hello everyone this is paul hill from itflea.com and in this video i'm going to be getting you exposure to the it feel now this is a beginner level training so if you're advanced you already have an i.t job you work in the it field all the time this video is not targeted towards you so this is for people who don't know much about the it field but want to learn the basics all right and what i'm going to be teaching you is we're going to be downloading uh virtualbox and building a virtual environment we're going to be installing windows server 2012 r2 okay and this is all going to be done from your home computer and for free you're not going to pay for anything everything in this video is free so what i want my goal is is that when a lot of times when you're trying to get into the it field you don't have experience you don't know where to start you don't know what to do to get experience and therefore you can get a job because employers are looking for people with experience well this course in this video particularly is going to give you exposure and experience with windows server 2012. now i on my website itfield.com this is all i have the course on here as well you don't have to go on the website though you can just watch the video here on youtube and this my site is just focused all i do is help people get it jobs and advance their i.t careers if they already have them but this course in particular is for people that don't know anything about it and just want to get started so if you have any questions you can go on my site and contact me also subscribe to my site subscribe to my youtube channel and please like this uh this video if it helps you out at all so i'm gonna quit talking now we're going to get right into it we're going to build some virtual machines installments over 2012 and and get some basic it experience so i hope this training helps you guys and i will see y'all later a virtual machine or vm is an emulation of a physical computer basically you're running a computer within a computer here are some of the advantages to this technique you'll notice in this example we only have one physical host the desktop computer this means potentially we're using less electricity outputting less heat which that's important in data center environments and thus being more environmentally friendly we also didn't have to pay for computer hardware or other accessories like monitors keyboards mice for each of the vms we simply use the host attached devices we can also clone these virtual machines very quickly and make backups if necessary and since these machines are virtual we can send them electronically across the world without having to pay to ship 60 pound servers so virtual technology is very commonly used and it's something that you're gonna have to be familiar with you need to understand how virtual machines work so continue on the next lectures and you'll grasp an understanding of how to build the vms and how to operate them so i'll see in the next lectures okay so we're going to go ahead and download our software that's going to manage our virtual machines so the software is called virtualbox so we're going to go to www.virtualbox.org okay so it's pre-filled for me so i'm going to hit enter all right we're going to click on this download section over here and we're going to download virtualbox 5.0.10 for windows host now this version it could be different for you if it sets a different version it's not a big deal so we'll just click the x86 amd and we'll hit save okay we'll view this download all right and we'll just wait for this to finish downloading okay so that has gone ahead and downloaded so i'm going to click run all right bring this over here so we're going to click next and we're just going to go ahead and leave all these options checked and we'll select next again i'm not going to create one on the quiz launch bar you can leave that there if you want and we're going to want to register file associations and we're going to want to create a desktop shortcut that's fine we'll say yes install okay so we got that installing now it's asking me would you like to install device drivers or device software now we're going to want to go ahead and say yes install okay so we're going to go ahead and say start oracle vm virtualbox after installation so leave that check and click finish all right and there we go now what i'm going to do is i'm going to go ahead and close out of this web browser and i'm going to take my shortcut and i'm going to stick it over here on the desktop so now that we got this installed we're ready to go ahead and download server 2012 so i'll see you in the next lecture in this lecture we're going to learn how to manage and create virtual machines using oracle vm virtualbox so the first thing we need to do is start up virtualbox and once that comes up we can see this was where all of our vms will be listed now you can see i have a group here and within that group i have two vms one's a domain controller and one's just a windows 10 workstation now you're not going to have any of that because i created all that in another course another udemy course that i teach so what to create a new vm what we're going to do is click the new button in the top left corner and this is where we'll name the virtual machine now this is just the name of the virtual machine relating to virtualbox this isn't actually the computer name of the virtual machine so i'm just going to name this test virtual machine okay if whatever reason it thinks it's going to be linux when i type in test virtual i don't know what's up with that but i'm going to change it over to windows and i'm going to do server 2012 64-bit now if you don't have a 64-bit computer you can do you know windows 7 32-bit or windows 8 32-bit or just pick one of these 32-bit operating systems like windows 10 you can actually download windows 10 for free so if you need to you can do something like that okay and then there's also as a side note there's also ubuntu which you can download for free and we'll get more into that and further down the course so i'm gonna click next and this is where we specify the amount of random access memory or ram and it's specified in megabytes so it's not two thousand gigabytes uh so 2048 is two gigs that's good enough for what