier, lots of people it got the information that oh scary geothermal. Well, even if there's no heat earth, we don't have anything called it Earth's magnet, you know. The earth's magnet formed because in the mantle there was convection, yes. Convection is like a dynamo like that. Moving around like this generates a magnetic field. So we become has a north pole, a south pole, and what is more important is that with the existence of ee the magnetic field is our atmosphere intact, right? our air doesn't jump there and jump here lost everywhere but still protect the earth. Well, then ee what ee the movement of heat within the earth moving the plates of the earth's crust or what is known as tectonic plates. Then ee give rise to volcanoes too. If volcanoes are considered scary, so we shouldn't live near the volcano pekepan yes. But if we live in its slopes, at its feet and obey what ee appeals not to do be active when the mountain is active, yes of course we can get benefits among others one can obtain stones can be used for building house, build a building. We can obtain fertilizing volcanic ash land and so on. Well, that more importantly there is an energy source sustainable yeah. It was explained earlier very clearly by Mr. Yudistian that is called geothermal energy. So if you see the picture in on the left, the earth's internal heat once again moving the plates tectonics, forming rocks. Now, because the plates are moving, yes, we have continental plates, tectonic plates the ocean is moving, yeah. Then in that's where the living creatures are distributed. Yes, just like younger siblings have That story, yes, why is there on the island? There are tigers here, but there aren't any on that island. the tiger. Well, that includes, among other things, tectonic events that are not ee allows tigers for example move from one place to another other. Well, that's what we see now next. Well, this is what it's called plates. Don't be confused, okay? younger siblings. This map is so confusing. No. Let's see who's still know Indonesia. Can you see what color Indonesia is? there? The one that's red. Hehe. There are some red ones, right? Australia and the Philippines. Above Australia and nearby Philippines. Then Kalimantan is visible gray. So this is not confusing, right? This still visible ee what? continents the islands are still visible that white. Mom thinks it's the ocean yes. Then why are there so many things like that? stitches like that? Oh yeah, this one this plate collision. Earlier Mr. Yudi I told you, there is the Eurasian plate, Europe and Asia. Then there is the plate Indo-Australia. It collides with each other in here. Well, then what is this color? red-red? That red color is to show a place with anomalies geothermal or thermal gradient anomaly earth. It means in those places the deeper we penetrate the earth the deeper we go it's getting hotter. Well, that other things, is the heat getting bigger or not? Yes, it's getting bigger. But the most highest or fastest increasing it's in areas where there are ee this redness. Oh, I see, younger siblings. Well, now let's see How come the heat can appear? surface? Well, this will be later if you have money Yes, go as far away as Hawaii for example here there is a volcano here in the middle of this sea. Well, this is the name hotspot. Well, here it comes out ee solitary volcanoes yes in the middle of the ocean. There are also Hopefully later someone will be able to go to college even to Iceland for example. There it is ee actually it is oceanic crust but it blooms and finally ee emerges become an island like that. So country. Well, Iceland is also rich in geothermal sources. Well, this one is it This colorful one is really cool this is our country, you know. Yes, right? Well, this one oceanic plates What? It's like that under the crust Eurasian continent. Then we have the ranks there are so many volcanoes. Well, we are rich in geothermal energy. Well, if we going to Africa who knows maybe you want a safari saw a lion like that ee already saw a lion who here wants to see the same lion giraffes in Africa. Oh, don't forget in that place there is a continental crust expansion. Well, so in Kenya, Ethiopia they also have geothermal resources. So what about the countries that there are no volcanoes? For example, kayaking China, like Europe, doesn't have ee active volcano. Oh, they still have geothermal energy. Why? Because in Under the continental crust they exist coat. The coat is hot. Well, this is hot heating the rocks in above it. So they still have resources geothermal power, but not that big our country. Well, then what? if the volcano is only high only but it doesn't erupt? What is it? There is Ah, that's in India, right? That India collision between the Eurasian continental plates with the Indian plate in the past past so. Well, there is also magmatic activity, yes. And here ee there is also geothermal in India. Very it's not as big as our country anymore. So Sir, it's true what you said earlier that ee country we were crowned as a country the largest in the world in terms of heat potential earth. Well, brothers and sisters, don't be surprised. It turns out your ancestors, my ancestors also it has utilized geothermal energy. Indeed, they do not generate energy electricity yes, but at least the princesses of the kingdom were already there bathing in hot water, a temple was built in there. There is hot water in it. For example, in Magelang, it's called Candi. Spring. Well, in East Java there is That's the one called Songgoriti Temple, right? And everywhere maybe in Bali too there is hot water, wherever in Sumatra and so on must be ancestors we already know that. Well, in Dieng Those stones come from where? From the ancient Dieng Volcano. Well, now there are many temples, the land fertile, but also a lot of energy geothermal. Well, Mr. Yudistian is the main director of a company geothermal companies, including managing the Dieng geothermal field. So, that's Indonesian human civilization it is actually determined by the conditions Indonesia's geology is rich in mountains fire and even those without volcanoes but the subsurface is hot. From there we build civilization or civilization. Well, Mr. Wild Doren said this is a person, eh the deceased philosopher said Civilization or what is it called? Civilization exists because it is controlled by geological conditions and can be sudden changed does not tell if humans that's not good at geology. So that's right, right? Mr. Yudis said you have to be smart. There are I'll study geology later, hopefully geothermal geology. Well, our little brothers and sisters Look, there's a map of Indonesia now enclosed with a blue line. What's that, Mrs. Pri? This blue line delimiting the exclusive economic zone. What does it mean? We Indonesians may seeking natural wealth, however as long as it is still within the zone limits exclusive economy. Then what, ma'am? What's the name? How come the island is like this? red, yellow, green, purple, blue, especially since there are those who are given triangles small, some are red, some are blue. What's that? Well, the red ones the triangles are the locations of mountains active fire on land. The blue one which is on the seabed. The dark blue one rooted from the seabed but already protruding above the sea surface. So we there are volcanoes that appear suddenly you can see the sea the snout is like this. Then the yellow one, Green, what is that person, ma'am? Oh, that's that are types of rocks or types of units or units geology. Maybe you don't need to, little brothers and sisters. confused about what the stone is, but what is clear is the types of rocks in Indonesia are very there are a lot. Yes, very much. And during What is this? We just have to focus yeah when developing geothermal, focused on areas with rocks a pink volcano. Then there must be someone nearby there volcanic cones. Well, Mrs. Pri I want to let you know. This is this. So, yes, if you have a volcano that no longer does ee erupt explosively, on the surface there may be something called fumarole, hot spring, yes, that's in underneath there is a heat source called ee magma. Well, that's where it is then above This magma is what is hot from This magma transfers its heat up to the sides. Now, if it is on the side or above it there is water, the water is heated and that's what becomes the hot reservoir earth. That's what we're going to extract or we use the heat. There was earlier Mengui's younger brother asked, "Is that right? eh geothermal energy will cause "emissions?" Mr. has already answered that earlier yes. There are emissions. Let's try to see what At the top is CO2, carbon dioxide. This geothermal is very small, very little green or light green. What does this mean? Each of us generating 1 MW of geothermal energy per hour The CO2 emitted is very little only 27 kg. Compare with coal almost 1 ton. It's scary, isn't it? Then if powered by diesel, generator electric, diesel power is still scary 550 kg only wants to get 1 MW hour of electricity. From gas also scary 1212. Oh my, if it's geothermama, it's only 0 or 20s or so. Then SO2 yeah those sulfur smells uh from the rocks in from coal-fired power plants coal power is very big meanwhile in geothermal only 0.16 or 0.1 or even 0. Then ee gas other greenhouses nitrogen oxides for example, there is no geothermal energy. Then solid particles are not very small there is no such thing as coal, it's ash how far does it fly? very high compared to geothermal That's it, kids. Well, this is what associated with volcanoes visible on the surface. Well, this is it Mrs. Pri gave me this blue block. potential but not yet developed. Which This is the same as before, right? That fire has been developed a lot in the area near this volcano. Or a bit far from our Mount Ai may have geothermal fields, but Geothermal manifestations are still small Oh, I see. But it's still okay, still have it the temperature is quite good for developed into a power plant. But at the root of the volcano, remember, the volcano has roots below too it was incredibly hot, huh? The temperature said to be super hot or super hot or if the scientists it says super criticism yeah, super critical, super critical. The temperature is higher greater than 374 degrees Celsius. This other countries, OK, it's already on research it. Even though we really want to What kind of volcanoes are there? But we don't have the funds yet, we don't have any yet priority research there but we has the potential. Yes. Then earlier Mother Pri has shown that Indonesia has volcanoes under the sea, yeah. that too in it there are also geothermal prospects. But once we haven't researched yet, we just found, oh so there is hot water from the bottom of the sea came out then there was yeah like a fumarole but in sea water. Well, that's a big sign. we have such potential. But once again the task has not been touched later yeah. Ester, Pratiwi, Ilham and etc. Okay, let's continue. Now, Here's an example of this sorry sorry not from Mexico yeah. Mother projection Formerly. this one is from Japan. Well, here it is from Japan this ee have they tried or drilling is not just up to ee 1.5 or 2 km, oh my, it's already more than 3 km and did they get that stone it's so hot. Well, that's if later there