Hello, good day, and welcome to our General Chemistry 1 subject. So, let us continue our discussion about the chemical formula of common chemical substances. So, ano ba yung mga chemical formula at saka ano etong mga common chemical substances?
So, let us have here an example. We have C, O, and 2. So, we have the element carbon. combined with oxygen, tapos merong number 2 dito. So, what does it mean?
So, let us have what is a chemical. So, a chemical is a compound or substance. Siyempre, chemical formula hinahanap natin, combine natin sa formula.
Ano ba muna yung formula? Formula is the symbolic expression. So, kapag pinagsama natin, we can describe the chemical formula as a symbolic expression of a compound or substance.
So, ito yung example natin. Pinagsama natin yung dalawang elements. Diba?
Substance yan. Isang carbon, isang oxygen. Pinagsama natin, that is our expression of a compound. Daging compound na yung ating dalawang elements. Ito ngayon ang kanyang...
chemical formula and we call this the carbon dioxide. It is also called the shorthand of expressing the types and the number of atoms. So, for example, dito sa ating carbon, kapag wala kayong nakikitang katabi niya na subscript, that means merong one na carbon atom. Kapag meron naman dito sa... 2, meron dito sa oxygen, ibig sabihin, ang number of atoms niya ay 2. 2 oxygen.
Pero kapag carbon lang, kahit wala kayong nakikita dito na number, ibig sabihin po niyan, merong 1 atom. Okay? So, ito na ang subscript na sinasabi natin.
Chemical symbol kasi, abbreviation that represents the name of an element. So, isang symbol natin, ito nga ang carbon, Tapos isang O, oxygen. So, itong dalawa, these are chemical symbols. Chemical symbol ng carbon is capital letter C.
Chemical symbol ng ating oxygen is capital letter O. Then, yung maliit na number, ito yung tinatawag na subscript. The small number written at the lower right corner. So, mas maliit siya. Hindi siya kasing pantay or kasing taas ng...
font size ng ating carbon dioxide. Okay? So, common name, kasi ang topic natin is yung chemical formula of common household elements.
Common name natin, we have the table salt, or yan yung alam natin na asin. Chemical compounds niya, we have the sodium chloride. Chemical formula, NaCl. So, Na, yun yung sodium.
Cl is chlorine. Ano yung uses? We have the condiment and the food preservative. So, ginagamit yung asina sa condiment, sausawan natin, ganyan, panghalo din sa pagkain, or pang-preserve.
Next is the baking soda. That is also called the sodium bicarbonate. We have sodium, Na. Ito H is hydrogen.
Meron tayo ditong carbon. Meron tayong oxygen. Pero pagdating dito sa oxygen, tatlo ang kanyang number of atoms.
Baking soda is an ingredient in baking. Next, we have the lye or the caustic soda. Chemical compound, sodium hydroxide.
Na, sodium pa rin. O, meron tayong oxygen. Meron din niyang hydrogen.
So, tigay isa lang sila ng atoms. Parang katulad dito, Na, dahil meron dito isang invisible na number, ibig sabihin may one atom. Ang ating Cl ay wala rin number dito pero may invisible dyan na one, one atom.
So balik tayo sa caustic soda, manufacturer of paper, soap, and detergents. Next, we have the muriatic acid, hydrochloric acid yung tawag dyan. Capital H for the hydrogen and then Cl for chlorine. So hydrochloric acid, ginagamit din natin for cleaning, diba? Next, we have the ammonia or ammonium hydroxide.
N for nitrogen and then we have three atoms of hydrogen. Isa lang yung nitrogen dito. Pagdating dito sa hydrogen, meron tayong tatlo. Ayan, nakikita natin yung subscript.
And yung ammonia, ginagamit siya as fertilizer at saka explosives. Next, we have the consumer products. So, dahil alam na natin yung mga chemical compounds, pati yung mga chemical formula nila, diba? So, punta na tayo sa consumer products.
So, analyze muna natin to. Analyze the picture, then answer the guide questions. Kung the picture is a soap, which problem is being addressed by the invention of the bath soap?