we need so i'm just going to click next you can create the virtual hard disk now which is what we're going to do or you can use an existing hard disk file of and you can see here they have the other two virtual machines listed i could use those hard disk files uh not really a good idea for what i need right now you can also create the virtual machine without a hard disk file which is also not really a good idea for what we're trying to do at this point in time which is create a virtual machine and get it running so we'll create the virtual hard disk now click create and this is where we select the format now we're going to choose vdi and you can choose these other formats are compatible with different software the vmdk you can use with vmware and so forth but the vdi is fine for what we're going to do now to choose either dynamically allocated or fixed size it's a pretty simple choice and you pretty much want to do dynamically allocated the only time you want to choose fixed size is when you're really concerned about never running out of hard drive space and filling up your vms to the max so if you're creating if you want to create five virtual machines and you know they're going to be create filled up to the max then you might want to choose a fixed size hard disk the difference is if you choose dynamically allocated and you want to have a 50 gigabyte hard drive dynamically allocated will create a hard disk file that's as small as it can be which i believe is 2 megabytes and it's going to fill up to 50 gigabytes as you use the operating system as you install software etc if you choose a fixed size then the hard drive is just going to be 50 gigabytes no matter how much is actually on the vm so dynamically allocated makes sense for what we're trying to do okay click next now this is where we actually set the size of the hard drive since we chose dynamically allocated this is the maximum size that the hard disk file can take up on our host machine and the maximum size that the hard disk can appear on the vm so when someone goes in onto this vm and they go to my computer they're going to see your hard disk size is 25 gigabytes so click create that's good enough for us and here we can see that it dropped it into this other group here which i don't want so i'm just going to drag it outside the group i'm going to minimize this group and i'm going to right click on this vm and i'm going to create a new group and i'm just going to call it actually i have to right click again and select rename group i'm just going to call this test group there we go so now we have we're all we're all organized we have w to me domain and we have test group so i'm not going to be confused i'm not going to be clicking on the wrong vm or doing anything silly like that i can right click on the vm and i have settings i can clean the vm i can remove the vm which if i click that it'll ask me do i want to delete all files or remove only difference is this will actually clear it off of the hard disk this and remove only will only clear it from the inventory all right so it'll just take it so we can't see it here anymore i'm just going to click cancel because i want to keep this and i'm going to right click actually one more thing if i click on show and explore it'll pop up here and here you can see the test virtual machine dot vdi file this is the virtual disk image and it's two megabytes like i thought it was i was right two megabytes so if we set this to fixed size then this hard disk file would be 25 gigabytes even though we don't have any files stored in the hard drive yet okay so these are our virtualbox machine files just leave all those and we'll close out of this okay so i'm going to right click and i'm going to select settings because what we need to do at this point is mount the windows server 2012 iso or whatever operating system you want to install you'll get the cd or the disk image in an iso format usually it's how you get it i'm going to select that iso file and i'm going to mount it so i can launch and boot to that disk now under general we have different settings that i don't think will i don't think we'll care to change any of these i'm not worried about encryption you this you might want to change the memory if you find it's too slow you can change this boot order that's very very handy virtualbox does not allow you to boot to an external hard drive so if you bring in a usb drive you can't plug it into your computer and boot to it does not allow it you can raise the processors different things like that you know there's different settings in here that you're probably not going to ever mess with now what we need to do is click on this little disk icon which says empty and we'll select this drop down and i've already these are files that i've recently used so you're not going to have any of these listed more than likely now what you need to do is click choose virtual optical disk file and you'll browse to wherever you downloaded your iso file so you can choose dmg or rso or cdr file now i'm just going to cancel because i already have it listed here and for whatever reason microsoft likes to make these really complicated names this is basically windows server 2012 so i'm just going to click on win blue refresh blah blah blah okay now one more thing that i might want to point out to you is under network this is attached to an added adapter and the only thing that you really need to know is that if you want to change if you want your virtual machines to communicate to each other which we will at a later point you'll want to change this to internal network but for our purposes right now we want to leave this at nat okay so we'll click ok all right so the virtual machine has been configured we can see a quick overview at a glance of the settings there's our windows 10 or i'm sorry windows server 2012 iso is mounted we see it as two gigs of ram you can just browse down and look at these different settings and we are done that is how you create and manage a virtual machine so i will see you in the next lecture all right in this lecture we're going to go ahead and download server 2012 so i'm going to go ahead and start internet explorer okay and we're just gonna search for uh let's see windows server 2012 and we'll just do r2 download okay and