will be technology to take it the heat, wow, it's incredible. That's it, it's done It's not a matter of electricity shortages again like that. Then ee nih New Zealand we went from Japan to New Zealand yes. New Zealand has also done research beneath geothermal fields they. They are now researching with geophysics. They haven't drilled yet as deep as Japan, yeah. But their geophysics is very advanced. Study the chemistry in the laboratory too so advanced that they can guess, oh yeah yeah under the hot field our earth will be there later if we have money, yeah we drill it we get the heat that Extraordinary. So. Then, well this which is an example from Mexico. From Mexico ee Mexico has ee geothermal power plant same as us. But they feel ih It seems like we have some under the sea. Finally they researched and mapped it turns out there is one. Yes. Then New Zealand. New Zealand besides looking at under the volcano, they searched in underwater too. Well, this is it. This is the area New Zealand's geothermal energy. It turns out to the ocean there, the Pacific Ocean there are the Tongga Kermadex islands. It turns out there's ee what? Underwater volcanoes. There is its geothermal potential. Come on, let's not may lose yes. Hopefully later in your time those places too has been researched or you guys who research. Then there's this story, not yet Recently, Mrs. Pri went to Bangka Belitung yes, not for tourism, but for prove. Is it true or not that in places where there are no volcanoes it erupted, but the igneous rock those big ones, they can be there hot water. Oh, it turns out that's true. There, rocks the big one is called Pluton. It just so happens that the rock here is granite, huh. Granite is very rich in radioactive elements. Earlier in front It's been explained, yes, radioactive elements can cause heat. Well, that's right. It turns out there are lots of springs there heat, among other things, in this crack area. Then there are also those places hot water outlets around the coast Get down Aban. This is also not ours yet exploration with ee is complete like that. There is some research out there indeed, but haven't had time to prove it yet how big will it be that can be ee what take advantage of the heat. Because now we are still stuck on technology that right now. Later if there is any technology in the future this is definitely possible utilized. Well, then Kalimantan. Oh, Kalimantan. Why aren't you red? earlier ee other islands in Indonesia to neighboring countries too there are reds. Not Kalimantan. Well, it turns out the geothermal gradient is in Kalimantan is indeed lower yes compared to other places. If in There are still many in Sumatra and Java the red belentongs. In There are some in Sumatra, but not in Kalimantan. But it turns out it's still hot, kids. Here, there are many people who work in the oil industry found that yes ee like Barito field, Kutai, Tarakan, yes, and so on. the temperature is really high down there How deep is this surface? Well, kilometers, hundreds of meters It's already hot, huh? So amazing how hot the earth is Indonesia is very big. Well, so Earlier you said you could do it, right? power plants. So what should I do? if the temperature is not too high still possible for geothermal power plants? Its name is PLTP binary lah. Then if it's lower the heat can still be used for industrial processes. If outside the country can still be used for ee room heating. In our can be pumped it's hot for cooling the room. Then you can take a shower the temperature is low for bathing or to heat greenhouses, warming fish ponds. Possible on their high mountains no fish, but have heat earth. Of course you can make a fish pond warm so the fish live like in lowland. Oh, I see. So outside It's very common to see the benefits of heat earth. Well, Mrs. Pri wants to give you a souvenir. A little. This is where Mrs Pri ee used to go to school New Zealand, the center of people the world is studying geothermal energy. Well, the local people said with a very beautiful poem. But Mrs. Priri couldn't say anything in the Maori language, yes. But less more that want to say that please Sorry, it's almost finished, Mrs. Pri plug this in first, ee let's go. Well, what is it that we have to do? hold fast to our land. It means we must take care of our land, utilize it our land or earth. What for? For the glory of our children and grandchildren. Well, we are in Indonesia, they only want to use stones coal, oil, natural gas. Heh, even though our land or earth has energy renewable energy called geothermal energy. The previous emission was small, the benefits Lots. So what? Later we will have the sky is getting bluer, the energy is getting cheaper, not depending on anyone Oh, I see. Well, here it is in New Zealand they're in a small area, right? this is one of the places that's the name Kawerau. Well, in Kawerau that's ee the power plant has entered 25,000 houses. It's a small town indeed really like that. Then ee can be used to dry wood, build a factory tissue, chemical factory, milk factory. Hey, you guys like buying milk from us, right? New Zealand. Next time buy milk from Indonesia, yes. Pasteurized using What? Geothermal energy. Wow. Keep going New Zealanders don't have tomatoes, where? have eggplant or don't have. They the air was really cold, but now Have. How do you do it? yes they are build a greenhouse or greenhouse so warm that they are already Vegetables are really independent, aren't they? buy from us or from the Philippines have it yourself. Well, how come we don't? We can do it tomorrow, Sis. greenhouse but one that can grow fruit kiwi. Yes, kiwi fruit is a new fruit Zealand. No need to import anymore. We use geothermal heat to make it cool greenhoh. Okay, yeah. Then there the people don't like it they refuse because they know very useful. They know they have abundant energy, yes. Keep going then it can be synergized between those who farm with others generate electricity at the same time use geothermal energy. So what should I do? so as not to fight? Yes, here management. Then they were together determined to go towards zero carbon society. It means a free society carbon. Don't lose to New Zealand. Well, now the task little brothers and sisters when mother offers them here is a geological map of geology Indonesia has a lot of stones, the structure is very complex, the mountain There's a lot of fire, it's your job, brothers and sisters that proves it yeah. from the beginning not sure if there is geothermal energy, researched continuously until finally where the little brothers can be found geothermal. Once again, geothermal not only from volcanoes, no only what is visible below uh in surface below the surface that has not been it will be seen later with technology geology, geophysics, geology and others so on can find sources such as in Japan, in New Zealand, in Mexico, yes, not only on land but also at sea. Well, with so many geothermal potential on land and offshore in the sea there are those who are associated with geothermal heat, there is something inside the roots of the volcano, there is something hot not directly from magma but from radioactive yeah. There is also hot ee geothermal energy in rocks sediments and other rocks, not just volcanic rock, yeah. So with That's right, Indonesia can actually be independent energy, can have more air healthy and then contribute to climate change mitigation in this world. Yes, that's why everyone has to work together, must synergize from the start from us, students, yes, government, other employees, Farmers, indigenous people, groups all industries collaborate, yes. Not just looking at the geothermal ee as wealth. Of course, yes, it has happened rich, already know we are rich in heat earth, but how can this wealth be make us prosperous. What is it for? You need education, you need research, you need it technological development, it is necessary people like these little brothers and sisters, you know since I was little I've wanted to learn. Later learning is no longer just about what which is in Indonesia, but also learn about how other countries are developing geothermal energy that is not that's normal, you know. If it's a volcano, we are all smart. How come? what's it like under the sea, ee? its association with sedimentary rocks, how about the same thing as radioactivity? what about the roots of a volcano? and so on. Then we all the hope is that later the government will take sides with stakeholders especially the government is on the side of make ee breakthrough yeah for ee overcome existing obstacles in geothermal development. Very education is very important right now only geology, geophysics, geochemistry. lah Later, if you want to be a regent, I want to be governor, I want to be President, what should I do? Must who knows about geology and geothermal, who knows how ee sees wealth it will later become prosperity. Approximately That's how it is, kids. My time return it to Mbak Pertiwi. Accept Thank you. Thank you Mrs. Pri Utami for your presentation. the material is related to ee regarding why Indonesia is rich in geothermal energy. Yes, before we continue to the question session answer, allow me to convey summary of the material that has been explained earlier. Hey. So it was already run The first one was about introduction What is the structure of the earth like? So earlier there is the earth's core, mantle, and also the crust earth where the temperature is maximum up to 5,000 degrees Celsius. Then there was also ee some heat transfer namely the first is conduction, the second there is convection, namely the movement of based on the mass of magma in which If the magma is cold it will down and if it's hot it will go up. Then for advection it is heat transfer accompanied by mass movement in one direction dominant. Then the internal heat of the earth where is this actually from? The first there is residual heat from the formation of the earth since 4.6 billion years ago. Then secondly there is a whole of elements radioactive such as uranium, thorium, and potassium in the mantle and crust. Now, then behind the very hot earth ee maybe it's scary yeah we can say this has uses and benefits. So the first is being able to form a field magnet, the second moves tectonic or plate activity. Now, So the earth's plates move driven by mantle convection controlled by the earth's internal heat. Now, then for the third use is forming rocks and the fourth become a sustainable energy source namely geothermal energy. And then ee There was an example of the use of geothermal energy which has actually been implemented by Indonesia for a long time, namely for example, the first is a story Umbul Temple was founded in the 9th century Magelang. Then there was the matter of emissions. Emission This geothermal is very minimal produce what is called carbon ee dioxide, sulfur, nitrogen dioxide, and solid particles compared to ee others like coal. Then Earlier I also had the chance to share a story about Mrs. Pri regarding her visit to Bangka Belitung to prove that even though there are no active volcanoes there, but there are a lot of igneous rocks, right? can produce heat. So there can still produce heat even though there are no active volcanoes. Now, then there is the geothermal potential owned by Indonesia