Tapos, what substances are needed to make bath soap? So, bakit napunta sa bath soap? Sabuti muna natin yung guide questions. Diba? Na-invento yung bath soap kasi kailangan natin ng panlinis ng ating katawan.
Then, what substances? Kanina meron tayo sinabi sa chemical compound. So, let us answer this table, fill out this table. Consumer product natin is bath soap.
Some chemical components, we have the use, label of safeness, at saka cost. So, we have common components, glycerin. So, ilang number of atoms yung ating carbon, ilang atoms yung hydrogen, ilang atoms yung ating...
oxygen. Makikita natin sa subscript, yung carbon meron siyang 3 atoms, yung hydrogen meron siyang 8 atoms, yung oxygen meron siyang 3 atoms. Another chemical component is the sodium hydroxide or the NaOH. So, Na para sa sodium, tapos meron tayong O para sa oxygen, and H para sa hydrogen.
Another chemical compound is the titanium dioxide. Ti for the titanium, tapos dioxide, O. So, isa lang yung sa titanium, pero dalawa sa oxygen.
Kaya di means to dioxide. Next, we have the triclosan. C, 12 atoms, carbon yan. Hydrogen, we have 7 atoms. Chlorine.
13 atoms, oxygen 2 atoms. So, syempre, alam natin yung bath soap, ano yung use nyan? Ayan To cure skin infection and syempre, improve yung ating personal hygiene.
Kaya, kailangan maligo tayo lagi. Safeness. Yan. Generally, safe. Basta, external use.
Yung iba nga lang, allergic kasi depende nga sa katawan din, tsaka depende sa sabon. Pero, So, pag external lang naman, generally, karamihan talaga ng soap natin ay safe. Cost.
So, syempre, affordable kasi yung mga non-branded. Pero yung iba naman ay medyo mahal din. So, ingredients of bath soap. Para saan yung glycerin na sinabi natin kanina?
Ito yung moisturizer. Para naman, pag nagsabon tayo, hindi naman mag-dry yung ating mga skin. Main ingredient ng sabon natin is sodium hydroxide.
Ito naman titanium dioxide dinadagdag para ang ating pong sabon ay maging opaque. Ibig sabihin, hindi transparent yung sabon natin. Para solid yung kanyang pagiging color, hindi tatagos yung light doon sa sabon.
Kaya yung pag nakita nyo yung solid yung color ng isang sabon, merong mga color green, color white, color blue. O yung iba, color pink o kaya orange. Next, we have the triclosan.
Ito naman yung antibacterial ingredient. So, kailangan talaga ito sa ating bath soap. Ito yung mga purpose din or uses ng ating different chemical compounds.
So, vocabulary words, syempre sabi natin kanina. Alam na natin yung mga chemical compounds, pero... Pati yung sa consumer products. Dahil alam na natin na binibenta yung mga bath soaps na ganyan and other products, ito na ngayon yung ating idadagdag sa vocabulary words.
Ano yung cost? Siyempre, yan yung presyo ng ating product. Yun yung binibili natin.
For example, yung sabon nga na product natin, magkano yun? Consumer product, ito na yung final good. Bibili natin para sa personal na gamit o kaya Ayan, both for consumption by the average consumer. So, ito na yung pinaka-product natin. So, how about the science, technology, and society?
Siyempre, yung mga consumer products, nagagawa po yan dahil sa relationship ng ating science, technology, and society. Also called as S. T and S.
So, yung knowledge natin sa science, ginagamit yan para makapag-gawa or makapag-produce ng ating mga consumer products. Yun na yung technology natin. Para saan ba?
Diba, kailangan masolve yung mga problems ng ating community. Yun na yung society. So, yun yung kinalaman ng ating science sa technology at sa society.
So, for example, yung bat soap, isa siyang product. So, yun yung technology, di ba? Consumer product yan, sinosolve niya kasi yung mga problem ng ating society na skin infection and poor hygiene. So, that's all for our lesson today. Thank you for watching and listening.