it says right here try windows server 2012 r2 okay we'll click there all right so it brought us straight down to it's pretty smart the website's pretty smart so it dropped us right down to server 2012 r2 there's a 180 day evaluation download that's available for free now you just need to register that's it so i've already registered so i'm going to go ahead and sign in so i will drag this off screen that way there's no personal data exposed okay so i've went ahead and logged in now we're going to want to choose the isos the file type so we're going to say register to continue okay and i'm just gonna leave all this blank so you can't see any of this information i'm just i'm gonna click continue okay just keep clicking continue through the screens click that again am i not filling something out no okay this is just slow all right so we're gonna go for this long file name down here at the bottom okay it's the wind blue refresh uh you know 140 317 blah blah blah blah okay so it's 64-bit so we're going to go ahead and click download and it's 4.22 gigabytes and we're going to click save okay all right and now we're going to wait for this to download all right so the download is completely finished now i am storing it on a x uh not an external but a second hard drive so i'm not going to drag it to my desktop so here's the file it's completely downloaded 4.22 gigabytes and we are ready to start installing server 2012 so i will see you in the next lecture okay so in this lecture we're going to install windows server 2012. so the first thing we need to do is power on the virtual machine and you can see right here we already have the iso mounted so we'll go ahead right click and say start normal start okay the vm window appears here now we can do right control and f and that will bring up full screen on a virtual machine now we're doing english us united states click next we'll select install now okay so let's expand this and take a look at what our options are here now like i said before it's all 64-bit for windows server now we can install server core installation or server with the gui and their standard and data center basically the difference is how many licenses you can apply uh it's basically purchase and volume options uh we're just gonna pick data center and we're gonna do server with a gui now server core does not come with oh i like pretty obvious it doesn't come with all the gui options so it runs faster and it microsoft's really pushing sysadmins to code kind of go this way and manage the server cores from one server with a gui so you'll have maybe five window servers and four of them will be server core and then one will be server with the gui you manage the four servers with the core from the one server that you have with the gui that's where they're pushing the the kind of direction if you take uh the mcsa exam you'll find this that that's what they're recommending but we're just going to do server with the gui and click next okay accept the license terms now we're going to select custom and we're going to install windows only and it says advanced i don't really know why it says that the other option is to upgrade and we don't have anything installed so we have to choose custom now we're going to choose drive zero and we don't have anything on here you can see it's got free 25 gigabytes if there was data on here we could click format and just wipe out the data but we don't need to do any of that so we'll go ahead and click next now we just need to wait for windows server to finish its installation all right so this is where we're going to set the password for the local administrator account now you can see the username there is administrator it's not admin it's full fully spell administrator and i'm going to go ahead and create my password you might want to write this down or use a password that you remember because if you forget it you're going to be in a little bit of trouble you have to rebuild or reinstall windows so i'm going to click finish all right so now we can log in so on virtualbox if i hit right control and delete it's the same as pressing ctrl delete if i actually press ctrl delete it'll lock my windows host so it won't lock it it'll bring up the task screen so i'm going to log in with the password i just created all right so we're prompted about this network do you want to find pcs devices content on this network i'm just going to say yes i don't really care okay and now we have server manager we'll go into more detail on this later so what we want to do now is go ahead and pop out a full screen mode and we need to install the virtualbox tools so the way you do that is click on devices and click insert guest additions cd image okay so we're going to scroll down all right and here's the disk pop this open and then we'll select next install and this allows things like copying from one computer from your host into the vm clipboard sharing and things like that and also drag and drop onto the desktop okay so once it's reboot we'll just say we'll review it later all right so we're closed out of that and we are all done with this lecture we have server 2012 installed we've installed the guest additions and that's it for this lecture so i'll see you guys in the next lecture all right so in this lecture i'm going to teach you how to rename your server so let's right click on the server and we're going to click start and normal start so now that it's powered on i'm going to hit right control and hit f and that'll bring it into full screen mode and i have server manager here so if you don't see server manager you can click down here on the left and pop it up also make sure you're on the local server tab on the left and not under the dashboard otherwise you won't see this information and right here under computer name i'm going to click on this little blue text here okay so i'm going to drag this to the middle of the screen so i can see what's going on now we can see the full computer name is this windows and then some random string and then we can see the work group now i'm going to click change and here you can set it to be a member of a domain if you've set up a domain on your local network or you can set to a work group if you haven't set up a domain or you don't know what a domain is then you don't want