Power System Lecture Notes

Jul 13, 2024

Power System Lecture Notes

Class Introduction

  • Addressing students and confirming clear audio.
  • Encouraging questions before starting the lecture.
  • Lecture focus: Basics of the Power System.
  • Plan: Cover Phase Sequence, Star and Delta Connections.
  • Mention of the importance of notifications related to exams, expecting them soon.

Power Systems Overview

  • Vast subject but today's focus on phase sequences and connections.
  • Future lectures to include both theory and MCQs.

Power System Topics

Phase Sequence

  • Explanation of phase sequence in a circuit.
  • Phases involved: A, B, and C.
  • Phase displacement: 120° apart.
  • Generating EMF in synchronous machines.
  • Relation between voltage and time domain.
  • Phasor representation and principles.
  • Observing phase sequences: ABC, BCA, and CAB (positive phase sequence).
  • Description of positive and negative phase sequences.
  • Switching between positive and negative phase sequences by interchanging two phases.
  • Distinction between positive and negative phase sequences.

Star (Y) and Delta (Δ) Connections

  • Fundamentals of star and delta connections.
  • Line voltage and phase voltage relationships.
  • Phasor diagrams and connection influence on voltage and current.
  • Star connection properties: Line voltage leading phase voltage by 30°.
  • Formula for line voltage: V_line = √3 * V_phase.

Balanced Systems

  • Definition of a balanced system.
  • Conditions for a balanced system: equal magnitudes and 120° phase displacement.
  • Example explanation with phasors.
  • Balanced star and delta connections.
  • Neutral current in balanced systems is zero.
  • Proofs and reasoning for potential differences.

Calculation Methods

  • Direct calculation examples for line and phase voltages.
  • Balancing equations and their implications for systems.
  • Practical application of phasor and sequence knowledge.

Exam Preparation Tips

  • Importance of preparing all subjects equally.
  • Real-life examples from past papers: Power vs. Distribution systems.
  • Strategies for dealing with different types of marking schemes.

Closing Remarks

  • Encouragement to ask clarifying questions.
  • Future lecture structure: mix of theory and practical questions.
  • Notification and interaction in upcoming lectures.

Overall Reminder: Make sure to grasp phase sequences and their implications in both star and delta systems, understand the relationship between line and phase voltages, and keep preparing evenly across all subjects.