is located at many places on land and under water sea. The first is to associate with volcanoes. The second one is in in the roots of the volcano. The third associated with radioactivity in Granite pluton. Yes, so this granite has radioactive elements. And that the fourth is on the convexity sediment or other rocks. Well, with This abundance is found in various geological settings with high, medium, and intermediate temperatures. It is hoped that Indonesia can be independent energy, can have more air healthy, and can contribute to climate change mitigation. Okay, that's all summary related to the explanation of the material which has been explained by Mrs. Pri. Sorry if there is something wrong. We will continue with the question and answer session. Okay, here previously there was a question from YouTube first, namely from Bagas Hamizan. Peace be upon you. Let me introduce myself, I am Bagus Hamizan Rabani from SD Negeri 1 Lebak Goaah wants to ask, what are the factors geology that makes Indonesia rich about geothermal energy? And the one that second there is Didik Azhari. May I ask, is geothermal energy generation the cleanest and safest to use in the long term and whether there is negative impacts? Thank You. Please can be answered first. OK, thank you, Bagus Hamizan from Nebak Koa. Guess which Koa is this? Oh yeah, later Mrs. Prih. Well, this will be later what factors, what geological factors which makes Indonesia rich in geothermal energy. The first one is because Indonesia is rich in volcanoes, yes from the north end to the east end yeah curved it to from Sumatra, Java, Bali, Nusa Tenggara, yes, then Maluku, North Maluku, Sulawesi, yes, that is it volcanic arc so that we ee because if we have volcanoes then we have heat the ee is near the earth's surface. Therefore ee we become rich geothermal energy. But besides that ee ee what other geological settings are there Indonesia for example since because there was Plutons, yes, there is a granite Pluton. it also has the potential to form heat from non-magmatic or not volcanic but from radioactivity. Well, besides that is that this ee it's a little bit far, yeah, it's not there in the slide earlier that in its history it was in the formation of the Indonesian Archipelago it is the result of a collision between several plates. Well, from the plate collisions then the heat can accumulate near surface. So even though now in there is no volcano above, but there is heat trapped nearby surface and there it will heat up ee rocks other than rocks volcanic. Something like that. And it in terms of heat sources. Well, ee what ee if we are going to look at geothermal heat as told by Mr. Yudis earlier, there was water. Well, that's because Our country is a tropical country, it rains a lot yes, stored in the rocks that ee can hold water approximately. Something like that. And then to educate Didik or Dodik Didik Ashari ee, is it true that geothermal energy? that's the safest way to do it utilized? yes we see yes ee first from the aspect his advantage is that he is indeed the best emits little emissions, be it CO2, SO2 or nitrogen oxide, as well as solid particles compared to the energy that comes from another part of the earth, yes. Yes, from inside the earth there are other stones coal, there is oil and gas like that, right? Well, it's hot. the earth with the least emissions. Now, then if it's safe or not it depends on how humans are disciplined in ee use technology. The technology has been designed to be safe. Are we disciplined? We Do you follow the SOP or not? We ee diligently monitors, monitors ee the equipment we use for ee to generate electricity from geothermal or not? If we If you get carried away, an accident will definitely happen Oh, I see. But ee because of the rules the government is very strict then those geothermal companies I'm also very obedient, huh? Now, maybe your siblings have hear a little crash or failure somewhere of course that's it should not then be said, "Oh, If so, it's not safe at all. Stop stop geothermal." Not really. But we evaluation where the lack is so repaired where. Well, don't let that happen it happened again in that place as well as in another place. Well, it's the same Is nuclear energy safe? Yes, it's safe if ee what ee know how use it, know how to mitigate it I think the danger will come later from where. It would be unsafe if we reckless or haphazard. Approximately like that yeah. Hey, how is little brother Bagus? and Dodi's younger brother? Are you satisfied yet? Okay, thanks for the answer. We continue to the next questioner, namely from Gemelina Literacy Team 2, SMP Negeri 5 Samarinda. Please convey the question. Well, thank you for the opportunity. has been given. Before that, please allow us introduce myself. So my name is Gemilina Fatih Rizki and I am Lia Zahwa. We are from the literacy team of SMP Negeri 5 Samarinda. So our first question is what are the main factors causing it? utilization of geothermal energy in Indonesia is not optimal yet? Even though the potential which is owned is very large. Then secondly, why geothermal energy can survive for a long period of time very long even millions of years and what geological factors that cause geothermal heat not running out quickly. Just like that. Accept love. Peace be upon you. Thank you. And peace be upon you, warahmatullahi blessings. Peace be upon you. Thank you Idi. This the question is like a child's question college yeah. Even though it's still junior high school, it's extraordinary yes Jemelina and Fatiah yes. Let's move on to the potential, it's huge, right? still little use. Well, we used to first time developing energy of course it is using the energy that ee it's easier yeah, what investment ee the initial investment may be less and then ee it's certain that in If it says there is, it must be there, right? The research is fast perhaps compared to with geothermal energy. Well, like a stone There are many coals that are exposed in the surface. Yes, just look for it just like that or look for it below the surface. But what is on the surface has been revealed here, easy to find, easier Oh, I see. Well, then oil and gas Earth, maybe we used to inherit it, right? yes from the oil fields that developed by the Dutch first. So we already had geothermal energy I stopped there first, right? Now, it turns out our oil fields are rich like that. Well, then we continue to use it. That. Even once a country oil exporters. we were once the chairman OPEC, the organization of the petroleum exporters, now an importer. Very pity yes. Yes. Well, then why does it keep happening? ee hasn't developed that fast yet yes, geothermal. Well, one is indeed ours still ee what yeah? Once again, the policy we may not yet press to quickly develop ee or we quickly switch to geothermal, but the transition is gradual and it seems like it's been a long time, right? How come It's said the oil is out, it's hot There's a lot of earth, why don't you speed it up? yes. Well, then from the geological perspective How? Well, actually the geology was... Mrs. Bri has explained it, yes. It's up to us make sure yes in the places that we suspected to contain a lot of ee heat potential earth but why hasn't there been any research, no drilling yet. Well, why not? yes the research was improved there. Maybe that's one of them. Ee other factors of course also ee has a lot of influence. But like sir Yudistian said earlier that Mr. Our president this time has said, "Come on, let's boost geothermal energy." So that's it No more saying it's difficult, expensive, no more. Well, that's the hard stuff. it is said that it is difficult to find the way looking for it, ee, it's not good yet. Later if the way to search for it, the technology is already there increased, then drilling was more efficient, of course it's cheap, right? the same or Electric cars used to be considered expensive. It turns out that now the countries that making electric cars has been discovered ways to be cheap and finally cheap now. Well, it's like a cellphone. MOBILE PHONE it used to be really expensive. Now all the younger siblings have a cell phone. So what's the key? It's set. Researched with ee's will to advance the geothermal sector. So yeah roughly. Hehe. Okay, thanks for the answer. We continue to the next questioner, namely from Ihsan Rasyad Adinata, State Middle School 6 Surabaya. Please feel free to submit. Well, thank you for the opportunity. given. Let me introduce myself, I am Isan Resinata from SMP Negeri 6 Surabaya. Indonesia has the potential for heat the earth is very big. But some its development still has potential have a negative impact on environment such as the potential release of toxic gases, groundwater pollution, nuisance ecosystems, as well as the risk of land subsidence. Learning from the 3.2 magnitude earthquake rich on October 12, 2023, the epicenter of the earthquake was right in the middle of the location Mount Salak Geothermal Power Plant installation. Earthquake It is suspected that this was triggered by activity geothermal wells owned by Mount Salak Geothermal Power Plant. Well, the question me, how to mitigate risk construction of the Mount Salak Geothermal Power Plant what has been done so far? The second, Does PLTP guarantee every citizen? feel the benefits? And is there any guarantee? every citizen will not be burdened with increase in basic household electricity rates ladder? Considering the construction of PLTP means increasing power generation in Indonesia. Thank You. Good. Oh my, Isa, this question is enough like an observer yes. Extraordinary Ihsan Rasyid. Maybe this Ihsan is really diligent in reading newspapers, isn't he? Reading newspapers and watching television, yeah? following in the media so really some people think that it's hot the earth will later pollute groundwater, the second is that it pollutes the air. Then ee makes the ground collapse, yeah or land subsidence continues to cause earthquakes. Well, it's a shame that this is Irsyad. Ihsan, it turns out that's not true. that is a rather opinion for example it should look like this It looks a bit like this, yeah that's what's not not ihsan yes that's what wrong yes but maybe the one that write the news not from the side which is how it should be. Well, earlier Mr. Yudistian has already mentioned it, right? the water must not splash onto everywhere yeah. So from geothermal wells Yes, later if the mixture contains the same steam the water will then be separated from the steam It's used to drive a turbine. Yes. So where does the water go? injected back into the earth. Well, then the thing to move turbine after the turbine is driven then the steam temperature drops it will become water again. It is also injected into the earth. Well, when injected into the earth does not mean he then mix it with ground water. Here This is Mrs. Pri's tumbler looks like it. Well, for example groundwater here it is in the green color it's shiny, huh? We will do that later inject it all the way in here yeah, not here. And here it is in this area will be installed later its name is security. there is the name well casing. Casing or the well casing is multi-layered and then the water is not released just arrived at this groundwater ee place no but inside it is not mixed with groundwater. And