to set it to the setting although it's really it would be good for you to look into how to set up a domain and that'd be really valuable experience so you might want to chase that chase that down i teach a course on that uh by the way if you want to look into it or learn more about it so under the computer name i'm going to change it to just t serve and i'm just going to call it 2012. so stands for test server 2012 something i just made up you can make up whatever you want generally in enterprise environments i see server names being named after the airport code whatever role they're taking on so if it's a domain controller it'll be named like dc 101 or if it's an update server it might be called us 101 or something like that so i'm going to go with tserv 2012. so i know it's a 2012 server and i know it's a test server okay so i'm going to click ok ok it's going to ask me to restart i'm going to click close and then i'll be prompted to restart so i'm going to say restart now okay so let's log back in and let's make sure that it changes the computer name okay so it's booting up here comes server manager now let's click on local server and here we can see computer name is tserv 2012. alright so that wraps up this lecture great job and i'll see you in the next one all right now it's time for us to learn how to check for operating system updates or windows updates so let's click on the windows button and we'll go over to control panel and where you see this view by up here in the top right we're going to right click on the category i'm sorry left click and we're going to choose small icons and this just gives us more options it's it's more like the old windows 7 or xp uh control panel so we'll click in the bottom right corner windows update gives you your last option and once that comes up we can see here that we've never checked for updates we've never installed updates and we're receiving updates for windows only so what we're going to do is we're going to click on the left here and we're going to say check for updates okay and this since it's the first time it's going to take quite a while to run so we're going to let this run and we'll check back in a few minutes all right so it's done checking for updates and we can see we have 180 important updates and 29 optional updates so if we look over here at the optional updates we can see what these are so if we wanted to see more information about any of these vulnerabilities we can click on the more information button but before we do that uh we haven't set up our web browser configuration yet and what i mean by that is we need to turn off enhanced security okay so click over here on server manager and click on local server okay so ie enhanced security configuration it's turned on basically this is going to pop up and ask us to add in a security exception for any kind of different website that we try to visit so what i need to do is click on the on button here and we want to turn it off for administrators okay so there's administrators and it's regular users we're going to select all for administrators and we're going to click ok ok so ie enhanced security configuration is turned off so now if we wanted to see more information we could click this button right here it will bring open internet explorer and this is just telling us that protected mode is turned off we're just going to ignore that and say don't show this message again all right here we go so virtual machines do not respond to your operations and blah blah blah blah okay it's the first time i've used internet explorers it's asking me i'm just going to say recommended settings so you can read more about the vulnerability cause resolution and etc so you can see the kb number is listed here so if you wanted to you can look up any number that you wanted you just type it in after the kb in the url so this is kb three one three three six eight one and we're looking at three three earth i'm sorry three one three three six eight one okay and closed out of that and we could do the same for each one of these updates if we wanted to and same goes for important updates uh you know a lot of times these are security updates to keep you from getting hacked or getting viruses on your computer etc anything that makes the operating system vulnerable so we have 179 updates selected so i'm just going to go ahead and click install all right so it's going to download the updates and we'll just wait for that to finish all right so it's done installing the updates so it wants us to reboot so we'll go ahead and do that all right so now we're going to log in and check on these updates so hit right control and delete type in our administrator password okay so we'll click start control panel windows updates all right so if we go to check for updates i'm sorry if we go to view update history we can view these are all the updates that were installed okay so we'll go back and there's three more important updates 29 optional updates if we wanted to go in we could go and install those updates i don't believe it's necessary so that concludes this lecture i'll see you in the next one okay so now we're going to learn how to manage local user accounts on our server so what we're going to do is we're going to click over here in the bottom left corner on the windows button and we're going to go to control panel next we're going to click on user accounts and we're going to click on user accounts again now let's click on manage another account okay so here we can view all the accounts so we have a guest account which is turned off at the at the moment and then we have the administrator account which is this is the account that we set up when we install the operating system now if we wanted to turn on the account we can select it and we can choose turn on or we can just leave it off okay or we can add a new user account so we'll click down here in the bottom left i'm going to name this test and i'm going to create a password it has to be a secure password you can't use a password like test or you know abcd123 or something like that it might work i don't think it will uh and then you need to type in a password hint so i'll just type in hint because i don't really care i'm going to click next okay so we're going to add the following user click finish and