In 1420, the Emperor of the Ming Dynasty moved China's capital to what is now Beijing.
A vast complex of palaces and administrative buildings was constructed, covering 178 acres.
This complex became known as the Forbidden City because access was restricted to members of the imperial family and their associates.
Served as the ruling area for 24 Emperors of the Ming and Qing dynasties for over 500 years.
The construction involved 1 million workers over almost 20 years.
Symbolism in Design
Everything from the location, colors of roofs and walls, to the number of bosses on doors had symbolic meanings.
The design reflected the order the Emperor bestowed upon his empire.
Path to the Hall of Supreme Harmony
Visitors needed to pass several gates to reach the main entrance, the Meridian Gate.
Required to enter through smaller side doors, cross the river of golden water, and pass through another gate before reaching the Hall of Supreme Harmony.
The Hall of Supreme Harmony was the largest building in the Forbidden City.
Military and civil officials lined up for audience with the Emperor.
Emperor carried into the hall in a yellow palanquin, symbolizing his association with the dragon.
Inner Court
Daily business conducted in the inner court where the Emperor, his Empress, and concubines lived.
Layout mirrors the outer court but on a smaller scale, with residences and gardens giving a more intimate feel.
Despite luxuries, it was a 'golden cage'; inhabitants rarely left once they entered.
Precautions and Decline
Precautions against fires included animals and figures on the roofs guarding against fires and evil spirits.
The elaborate rituals and symbols could not prevent the end of China's empire in 1911.
Last Emperor Puyi abdicated at six years old.
Modern Era
The Forbidden City became accessible to ordinary people post-1911.