the second one air pollution. Well, that's it, ma'am. Prielkan yes. Emissions from power plants The electricity is very small, right? If This kind of coal is still high the bar chart is really high there are those who use up to 1 ton of CO2 to get ee 1 MW hour is 1 MW. While geothermal that's so short, so small. So that's not true, is it? Now then ee maybe ee Isan has played to the geothermal area, why does it smell like rotten eggs. The one that smells of rotten eggs is in geothermal manifestations. So that's it not pollution, but it is indeed natural signs indicate that in that place where Ihsan can find the source geothermal. For example near Fumarole Yes, it has a smell, what is it? Bad odor yeah ee smells of H2S gas. But if in that there is no release in the PLTP itself or very small very small compared to with those released by ee coal-fired power plants. I see, Iksan. Then the ground collapsed never before has there been such a thing the land collapsed because of drilling geothermal. Geothermal drilling exists standard operating procedure or SOP yes. uh how to make sure that the land doesn't collapse and then when ee ee the geothermal wells are already finished when extracted the water is released or the steam is released for take the heat, this is just borrowed just put it back in later so that the lower part of the earth is mass in it it's balanced so no collapse. If you keep pumping it like this, yeah empty collapse. But it didn't happen like that. Because that's the way it is not by emptying the rocks in underground. Well, then the earthquake. Now, Mrs. Priak yes. There is a geothermal power plant there, right? Ee on the Mountain Salak has a geothermal power plant like that. Well, there indeed there are mountains around it fire. Every day there is an earthquake volcanic. Everywhere near the mountain fire there is always a volcanic earthquake. But There are times when the earthquake is big. There are some that are volcanic in nature, perhaps the mountain erupted, but it seems No. But maybe it was an earthquake tectonic yeah. Because Indonesia, right? located at the meeting point of several plates yes. earlier there was from the north of the Eurasian plate, from the south there is something called Indo-Australia, from the East there is a plate Pacific, Philippine marine plate, plate Choline, huh? So that's what makes Indonesia is ee the earth sometimes It's like a horek, like a sound system due to collisions between plates. Well, that's it nature cannot be prevented. Which can be prevented is how we live in an area that is full of ee the possibility of getting an earthquake so that we don't be hit by the buildings we build alone but not paying attention earthquake resistance. That's roughly what PLTP is like even though it can be hit by an earthquake. Therefore, geothermal power plant buildings, well areas and so on must be safe. must be secured so that if there is an earthquake which is not a problem or in his notes it is indeed caused by natural movements the earth, then the geothermal power plant areas are safe Yes, it doesn't actually increase the number of accidents in ee surrounding places. Something like that, Ihsan. Okay, thanks for the explanation. We move on to the next question, namely from Jasmin Azzahra Akqoriah. Please to convey his question. Peace be upon you and Allah be upon you blessings. Thank you for your time and Peace be upon you. Thank You. Thank you for your time and his opportunity. Let me introduce myself, my name is Jasmin Azzahra. I am from SDN Tambaksari 1 Surabaya with serial number 690 with the title of the project on the utilization of samor organic waste as organic fertilizer. I have processed organic waste as many as 1750 kg And have harvested 600 kg and 15 liters of water leachate. My next target is to process waste organic 19 eh 1500 kg or 1 ton per half and take advantage of compass for my school garden. I want to ask about my question. My question is is there a way to utilize the heat earth for applications other than power generation electricity such as space heaters, agriculture, And industry. Thank you for your time and opportunity. Time and opportunity. Peace be upon you warahmatullahi wabarakatuh. And peace be upon you, warahmatullahi blessings. You can answer directly, ma'am. Yes thank you. Wow, congratulations, little brother. Jasmin ee Azahra from Surabaya. Oh, the clothes are cool. Wear Dayak clothes, okay? or Indian clothes? Very cool. Oh, behind him there is red screen. Wow, that's so cool. And what's even cooler is that utilize organic waste for ee fertilizer yes and even the target I want 1 ton and I've already made it compost for school gardens. Wow, amazing It's normal that when Mrs Pri was her age, she didn't understand what is compost yes. Well, your question is very good. Hey, maybe Mr. Yudis did too touch on. I have already mentioned apart from the power plant earlier it can be used for agriculture and and so on. Well, for the first ee first yes, the one for the industry is for heating in industrial processes. Now, some industries require it heating so that the product is ready. For example drying or heating or for pasteurization it definitely needs heat. Well, that's hot Earth can play a role there. Then for agriculture especially in those cold countries now they have a greenhouse or greenhouse it's warm inside. So the plants which usually only grows in the country the temperature is warm, now you can grown in their country cold. Well, later we can do the opposite. there we can make a cool greenhouse that's how to grow plants from a place that cold. Well, well then there's more This story wasn't written in it earlier slide. Pri's mother with what ee? the research members, sir Yudistian, yes, earlier Mr. Director was hot He has several of Geodipa Earth the staff was like that with Mrs. Priel deposits that arise from fluids geothermal. Well, it turns out we can change the sediments it becomes fertilizer but its name is not fertilizer, booster. The booster is like that lol. Make plants strong and make what yes? The soil is more fertile. It turns out that it could be that what was originally considered as waste, yes, waste from geothermal, there is no such thing as waste geothermal is a by-product geothermal side effects. It turns out that is a treasure that we can manage finally it becomes fertilizer too. So it's the same Hey, Jasmin and I make fertilizer. If Jasmin is from organic waste, Mother Pri from ee geothermal byproducts like that. So in the area ee what is there geothermal if they have deposits geothermal deposits can later become booster that ee fertilizes plants and strengthen plants from pest attacks. Oh, it's so nice to meet you, little brother. Jasmine. Thank You. Good luck. Thank you Jasmin for the question. OK, that's it for session two, right? closed. Thank you very much Mrs. Priutami would like to fill the webinar today. Oh yeah, eh for your Information guys, it turns out that Mrs. Priutami this is the Vice President of Association Geo International Geothermal Association, Guys, or International Geothermal Association. O but his term of service has finished. So 2020 until 2023. Yes Be kind to Buasih. I'm good thank you for session two will I'll just close it to get here. Thank you Mrs. Priutani, hopefully pleased to be able to share again about his experience di ee to Tunas friends. Thank You. Okay, thanks. Thank You. Okay, for the third session. will be continued by my colleague Esther. Hello. Good afternoon, Mr. Alvi. Good afternoon. I How are you, sir? Okay, okay, okay Good. You can start sharing. Okay, ee first of all i say ee Asalamualaikum, Mrs. Pri, Mr. Yudis, eh Mr. Amin, Mr. Zamroni for ee his opportunity ee that has been given to me yes. I was following it too and I saw it It turns out that these children are very enthusiastic Yes, ma'am, what is it called? geothermal, yes. this is really good as in positive uh our set is brandwet against geotherma is very very important. There may be several things which was conveyed earlier by Mr. Yudis, Mr. and Mrs. Prima have already conveyed two people This was my teacher before. Ma'am Prim, then PRI was my leader in Geodipa in the past, but now We're not together anymore. Oh yes I am maybe a little bit more detail ee di technically yes. Ee in technical terms there may be some slides that speak English but I will convey in Indonesian. Ee So the geothermal stages are from A What is it like from Z to Z? Let's do it later little brothers and sisters, you guys, those are know yes ee how ee we are later if you have a story become a geologist, scientist and others what is it like for geothermal? Because as Mrs. Pria said and Mr. Yudis said earlier that Indonesia is the fake reserve the biggest. That too from the volcano's perspective volcanic. Not to mention there are several the potential that Mrs. Pritadi Balau mentioned and others that I also have potential that may later increase Indonesia's potential becomes greater higher again. Well, maybe this is already in arrived by Mr. Yus Bu Priri, yes. I that's just to make us proud Actually, we are the nation's children you guys, that's what it is successor ee successor of the future is the future In front of us, ee energy ee geothermal lah. Since we are talking about geothermal energy. We can see that Indonesia is here color chart-cart there is a color bar chart red and green colors indicate that the blue one is the one has been used, while the color The green one is the one that has not been used. Well, we can see from the distribution in In this world, paint the green ones the biggest is in Indonesia. Means the meaning is that Indonesia is still stores a lot of energy potential geothermal. avulkanik or apap it pluton said Bu ata sea fruit is possible eh it will be our discover feature later or feature for ee ee Our search ee next in the future in front like that. Well, now we are proud that we are number two in the world countries to produce heat energy earth as much as 2.6 GW or 2650 GW. This the moss hall project hasn't been included yet just COD in the last month around 55. So around now 2,700 or 2.7 GW. Now, hopefully some projects like the project is in Dieng or in Patua will follow for COD and some other projects could reach 3,000. So, we are just a little bit closer to overtaking the US. this is because of our merchant or what This green-green is more in comparison with the United States, Iceland and others like that. So we worth being proud of. So ee maybe welcoming Indonesian Independence Day we also this is one of the gifts maybe yes a gift in the word pembu spirit for us guys ee to become ee apa ter ee plant ourselves that we it still has features in the future yeah as long as we are still supported by policies and so on. Well, talking a little about geothermal. Geothermal is actually if you are younger siblings or ee gentlemen that ee like the analogy is like boil the water yeah. boil water. Possible younger siblings may often be the ones you ask for help by his mother or father please boil water to make coffee or tea like that. Well, actually the analogy is that is like that. So, we have its name is heat, heat source or source that if if in ee What is the name? In what? in geothermal That is the magma from earlier, ma'am say or is there