notice it says local account okay versus local being versus domain account all right so now we have the account here and we can select it we can choose we can change the name we can change the password we can change the account type which basically from a standard user to administrator someone who can make changes to a pc versus someone who can't we're just going to click cancel all right or we can click manage another account so let's go ahead and let's test out our test account so i'm going to hit right control and delete and i'm going to select switch user okay right control and delete again and you can see the account appears here in the list so i'm going to click test i'm going to type in the password i created for this account alright so it brings us to our desktop so if we click here we can see that our account is test in the top right and if we go under control panel for example and we'll go to uninstall programs let's just right click on this and say uninstall continue and you can see that it prompts us under user account control for an administrator password this is because we created this user account as a standard account so we cannot uninstall or reinstall programs okay so the standard account is more restricted than the administrator account so we're done here let's just click the start button select the name and click sign out okay now let's log back into our administrator account okay so this pops back up so we can see the difference is that this has this is an administrator account and this is not so if we wanted to change this to administrator we just click there and choose administrator account then it would be able to do all the other functions that the administrator default administrator account can do now you could just type in the administrator account password and you would be able to use this account as a standard account some some security policies will require you to use what they call elevated permissions and it's where you log into a standard account like our test account and then when you need to do an administrative action you type in the username and password of your administrator account okay just all options that you have so let's go ahead and click on the test account and let's delete it so click delete the account and here we can choose whether we want to keep these files or delete the user's files and in our case we don't need to keep any of its you know favorites pictures or anything like that so we're going to click delete files and it's going to ask us again are you sure you want to delete the account we'll click yes or we'll click delete account sorry oops okay there we go so that's how you manage accounts on windows server 2012. in this lecture i'm going to show you how to manage windows features and roles on server 2012. so i'm going to right-click on the virtual machine i'm going to click settings and what we need to do first is mount the iso that we use to install the operating system so select storage click on the disk drive here and we'll click the drop down and we're going to select the win boo refresh okay now check the live cd slash dvd check box and click ok alright so now we want to show the virtual machine so right click and do show and i'm going to hit right control and f to bring it into full screen all right so we can see the message up there in the top right saying the disk was mounted and we can verify it by opening windows explorer and we can see the disk right there so now we'll close that and now what we can do is we can either click here add roles and features or we can click manage add rules and features doesn't matter which one you click okay so it's just a little welcome screen all right we're going to do a roll based or feature based installation okay so click next and this is a server pool we only have one server on on this network so we're just going to collect test serve 2012 whatever you named your server we'll click next and here we can add in any of these features now i recommend that you go through and just add different features and see what they do try to learn how to work with them i teach an entire course on active directory domain services there's a lot that goes into each of these little check boxes here it's not like you don't just check a box click next and then you're done there's a lot that goes into it so but you can definitely learn about it like if you google setting up a dns server uh you'll come up with different tutorials and and different things where you can learn how to set this stuff up uh so what we're going to add is we're going to the very bottom and we're going to choose windows server essentials experience okay the only reason we're picking this is so that you can understand how you add roles and features so it's going to pop up and it's going to say that if you want to add this role you need to add these amount of features so these features are all or this i'm sorry this role is dependent on all these features so we'll click the add features button so automatically add those features we'll click next and at this point we can go ahead and choose additional features if we want them but we don't so we'll just click next okay we're just like next again keep clicking next you can read these screens if you're interested and then here's more role services just click next now on this confirmation screen we need to specify the disk that we mounted the server 2012 installation disk so what i'm going to do is i'm going to type or i'm going to click on specify an alternate source path okay and this is where we can type in or we can enter the alternate source path basically what we're doing the installation files for these roles and features are not stored on the server they're stored on the installation disk so open windows explorer right click on this thing i'm sorry right click on the cd and click open and we'll go to sources and sxs okay now this is the path that we need to specify so right click up here in the navigation bar and right click say copy and we can close this window we're done with it and right here in this path we're going to right click and say paste click ok all right so now we're ready to install it so we'll click install all right so the feature is done installing so i'm going to click on close and we see up