SIADH vs. DI Lecture Notes

Introduction

Presenter: Mike Laris
Platform: simplenursing.com
Topic: SIADH (Syndrome of Inappropriate Anti-Diuretic Hormone) vs. DI (Diabetes Insipidus)
Action Item: Access free quiz and study guides via the provided link.

Definition: Condition where the body retains too much water, leading to low liquidy labs.
Mnemonic: SIADH = SI Soaked Inside
**Characteristics: **
- Stop urinating (low urine output)
- High urine specific gravity (> 1.30)
- Low serum osmolality
- Low sodium (hyponatremia, < 135)
- Symptoms: Headache, confusion, agitation
- Severely high blood pressure
- Seizures (from low sodium)
- Set up seizure precautions
- Labs: Decreased blood osmolality, decreased sodium (< 135)

Produced by: Posterior pituitary at the base of the brain
Mnemonic: ADH = Adds to H2O
Function: Keeps fluid in the body, reduces urine output, increases blood pressure
Synthetic Forms: Desmopressin, vasopressin
- Used to decrease urine output
- Presses up blood pressure
- Caution: Headaches as a sign of too much fluid

Definition: Low sodium (< 135)
Causes: Swelling in the brain, leading to cerebral edema, seizures, and death
Early Signs: Headache, confusion, agitation
Precautions: Set up seizure precautions for SIADH

7 S's of SIADH:
1. Stop urinating: Low urine output, high urine specific gravity
2. Soaked inside: Swollen with fluid
3. Low liquidy labs: Decreased serum osmolality, hyponatremia
4. Low sodium: Headaches, confusion, agitation
5. Seizures: Low sodium causes cerebral edema
6. Severely high blood pressure: Due to fluid retention
7. Set up seizure precautions: For low sodium-induced seizures

Opposite of SIADH: Drains a lot of fluid, leading to high and dry lab values
- Mnemonic: DI = DI Dry Inside