a source of magma in below or from Pluton itself in the form of fire on the stove. Well, then we have a kettle that kettle is its reservoir or catchment area. Water reservoir. The water reservoir is for the container. The water container is stored heated, then stored in in that. Well, then we are in We have a lid on the kettle, right? The lid is as ee layer cover or clay cap. If we he called it rock cap. that's so that the absence of water makes ee become more cold, quickly colder because of what? Because it is open and exposed from the outside. Then we were at the cathedral there was a sound funnel, there is one funnel that will be when we boil it makes a tit sound like that. Well, that's us as ee well or as a manifestation of that indicates that there is something below it It turns out there is geothermal energy. It turns out that it's below that, why? The source is there, there is a kind of water vapor that came out yeah. Well, that's our analogy. simple one yeah. Code and code it simple for younger siblings can understand ee that indeed ee ee what his name? Geothermal works like what from the start of the earth, the reservoir, then closed, then there are signs or anomalies in above the surface. Well, actually ee this ee we can see that there are some ee questions yes, we have to answer as later if the younger siblings become geosynthesis or moving in the hot field earth or indeed want to be an expert geothermal energy like Mrs. Pri and Mr. Yudis his career. So we ee ask that's how much we have its resources. Earlier we said Mrs. Pri said that 40% of the world's reserves is in us. There are several PTPs that have so like Salak, in Dieng and others. For example, in Dieng, for example, there now there are 110, now there are 55 the reserves are even greater compared to 55 maybe around 400 mega like that but it has to be developed with gradually like that. Well, how much the heat source depends on Mrs. Priri, earlier there were several technologies what can answer is technology can develop ee technology place which is cooler, then the utilization straight like ee house heating glass. or agriculture and others. Then also how acidic or how neutral this water is because of this related to ee later investment that we will issue when we producing geothermal fields. And Earlier, Mrs. Pri said that we continue have cracks. Cracks it is the one that becomes the waterway those from below the surface up to the surface. So we have to look for it. So how much so that we get ee water vapor it can flow from below. to up through the well we have drilled. Well, here are some analogies. Earlier, Mrs. Pris there are also some analogies ee we convey that there are several phases or areas that have ee earth's surface potential. Well, this is as Sir, what is the term for the key? from a geoscientist or a or resource team in the geothermal world that we call this a conceptual name model. we ee make one conceptor model where is the first area we will drill, where is that area What are the outskirts like? then in the heat source area where is that. So this is a handle we team resource it to ee do the drilling will answer some of the questions questions like where is the source? it's hot, where is the permeability, is this neutral or is it acidic or acid? So, then what are the rocks in underneath? Then richar was like What? Will the well flow later? Alone? Well, that's going to be it become a picture or image of something the image that will be the handle or role models for us to answer ask the existing questions on this right. Well, then ee from here ee how how do we get the image This? Getting this picture is ee by conducting several surveys ee survey for example there are roads some teams are called Geological. geophysical, then geemis is usually that walking in geothermal areas, taking ee rock samples, ee samples of the waters in manifestations such as hot springs, like a slingshot. If you have ever been younger siblings In Dieng there is the Skidang crater or the Sileri crater. Now, examples of that then there are baths like in Cisolok there are hot springs coming out. Because That's a valuable treasure, right? the term is before we start the renewal very valuable treasure that can we take to define how are we doing down there? the surface. Well, in perfume There are several types of it. The type Is there someone who is in the same phase or not? pure air right? Water pear like for example ee areas that ee in Indonesia has many examples, for example, that one is in Mount Salak, then in Ulublu and others. Then there are two phases. Two that phase there is water then there is water The reservation also has Wi as in Windu Bank. Then there is single phase or steam dominated. We are we awarded eh one steam field dominated is in degrees. in there are several fields in the area that's only four if I'm not mistaken maybe there is Mrs. or Mr. Yuris there possible additions yes I know that there is a Kujang of the same degree, there are two of them the field that single press at cemented in Indonesia and in In the world, yes, of the four, there are in Indonesia two then in Italy then in U1 then there was also classification special condition, Ma'am said earlier that someone drilled all the way to the bottom ee coat crust ee ee what's it called? Oceanic crust, oceanic hard. Well, that's called super critical. Well, there are several of them case-case e geothermal system. Earlier, Ma'am said Pluton also has a geothermal system which is not related to volcanoes right. It has to do with brand solinity and others. Well, here are some ee geothermal classification. Average in Indonesia is a two-faced country or eh water illuminated. And two of four fields, eh, that's single face there is Kojang in Indonesia and also Terajat there. So, what are our steps for develop such a field? First we find discover. Discover is what we call exploration. This exploration is from data. So we have a blind area ee there isn't any not at all ee well, not at all data. we are the ones who gting such data I conveyed the data earlier that ee geological, geophysical, and geomis tuh ee take a trip wandering around the location said, entered the forest, took samples rock, right, then ee took it water sample until it forms the previous the image above is called conceptual model. Then we do drilling or drilling, exploration. From there we can get the data from the well then we go to the development phase. This development means from data Is this exploration worth it for us or not? we will develop the field said or indeed in terms of exploration of this field does not exist no resources at all or are they small lol. Later we will compare it in terms of investment and also in terms of ee what are the resources like, which ones bigger, is the resource big or worth it or indeed profitable for developed or not. Then from there after we develop our new produce. Product in the sense of the word exists some examples of the fields are like snake fruit, darajat, Dieng. Well, that's it in the production process there is already The geothermal power plant, is it already there, what is it called? Ee steam field operation and and so on. We will see later example image on the next slide. Well, then we try to go to the next phase. exploration. Well, actually exploration there are several keys to that parameters that we have to ee answer eh there are things we have to check. First that's well targeting this and us anyway what is it like to be a resource team? we drill the well the target is Is that what it is, is there no permeability? is there or not ee what is it called eh What is the temperature in that area? acidic or not then exposure drinking program, well we have to make this these wells are wells like what is the direct well up to 3,000 Is he only up to 1500? Well, that's it depends on the team's strategy or and also added with strategy from the financial financial that we get or ee the finances that we have in a company. Then drilling contract. Well, this is very important because of what? Because of this drilling is the term for a machine prove from the picture. We use this tool to prove it the image. Is targeting true or not? We. So, why is this important? Because What? Because this is yes at the time of exploration ee this is what eats up the budget a huge amount. Because of what? Because one Mr. Yudis said that the well was probably the one 90 billion, Mr. Yudis, right? 90 billion ee eh Rp0 billion is possible if it is possible what is the name of the subtraction subtracted efficiently with technology that good can be reduced. So we risking R0 billion for drill a well. Therefore we are in terms of targeting in terms of in terms of the contract, we also have to ee what his name is ee pintar and also has to be more ee be careful and also have to be more precise the term for choosing. Then we also have to choose some ee equipment that we have to buy such as The casing, as you said earlier, is for the sheath. Later friends will see how yes, drilling was done. I later will play ee what is the name of the animation. Then we also have to select the set construction. Because of what? Because most of Indonesia is like that are in adjacent areas with Volcano or Mount Sad Dorm. Then ee the topography very stip. Then we have to make some ee tapak-takporan, tapak-takporan for ee to do drilling. So what should we do? place access or basecam for the workers. Then we are to put wpad like what, where we for ee location to put goods our things like chargers and others. Then the third one next is land per meeting. Now, these are also some cases of CAS apta that there are several regions in Indonesia our potential is in the garden national. Yes, that's a shame. Ee for example, in the place where I used to work that's in Super Energy that's 3/4 of the area We are in Mount Kerinci Park. Well, this is also ee what is it called ee inter-institutional relations, yes, between institutions, whether they are business owners, business owner or registrator or the legislature and also the ministry we must work together, synergize for how geothermal ee is this right? now ggi ya without waste, without waste, and also ee what is not damaging like that. How much can we compare? the land we open for example like other new terbon energy like solar vivi like that. Regarding Viv, it is necessary how much do you need? Hugh compared to our WP which is only possible about 4 hectares or about 2 hectares if there were two wells like that. So we can compare permitting like what. Then our man power need people and we also open jobs for people or something our techniques are there be it safety, drilling, engineer and and so on. Then there is well testing the program. Then there is ee the concept that we have to prove from this aspect of exploration. Well, this is an example of what exploration is. the first time we made a model cons there are several things we have to answer it is temperature, permeability, resource, same development. Well, that will be answered by geological, geological or geophysical or geemis in one company with several methods such as if if only we could see the temperature from the hot springs we take samples How much do we analyze in the lab? the temperature of its chemical elements then our permeability as geologists, we