here we have notifications let's click on this notification and it's asking us to do the post deployment configuration so let's go ahead and click configure windows server essentials so here we can type in a company name and i'm just going to type in itfleet that's the name of my website and we will just go ahead and click next so now i'm going to make an administrator account name and i'm just going to use paul h and i'll just make up the password here all right click configure so now it's going to prepare our server so we're going to let this run and then once it's complete we'll check back all right so the post deployment configuration is complete i had to reboot the workstation and now i'm just going to log back in and first thing i want you to notice is that before administrator says it flee and that's the name of our domain so let me go ahead and log into the account all right now i'm going to open server manager and you can see we have the little uh the dashboard for windows server essentials on the desktop you can open that if you're interested and we have these new tools here on the side and if we click up here on tools we have different tools like active directory using computers sites and services and so forth so i'll just pop up an active director using computers this is a a major technology that you want to get your hand your head wrapped around you want to understand how to use this you can right click make a new user account and then log into it i have another course that goes pretty deep into active directory so you can check that out if you're interested of course group policy management is another major technology that you need to understand how to use so you can right click on your domain and create gpos and do different like change the desktop background um change you know different various settings on the computer so yep that's it last thing that i want to show you is if you want to remove a feature click manage and click remove roles and features click next select next because we're changing this local server and then under server rules what you do is just uncheck the box and you'd select remove features and it would go through the uninstall process you'd have to reboot and pretty much repeat the exact same steps that you chose before so i'll click cancel cancel and that is how you manage features and roles on windows server 2012. i'll see you in the next lecture okay in this lecture we're going to cover event viewer and windows logs so on server 2012 one way to start event viewer is to click on tools and then select event viewer right here in the list if you're on another operating system such as windows 7 or windows 10 or windows 8 you can also type in excuse me type that right event viewer and then click it that way okay so event viewer is not something that's restricted to just server 2012 or server 2008 or 2003 etcetera now when let me explain how this works and what this is basically when something happens when you go to install a program on a windows operating system it creates what are called logs and these logs are stored in event viewer or to be more specific they can be viewed through event viewer so if someone restarts your computer remotely it'll be tracked in event viewer if you clear the audit log it'll be tracked in event viewer if you uninstall program it'll be tracked if there's an error then it'll also be logged in event viewer okay so this first little tab right here we can create custom views but we're not very interested in that we're not going to create any of these custom views so we're going to ignore that and we're going to go right to windows logs now we have application logs which will give us application level logs just like it says it's pretty simple we can click through here and you can see the software protection services started you can click through here and just look it's a lot of uh information that you're gonna have to google because you might not know if you're new to computers you might not know what svc host does there's all this different information and you don't generally just come through and browse through event viewer generally you'll have some kind of problem you'll try to install a program or a windows feature and it'll air out it'll fail at that point you would go to event viewer and you would say okay i tried to install the program at 7 56 a.m and it failed so you would go to your logs and you would look for your logs at 7 56 a.m okay so what i'm going to do is i'm going to go through and look at security now we have two types under security and we have audit success and audit failures now here we can see that let's just look at this real quick an account was logged off all right so let's we can scroll down in this little pane here and just see the details now the account name was t serve 2012 with the dollar sign at the end that is the local computer account okay so nothing big here nothing wrong nothing to worry about it's just saying that the account has successfully logged off now let's see if i can find where we actually log in don't know if i'll be able to find that because there's so many logs in here and you can see up here it says number events 44 000 and then it has an exclamation mark that means there's new events so if i press f5 now i have all the latest events now the second as you can see it's already happened a new log was just created and i have to refresh again so 44 755 logs in a second there'll be more new logs and uh it just kind of keeps going and going and going and it'll overwrite see we got more new logs again so a lot of times if you're into the information insurance field or counter hacking you'll be going through the security logs and you'll be looking for what's called uh audit failures and i'll sort this so i can try and get these at the top just might take a second so we can just look through these different things if we wanted to look up this code we can google that code it'll probably return some results it doesn't always sometimes you run this really ambiguous or obscure error and you won't be able to find information on it but generally you can look up these return codes and find out exactly what's going on there's a task category the level is information uh so you know we can go through here's another log on so