Cyclophosphamide and Iphosphamide

Overview

• Cyclophosphamide and Iphosphamide are anti-neoplastic and immunosuppressive drugs.
• Used to treat various cancers and autoimmune diseases like lupus and myasthenia gravis.
• Both drugs are part of a class known as alkylating agents.

Mnemonic Techniques

• Cyclops Symbol: Represents Cyclophosphamide (Cyclophosphamide Cyclops).
• Fossil Symbol: Represents Iphosphamide (Iphosphamide Fossil).

Clinical Uses

• Cancer Treatment: Used as chemotherapy agents for cancers such as leukemias, lymphomas, and lung cancers.
• Autoimmune Diseases: Due to their anti-inflammatory properties, they treat conditions like lupus and myasthenia gravis.

Mechanism

• Target and kill rapidly multiplying cells, affecting both cancer cells and immune cells that cause inflammation.

Side Effects

• Hemorrhagic Cystitis: Bladder damage causing bloody urine, represented by the cyclops urinating on a bloody cave wall.
  • Treatment/Prevention: Drink plenty of water.
• Bone Marrow Suppression: Reduced activity in bone marrow, symbolized by empty broken bones.
  • Causes anemia, infections, and bleeding due to decreased production of red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets.
• GI Disturbances: Nausea and vomiting due to the effect on the GI tract's rapidly dividing cells.
  • Managed with antiemetics prescribed before and after chemotherapy.

Review

• Cyclophosphamide and Iphosphamide treat a variety of cancers and autoimmune conditions.
• Notable side effects include hemorrhagic cystitis, bone marrow suppression, and gastrointestinal disturbances.

Additional Resources

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