map, we measure cesarean or what. Maybe friends too Hey, there are some who are taking part in competitions at high school level Yes, maybe there's a geoscience competition or something like that, maybe you know what the name is structure or fault or ee structure with ever with the structure of the bowl or the structure of the faults mentioned earlier It is said that the earthquake is related to the tectonic fault. Well, that's it some of the earth's surface can it appears that there is a rock impression. Well, that makes the signs here there is structure. Then our test resource there are also several tools such as MT is like the existing structure pumarol spread manifestation or the spread of anomalies like here exists hot material, here there is pumarole, in Here there is ee what is it called? Front matter Again. So which area will it be? our bonderi resources? Then from from there we generate development What is strategic like after we do exploration there. Is it from Does the aspect fall under the national theme? or topographic steps or he very high or active volcanism still active in PA. So maybe we later we can reservoir the assets like what. Well, that has to be answered. with some of the tools above. This toll is a tool that is used to minimize the existing risk we have that we make when we do ee targeting later. Now, for example, this is from our geocal aerial photography. For example, we have a photo air indicating there is a row volcano. We can see the volcano which one is younger, which one older than the cone and also the derona. If only he it's still pretty smooth, maybe that's it it's probably smooth and what not a lot vegetation. Well, maybe he still is young. Because of what? Hot. Because of vegetation there is missing a does not grow. Because What? Because he's still hot in the peak. Then there is the form crater or krater and then some we go for a walk to the river or something see friends if below that the presence of shifting rocks or the lines on the stone. Well, that's it is one of our activities to measure permeability, yes. This is DRC I'm in what direction is the structure going? that's what we'll process later for generate general structure like that. Well, then also from social. Now, Friends, maybe you've come here, ee. to the hot springs or what are they called? Hot springs like kayaks in Sosolok in Lembang or wherever. Now, those are examples of one of the existence of ee Anomalies are signs of heat the earth is beneath our surface so through that structure. Well, this one this is what it's called not dangerous because of what because of this distributed naturally like that naturally there is no drilling there. There are no examples like that in Lembang drilling but there are hot springs like that that means I'm natural, right? nature gives good signs we know that there is indeed something underneath actual resources. Well, because of that those are my younger siblings and friends at the same time, the stigma must be removed must be changed a little or a little positive that it is indeed like hot material or bruising is that signs from nature. Because from the past before a company comes in has happened has happened formed naturally even it is formed on thousands or millions of years ago Ma'am said in geological time earlier convey. Well, this is the data that we take this very valuable for geosin here. there is a sign of a spring and others are very valuable. Well, then we try to process the data from the water. We process the data is this what the temperature is, is it This is surface water or magmatic water related to volcanism and others. Well, then from the data we can estimate several geophysics some methods like MT or DDM we can see up to a depth of 4 km which are the regions? which is the blue rim. Then the red one are hot areas such as we see below for example the degree he has really great curves nice and underneath it is covered ee neat and very nice. So that the red one can store heat or the hot water vapor ee so that no leaks or no water enter the bottom of the reservoir so that the reservoir is better. Well, from there we form one its name is conceptual model. Ee usually in one of the companies is geology geological or thymic it forms one or eh more than one console. Because What? Because we will prove this if if our first well fails we still have other alternatives. or other models like that. So, by because of that ee usually rule of time that's what my experience is I'm going to make ee what's it called ee three minimum or model for ee anticipate if the data I'm the first su I failed, I where to go. Is my model the one the second one is correct or later after B again my second model is right or wrong, there is still a third model like that. So some of these data must be iterated, must be together to create a model that is approx what is the other alternative like, both of them what are they like, what are the three like? Well, then we take drilling as an example. We go into drilling, next position drilling. Well, Friends, this is ee This drilling is an activity that is for proves that from surface data that we took earlier, from the rock data, geothermal or water manifestation data and others, we try to do the drilling by drilling from from the surface to the deepest possible depths certain. Depends on the type of ee drilling whether it goes deep or not standard hole or big hole or ee ee ee what is slim hole. Well, this is also at the time uh, the purpose is for testing our commodity concept. Confirmation of resource extend. Is there any there? the resource is from our tank data collect. Then we also identify eh the ris resources are there. Oh, if if there is data, the well is good, is he that he is sour, is he lots of gas content or like What? Well, that will be answered when we already have a well. Well, then there are several ee what are they called? ee jata which we will take at the time those wells are drilled, right? There are rocks, usually every 3 m. Let's take a look at it from below up to the top from 0 to 3 kilos down is such help what are the components so that we can create a geological model or update our model concept Earlier we made ee at the beginning or at the top earlier. Well, this is an example of drilling for example. like that. we have ee first drilling that we name it our conductor casing. Well, this is the casing conductor. the depth usually varies from 60 to 50 up to 70 m. We can see us drill 50 to 70 m with that size in the cement it is full casing not open so it doesn't become an entry point groundwater. Ordinary groundwater layers shallow for example at 30 m or 40 m no can e so can't get into groundwater layer. Then we drill again, the one called 26 inches is usually up to a depth of 500 m. Well, 500 m then we insert the sheath. Then the blue one is cement. So we have two safeguards. Our veil is closed. Then we there is cement. So the term is cement is our barrier between ee formation or ee rock with casing so we already have two barrier casings and also cement which eh what casing which covered and also cement. Then we drill deeper. We drill e in area e what is it called ee the reservoir and we put the name on it bop above there is a color tool The red and white colors are bop. What is the use of BOP? that's the point is to protect so that if if that happens, what is the name of the water? that comes out that he will not spread out. Because of what? Because of us already have something called a faucet. That faucet is an automatic faucet when the tap is automatically closed when there is pressure he immediately bop key. Well, then we also install the casing. The casing is smaller and there is also cement in between. N So I've reached the 1500 mark we have double protection or even four of the 26 contain cement then there is a connected casing then there is another 17 17 there is cement there is casing Again. So so ee what is it called no men ee stigma geotherma it pollutes That environment is not wrong. Because of what? Because we were there earlier casing sheath, there is cement, there is another casing, another cement. So that ee what's that called? we can answer it with what technology ee what ee practically we diing that indeed worship cannot occur environment or to groundwater or to surrounding waters. Well, then after we installed it we just entered the name reservoir for section here. Well, let's try to do more. again ee we drill to get our researchers that we have already we ee learn or have we delineation in surface data so that we have so we ee can get hot steam or hot water which can flow from below surface or from its ee fracture to above the surface through the well ee the. Well, this is the depth of the well varies, yes. It could be up to 3,000 m I once bard Dieng until 3,100 if I'm not mistaken. Hey, that's it, eh up to 3,100 or 3095. Well, that's up to that ee or if you have already obtained permission it depends. If only the well is good, it depends on the directors again. Sir, this well is ready good, what do we do to continue terdal. Usually as a geologist I am that getting better and better because of what? the more data I get like that so the model that I make it ee so it becomes better and more Lots. Well, here is an example of drilling ee What is the name? Drilling operation, yes. Drilling is from the top to the bottom below. So that we are Hey, you kids can see that it is true in terms of operation it is safe. In a way we will also use that technology later production is not at a depth of 500 or 1,000 or 40 m or so. We produce it depth of 1 kilo or 1.5 kilo ee in below the surface. so that we take it, it's really water, ee geothermal fluids that are not water such a surface. Well, here are some examples of these fields. fragrant windu yes. If it smells like windu there are some fields this is very beautiful yes. So you can see that ee between geothermal and green side by side like that. Besides geothermal there is a tea plantation, next to the geothermal There's a cattle farm there. So we can live side by side like that. Side by side. If only earlier ee the kids said that there was gas toxic or emissions or something like that, why? there could be a tea plantation next to the power plant those or even mountains or The debt on the mountain is still green. that's a sign that the sign is no there are no emissions at all or less emissions at all so that we can side by side between ee and also agriculture geothermal situ. aside from that some of what the Regent said earlier that it could be that the ee product is the end of The geothermal energy can be used later for drying also can also be used for ee processing what is the name of the greenhouse or green house for ee plantation and others. Well, here are some examples Hey what's it called? Ee accessories yeah, accessories or eh specs e cement segment in 80 of them there are turbines, there are cooling tower, there is a contour room, there is pipel, then there is a separator and there is GRS is here. Well, here's one hole earth field one uh which one what what who works or operates this Coincidentally, it's the Wang Windu area, right? not wrong. Well, this is what I can answer some of the questions I saw earlier earlier that it did not die trash Actually. Because of what? Because