so something failed to log on again the computer account for whatever reason failed to log on there's a log on id there and then we'll have the same sorry sub status but you can look up these uh the status codes or you can google this sub status code and try and figure out exactly what is causing the issue and then you would also want to include that it's lsass.exe lsas so you can just browse through this information and we have the setup which this is mostly in here it's all the windows updates that i installed so you can just see that windows event viewer is just it basically tracks everything that happens on the computer uh nobody just browses through this stuff no one looks at this unless they're looking for something specific whether it's you know a hacker intruding your system you might want to look for you know failed logon attempts or something like that and there's a lot of software that costs thousands and thousands of dollars that will uh grab all these logs and put them into an interface that's a lot easier to read like for example uh we've used gfi events manager where that we would have 500 workstations and it would go to all those workstations and grab all the security logs and then we'd be able to review them for all of our workstations and it would sort and say hey this user failed to log in you know five times in a row and it just gives you hints on if there's a brute force attack on your network and different things like that but if you don't have software like that then you're stuck with event viewer which is much more difficult to sort through the information so we can see that this is you know the update number that installed it was successful target state installed we have some system logs that we could look through uh the windows update services enter the running state so if you're troubleshooting something at 704 am it was like man i don't think the update services the update service started well you could go through the logs you can find it here and say okay it did start so we have information level and then we have if i sort we have let's see errors and warnings under application you can sort through all these and try you're always going to have errors happen these errors are just happening on their own i haven't done anything to generate these errors so you're always going to have some errors so i wouldn't worry about the air showing up in the logs unless something is breaking so if you're trying to complete something and it's not working then it's time to come through here and find okay let's see if i have if i have any errors or warning messages or anything like that so to clear a log you can right click and say clear log and it'll ask you if you want to save the logs before you want to clear it and it'll save it to some type of log file but we just click clear and now we don't have any events so if we do this under security clear log and say clear it leaves one log in here saying the event the audit log was cleared by itv administrator that's the account that i'm logged into right now okay so that's how you work with event viewer that's how that's the purpose of event viewer and i hope that gives you some information um if you're if you basically if you run into a problem and you're not getting a good error that you can google or something like that it's kind of obscure then you need to open event viewer and you need to start digging in it's not much fun it's very tedious but it'll definitely get the job done and definitely tell you what's going on with your network so all right good job and i will see you in the next lecture in this lecture i want to introduce you to batch scripts now this is going to be a very basic overview and i could really make a whole course on uh batch scripting but i just want to get your feet wet and let you know that you can make bath scripts and how to do them uh and that way you can kind of take the lead with it and just learn more about it on your own so maybe i can make a course about it later if you guys asked me to or i can add more info uh to this course about batch scripting if you're interested uh so let's go ahead and just hit the windows key and let's open command prompt so we can type in commands right here so we can list the directory by typing dir we can make directories using mk dir so just make a directory called test oops make sure you spell it right and now if we type in dir again and this list will see the folder test and there it is at the bottom okay so we could delete the directory if we wanted to uh we can echo things you know echo hello world and then it puts echoes hello world i guess you don't need the quotation marks on when you're echoing stuff uh so but we can create a script that would make actions as to create directories and files delete folders delete files uh or anything that's repetitious you can write a script called a batch script that will create the directories delete directories as you need and do various other tasks so let's do that so i'm going to clo and the reason why i showed you command prompts is because it uses the command prompt coding language so anything you can do in command prompt you can turn into a script you can list you know your network configuration if you wanted to write a script that would you know quickly do that you can set your ip and do different kind of things so it's pretty it's very broad the different things that you can do so i'm going to hit the windows key and i'm going to open notepad and we're just going to make our script in notepad so first thing i'm going to do is hit file save as and i'm going to go to the desktop and the save as type i'm going to change to all files okay and i'm going to call this script.bat now that stands for batch file so it's important that you're not saving it as a dot txt if i have this dot txd and i call it script.bat it'll end up being called script.bat.txt so we need the last extension to be bat b-a-t so i'm ready to save that so i'm going to hit save and we should see it pop up here on the left so you can see it has this gear icon it doesn't have the notepad icon that you see right here it has this gear icon so that lets us know that it's saving as a script so let's start writing the script so the first thing that you want to know is how to write a comment because when you're writing code it you might come back three months later and not remember what any of it does so if you write a comment you can explain what the code is doing so let's go ahead and just hit two colons and that is how you specify commas so anything i type in here will not be executed after these two colons so let's just say we're gonna use the at off echo command so we'll say turn off the echo so our script will look professional okay and so now we're going to type in at echo off so this will keep uh the batch file from showing unnecessary text and and we'll we'll go back and we'll turn this we'll delete this line and you'll see the difference okay now let's just do something kind of fun and let's change the color of our of our font so we're going to say change the color of our text to red and to do that we just type in color oops color four all right and let's make another comment and what we want to do is we want to give some kind of welcome message just because i'm trying to demonstrate what you can do with batch files so we'll just say uh echo a message that welcomes our users okay so now we're gonna type in echo uh welcome to my first script okay we don't need quotation marks and uh don't be confused that just because we say at echo off doesn't mean that the echo command will not work okay don't be confused about that so now let's go ahead and let's get some user input so get user input and store into a variable now what we're going to do is we're going to ask the user to enter their first name and then we're going to store it into a variable that we can use later now let's go ahead and use the set slash p and type in the name of the variable we're going to call this variable name so if we want to refer to this later we'll use percent name percent so we're going to say equals and then whatever our prompt message is so i'm going to say please enter your first name okay and then i'm doing a colon and a space okay so now let's now we have the user's name because they've entered it on this line the script will not advance until this variable has been set variable name so once we've set the variable name let's echo out a welcome message including the user's first name can't spell this so there's first name okay so let's say echo hello and then we're gonna use this variable right here so we're gonna type in percent name percent hello percent name percent um just write something crazy it's good to see you okay sure all right let's run this and see what happens okay so i'm gonna click on the script this will be interesting so it's asking for our first name so let's type in our first name but when we press enter the script just disappears so is it broken no actually it's not let's add another line and say wait for user input okay so we'll type in pause so what's happening is we're getting to this the script is pausing we're entering the name then it's completing the script echoing and then it's exiting the script so once the script is done once a batch file is done when you launch it just by clicking right here as soon as the script is done it exits the window so now that we entered this pause it'll pause right here and it'll wait for a key press so now let's type in paul and that here you can see it echoes out hello paul it's good to see you right and press any key to continue and then it closes the screen so let's make a directory called whatever the user enters so if i enter paul let's go ahead and build a directory called paul on the script so to do that we'll make a new line and say create a new directory based on the user's first name and the way to do that is just mk dr percent name percent okay that's it so now when we run the script i'm going to save the file double click the script please enter your first name paul hello paul it's good to see you close the script and here we can see it created a directory for us on the script and the script is named paul what i entered if i run this again and i name let's say my name is marvin so hi marvin it's good to see you now there's a folder for marvin so you can see that if i had to make 50 folders for one person and let's just say name underscore let's see uh pictures i don't know i'm just making something up on the fly and say we had to make three folders for every user that we created so i'm gonna delete these folders and we're gonna name one pictures music and we'll just call the other one software okay so we'll save this script say hello enter your first name name it paul hello it's good to see you close the script now we instantly created paul pictures paul music paul software so you can kind of see how this would be useful instead of having to manually create all three of these folders we could just script it we enter the name and then it creates the music the folders the software okay so there's so much more that you could do with batch scripts but i just want to kind of give you this brief introduction because my goal with this chorus is to get your feet wet and point you in the right direction so if the way you find out these commands basically i'll show you just give me a second here see okay pop this over here okay here's google so let's just say change color of batch file font how to change color of cmd with windows bash script and here we go so you find color zero we use color number four and that was red so if you don't know if you want to know how to do something just google what you want to do and nine times out of ten it comes up and you're good to go so close out of that and that's it so we're i'm just going to close the script and i'm going to delete these files because i don't need them i go ahead and delete well i guess yeah i'll delete the script too so just empty my recycle bin keep the file size small so that is your brief introduction into batch scripting i hope it helps you and the goal of computers is to complete tasks for you so we're not building if you have to do something redundant where you have a new user come in you have to build three folders for the user why not script it and have the computer do it for you instead of doing that task over and over again okay kind of defeats the purpose of computers the purpose of computers is automation so i hope that helps you guys and i will see you in the next lecture [Music] you