of the younger siblings you can see that from the well we have ee gebor that we drill below the surface from a depth of 3,000 we get to the top then we flow into the pipe. Then we separate at the separator or S station which one will be the blue one? is ee steam. The blue one is steam. the white color is eh brand. So steam is a full cycle to eh close up to him to powerpl yes powerpl so he turbine cutting. While ee brand which is separated in this separator here we inject it again into the well down below this and the same depth of 3,000 to 2,000. So ee no not at all increase waste and well ee remains water from geothermal or power generation we don't throw it on the surface. Now, that's why it's called geotherma there is sustainable energy. Because of what? Because injection well is called brand We hope we will inject it again, he kept getting heated up again. Then he we will return to production at the well production. So, that's why renewable energy that's in geothermal, uh, very, very so real because why? our waste we will do it again. We hope it will get super fit again. Then we take it again. So that's the cycle looks like that. Well, here are some technologies that might be ee is in Indonesia now yeah maybe there is a conventional turbine mic separator, then there is the second one there is binary. So this is ee some the technology that I conveyed that ee In Indonesia, technology is very important now. So maybe younger siblings besides ee being an expert Gusin there might be become a mechanical expert later, yeah ours ee so mechanical engineering or what. Try to think whether we can or not create e some more technology for make it so that we can ee our geothermal the temperature is only 150 or 120 we can develop it with existing technologies like that. so we don't throw away anything at all ee-lapan geotherma kita yang ee memiliki higher temperature or enthalpy lower than the current one we have ee what developed in a way conventional. Maybe that's all, Sis, Sis, ee I can convey and share for friends. Maybe I can return to ee moderator Ms. Ester. Okay, thank you Mr. Alvi for explanation of exploration geothermal. I will read summary of this material, namely geothermal energy comes from heat in the earth that is used for industrial heating and power generation electricity. Geothermal systems depend on on temperature, pressure, permeability, and types of underground fluids. Before utilized for exploration in the form of determining drilling locations, permits, well testing, and reservoir analysis for knowing the size, temperature, characteristics fluids, and rock conditions. After it goes into exploitation namely construction and operation of power plants geothermal electricity. The whole project goes through three main stages, namely discovery, development, and production which ensures utilization sustainable. Okay, I'll open it. Q&A session starts now. Okay, Anindia from Margorejo 1 Public Elementary School Surabaya. Please. Thank you for the opportunity given. Let me introduce myself, my name is Nilia. from STM Magrojo 1 Surabaya. Question I am if the heat energy on earth there are many in Indonesia, namely around 40% of the world total, but why not all of them can be used yet? Then when taking geothermal energy, what is it? the most difficult or challenging difficult? Thank You. Thank you, Anindia. Continue to Next question from Haya. Please Hey. Well, the question starts from Anastasia SDN Panji 1. Please, Anastasya. Okay, Nando, please ask. the question is from Wiung 1 Public Elementary School Surabaya. Peace be upon you and Allah be upon you blessings. Peace be upon you mercy and blessings of Allah wabarakatuhra. I am a participant of the Hide Environment Prince 2025. I am from SDM Wiong 1 Surabaya. And me too my project title is waste processing plastic. My Eko is 1.93500 kilo. May I ask, sir? Is geothermal energy more efficient? than fossil fuels? Question Second, how long does geothermal heat last? Thank You. Thank you, Nando. Next for Hey, please. Good. Peace be upon you and Allah be upon you blessings. Peace be upon you and the mercy of Allah. Let me introduce myself, I am Rosa Febriani from junior high school. State 1 Penengahan, Lampung Regency South of Lampung Province. I want to ask, What are the advantages of geothermal energy? compared to fossil fuels? Good, maybe that's all. Thanks. You're welcome. Please answer the questions the. Answer The first one to ask was Anes. Eh, earlier Who asked first? Ee asked the first questioner, Anindia. Anindia from SDN Margot. Yes Well, Indonesia is the question first of all, Indonesia has reserves world uh G reserves 40% of world reserves. Why is it that ee is still here until now? a little bit like that? Well, actually ee earlier we are ee have 40% in the world is not yet optimized for its development. because there is some of those places earlier what I said is that the potential is there is around the forest ee so in the park National and others. Then also there are several ee what are they called technologies that we must adopt to develop fields geothermal energy which has a temperature that lower like that. and also ee don't until don't don't make a mistake because of us now is the number two country 2 gigw and that's it ee is ee one of them ee is only 3/4 or 1/4at 1/4four only what we develop. Therefore that might be ee ee the challenge ahead it is the existence of some ee synergy that we have to connect between several parties such as from the Ministry of SMM, Forestry, and others so that ee existing resources that have ee potential that exists around forests or we can go to that one park develop well. Well, then earlier ee Nando Nando yes the question yes ee advantages of ee energy heat heat earth compared to fossils. Ee maybe earlier The question earlier was the same as Haya's, right? Earlier, my father also asked that question. what are the advantages? May be answer ee the second question that one fossils are like oil have limited reserves because What? because it is formed from ee organic material that is trapped and when we take it, it will be finished. While this geothermal is ee harap what is it called ee full cycle ee what ee energy because of what? Because of the waste or we inject the water again into the surface uh the surface the earth then warms up again later we suck again through e through the path What is the name of the monitoring? Source production. Therefore he ee what is it called? Sustainability or the rotation of the water. Well, then those two were Mrs Pri display emissions. Emission. Some emissions those in coal, oil or gas has higher emissions high compared to ee with hot ee earth. But geothermal energy has its drawbacks. Why? Because the geothermal heat is only can be converted now to electricity electricity. so ee maybe I think in the future it could be there e-storage electricity that can be mobile or like what. Well, that might be possible later. developed. While what pandas the name of the fossil can be mobilized or can be insured kesol and diesel and others Maybe that's all I can answer. Tap highestas and also the previous statement was almost Same thing, what's the name of this ee? the context. Okay, thank you Mr. Alvi for the answer. Next there is from team 1 State Junior High School 26 Surabaya. Please. Please. Team 1 of State Middle School 26 Surabaya. Oh, not yet. Okay, let's move on to Rafandra Aska State Junior High School 22 Surabaya. Thank you eh enough, Already, That's it, Sis. Already, Already. Oh, nevermind. Please apply the question. Thank you for the opportunity. We are from the SDG literacy team 1 of SMP 26 Surabaya. We would like to ask ba can validate or even correcting the consequential model that we have look at this cross section, especially in determine whether the fluid is benign or corrosive? Okay, thanks for the question. Carry on to Rafandra Aska from SMP Negeri 22 Surabaya. Thank you, Sis Ester. Let me introduce you I am Randra Peripta from State Junior High School 22 Surabaya. I am Prince 2 neighborhood live in 2024 with project title the use of plastic for Brazilian culture as an effort to support the program food security. My achievement is I have planted 20,000 seeds and I have processed plastic as many as 3,000 pieces. My question is whether Indonesia has abundant geothermal resources because of the many volcanoes? And that Second, can geothermal energy be used? help fight climate change? That's my question. Accept Thank you for the time you have given. Peace be upon you and Allah's mercy and blessings blessings. And peace be upon you, warahmatullahi blessings. For questions Next there is Ahmad Zafran Alhalifi from Palembang. Please. Peace be upon you and Allah be upon you blessings. Peace be upon you. My name is Ahmad Zafi from SDIT Alfurqan Palembang team 03. My question is the first one why haven't we used some of it yet large geometry geothermal even though we store a lot once geometric. Number two, question number two. What are the challenges in the Geomet project geothermal? Thank You. Peace be upon you warahmatullahi wabarakatuh. And peace be upon you, warahmatullahi blessings. Thank You. Please, sir. Alvi answered each of the the question. Okay. Okay. This is a question for elementary school children too very critical, huh. Very critical elementary school junior high school. Yes The first one was from junior high school from junior high school from junior high school yeah. Good. So when we can e we have drilled then we can FID, we can check whether Is the FIA neutral or not? It could be possible we can change our e. Maybe that's it That was the question earlier. yes. Ee the second one maybe from earlier who said that why ee Is our geothermal energy possible? ee helps ee helps climate change? Correct. Because of what? Because ee that we this is the energy grade. So grade energy in the sense of the word we do not have emissions. So we are helping to prevent climate change. Because we know some of those probes ee occurs due to the large number of gas effects greenhouse, then the amount of ee pollution air and carbon are released later damage the ozone layer and then create ee there are several climate changes so that from our point of view, ma'am said the residual or emissions are very a little is one of the proofs that we are from geothermal that helps to help or slow down climate change. Well, the question earlier was from ee who Farhan in Palembang, what is it? our challenge to ee development geotherma so this geotherma is not maximum in Indonesia? The challenge is there many several aspects. The first one who conveyed that some ee there is from the resource aspect, then there is the forestry aspect, then from the administrative aspect, that's all. So maybe there are three aspects that must be ee synergize, okay? ee those two aspects for example, from a forestry perspective, some of these fields have ee field what resources in the park national even or in the forest protected. Then it also ee must ee make changes to forest zoning the. That's a long time ment. Then from the social ee aspect there may also be there are some ee that we have to ee ee give knowledge to some of our society that geotherma is not that bad or as we read during like this. So earlier I said that geothermal energy has no residual ee, no waste, etc. Then, Mrs. Pri said: that the earthquake did occur is ee naturally like that. Tectonic earthquake or volcanoes can also produce vibrations like that. Why is the movement of magma in inside it can create vibrations so that it can't be done can't be done can what is it called can't ee judge or say that geothermal get an earthquake. Well, then from aspects of the manifestation that in the area appears some material hot because of the hot material which we will use as an indication why do we wipe the heat in the first place the earth in the area. Why? Because hot mats have been around for a long time like that. So that's the indication. So we suddenly came to the opening we drilled then hot eyes appeared then no that's because it's the opposite because ee we see first the existence of eyes hot or how many fumaro or some places that have ee we surveyed the new heat source there. Maybe that's my answer so that younger siblings can also be educated Later. This okay, thank you Mr. Alvi. Continue to The next question is from Aspensik 02 please ask. Good afternoon. We are from Aspensi 02. Thank you for the opportunity to ask. Our question is whether there is any impact potential dangers of using heat energy earth, especially those originating from volcanic activity? Thus, thank you love. Thank You. Continue to the question next. There is Falisah Mishaya Alhansa from SDN Rangkah 6 Surabaya. Please turn on. Peace be upon you and Allah be upon you blessings. Peace be upon you mercy of Allah. Allow me to introduce myself, my name is from Surabaya. project utilization plastic organic as many as 2,676 kg I have processed 450 kg of waste organic into liquid organic fertilizer. Which second, I have cultivated the toka plant into three processed products. My first question is, how the use of this heat energy is capable of prosperity local community? And secondly, how are the parties the government so that this heat can be utilized not exploited by certain parties. Thank you sir for the opportunity. Thank you Fisyaah. Continue to the team Literacy of SMP Negeri 57. Please. Thank you for the opportunity that has been given given to us to ask. We are from the literacy team 1 of SMP Negeri 57 Surabaya. Our question is, how the government can balance energy needs with ecological risks from geothermal projects in forest areas protect and adapt at the same time experience of other countries in dealing with it exploration challenges despite conditions Indonesia's geology and social conditions are different. Thank You. Thank You. Moving on to Abi Satya from SDN Rangkah 6. Let me introduce myself, my name is Dewangkara Bagus Abisatya from SDN Rangka6 Surabaya number SD 319 participants. My environmental project is processing organic waste. I have collected 800 kg of organic waste organic and I have planted 3,000 aloe vera more. May I ask a question? What what is geothermal energy and what does it look like? formation? Ee how geothermal can reduce dependence on fossil fuels. Second, how does the generator work? electric power geothermal energy. Thank You. Thank You. Thank You. Please, sir. Alvi answers the questions. Please try to answer the first question. Ee earlier that ee asked that how what is the impact of the PSUM project on The local people asked earlier Yes, there are many impacts of the Masumi project. towards the surrounding community especially One thing I said earlier the existence of the need for manpower the work will be a geothermal project it can absorb some work tags which are in the surrounding area. Then also ee definitely that one project need better road access so that some of the projects can already be repair the existing access road the area. Then with the existence of project naming, then there is also additional workers during drilling up to IPC and therefore there are several factors e economic sectors that will grow such as food stalls or food stalls rice or stalls in the area there will be a lot of ee so because What? Because of the demand or the buyers so many. Well, that's one of them the real impacts are the ones that are real real terms in terms of economics, yes. In terms of what is it called? If from what is the aspect of ee mm ee from the perspective of other uses such as the addition of ee income area because there is geothermal energy. By because of that there is a portion for geothermal area income, ee, can you guys see what kind of scheme it is. Now, then what was the question earlier? negative impacts of geothermal energy in the region volcanic ones? like that. Because ee now that's geothermal energy That's us, if we say in the area volcanic can be like ee ulu belu or Salak degree of negative impact in fact, it is very minimal. Because What? Because ee has a negative impact on the environment I mentioned earlier we close the loop because we throw away the water the said back to the injection. Then if we are in the area the volcanic ee of course we ee In fact, we will have more mitigate so that if in case did a volcanic eruption occur? the area we are building will be affected volcanic ash or ee path area from the volcanic lava is so us how does it mitigate it? And also we have some tools installed yeah That's the sesmometer in DT for own interests and also later can be of interest to volcanology So how many earthquakes were recorded? earthquakes recorded or is it related with our activities or or activity from other earthquakes. Now, That was the third question, right? The third what is that ee government tips for ee What is the name? Minimize ee so that ee the development is good ee there is none because variations of what geology and social in That's how Indonesia is. Well, there are a lot some ee what's the name? Indonesia is the reserve is more to e now what is being developed is more towards volcanic volcanic area so eh variations that occur such as what you said in the European area It is sediment, right, in the ee area? is an ee that feeds on oceanic crust we haven't used that yet Because of what? Because yes in what way? In terms of volcanism itself, we still it's so abundant. Still abundant. That is the diversity of geography the settings. Meanwhile, if in case the other one is the government too ee give ee some for example ee maybe the company's kebab is ee sutener or is it like ee apa yeah like a fair price, a fair price good, then help for problem social, bridging it and others. So so that ee there is continuity between stakeholders both own the company, the surrounding community then the government before carrying out the activity involved a meeting between some aspects of ee that existed before carry out the project. Well, that's it maybe one of the real proofs is proof the Indonesian government is real for anticipating the existence of ee diversity sociology, yes, sociology that exists in Indonesia and also in other countries. And maybe there are some programs too CSR or ee in the company for endanger, for example building a mosque, then build a landfill, then building a spring or water source water for surrounding residents, for other interests. So that's it one form of back-and-forth occurs between companies, society, and also the government. Well, that was what Lastly, what is heat energy? the earth? Well, if we make it from the earth it is ee hot water which is beneath the earth's surface formed due to heating of water from heat source namely bakma. So maybe ee earlier there were several des tadiut for example, those are some of the kettles which we heat the water then he heat into steam. Well, that's an example the analogy is geothermal heat and how to extract it yeah. ee earlier by using a power plan, yes What was the technology earlier with power? plan? The powerplant is a turbine. Usually we move the turbine with ee steam that exists based on geothermal sources. Maybe that's it that I can convey to answer yes from the last four questions yes. Ee Ms. Esther. Thank you, sir. You're welcome to all participants who have join the webinar on energy geothermal today. We hope to have gain new knowledge and insights about the potential and benefits of thermal energy earth in meeting energy needs future. Amen. Thank you very much to everyone resource persons who have agreed to sharing material on webinar 256 entitled Geothermal Blessings between Hopes, Challenges, and Reality. Good, that's the webinar this afternoon. Hopefully all the knowledge that has been shared can ee can be useful for us and you can apply it to your life daily. Thank you to all of you, See you in the webinar series furthermore. Peace be upon you warahmatullahi wabarakatuh. Peace be upon you. Waalaikumsalam warahmatullahi wabarak and others. Thank you, ma'am. I thank you Extraordinary. Thank you to all of you. Thank you, Mrs. Pri. You're welcome, sir. Thank You Sam. Sam's Video. Hi green friends. Every day we produce organic waste such as leaves dry, rotten fruit skins and vegetables rotten. If left to pile up, the trash this can cause an unpleasant odor and pollute the environment. By using a composter, we can turning organic waste into fertilizer natural rich in nutrients for fertility plant. There are various types of composters that can be used used like an aerobic composter barrel, anaerobic composter barrels, and composters. How to use it is also easy. Insert organic waste, add ingredients supports such as soil or rice husks. So stir periodically. In some weeks, the waste will decompose and change into compost that is ready to use to entertain the plants. With utilizing our compost not only reduce household waste, but also helps maintain balance environment. The presence of eco-bricks for the surrounding environment is because ecobricks can help reduce the amount of plastic waste pollute the environment by using it plastic that already exists for purposes construction. What is ecobreak? Eobrick is the plastic is cut into pieces later then put it in a bottle compacted until it becomes a solid like This. The main ingredients used for making ekorik is sambal resek and also cassette chili sauce. Every day we produce non-recyclable waste. organic such as plastic bottles, paper, cardboard and cans. If left alone piling up, this waste can pollute environment. But did you know? Non-organic waste still has economic value if we judge it correctly. Plastic bottles, cardboard and cans can be sold to craftsmen rags to be put back together. The rag-picker will collect and sell it to collectors for processing back to being new. With as soon as we contribute to reduce waste and protect the earth. Besides helping the environment, sorting waste can also be a source additional income that is starting to be sorted non-organic waste from now on. The organic waste that we produce every day days can be processed in a simple way and useful. One of them is with biopore holes. Biopore holes are a small hole in the ground that is filled with organic waste such as vegetable scraps, fruit skin, and dry leaves. This trash will decompose naturally and become fertilizer for the soil. Apart from processing waste, biopore holes also helps absorb rainwater, reduce flooding and prevent flood. By making biopore holes at home, we can protect the environment remains clean, the soil becomes more fertile, and water is more easily absorbed.