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What change occurs in a body when subjected to an unbalanced force?
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An unbalanced force causes a change in the velocity or acceleration of the body.
How can the rate of change in momentum be described according to Newton's Second Law?
The rate of change in momentum is directly proportional to the external unbalanced force applied to it.
Give an example demonstrating Newton's Third Law of Motion.
Punching a wall. The force exerted by the punch (action) and the force exerted by the wall back on the fist (reaction) are equal and opposite.
List the six major tasks performed by a force.
1. Brings an object from rest to motion, 2. Brings an object from motion to rest, 3. Increases speed, 4. Decreases speed, 5. Changes direction, 6. Changes the shape of an object.
What does Newton's First Law of Motion state about an object's state of motion or rest?
An object will remain at rest or in uniform motion in a straight line unless acted upon by an external force.
What is Newton's Third Law of Motion and how do the forces involved act?
Newton's Third Law states that for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. These forces act on two different bodies.
Explain the inertia of rest with an example.
Inertia of rest refers to an object remaining at rest. For example, you lean forward when a vehicle suddenly stops because your body tends to remain at rest while the vehicle stops.
What is the significance of the conservation of momentum in Newton's laws?
It explains that in the absence of an external force, the total momentum of a system remains constant, which underlies both momentum and action-reaction laws.
What happens according to the inertia of motion if a moving car suddenly brakes?
You lean backward because your body tends to continue moving forward while the car decelerates.
What distinguishes a balanced force from an unbalanced force?
A balanced force has a net force of zero, causing no change in motion, while an unbalanced force has a non-zero net force, leading to a change in velocity or acceleration.
How does a decrease in time affect the force applied to an object?
If the time over which force is applied decreases, the force must increase to cause the same change in momentum.
What is meant by 'momentum' in physics?
Momentum is the product of an object's mass and its velocity (P = m * v).
Describe the inertia of direction with an example.
Inertia of direction refers to an object maintaining its direction. For example, when a vehicle turns, passengers lean sideways because their bodies resist the change in direction.
What is the mathematical expression of Newton's Second Law of Motion?
Force equals mass times acceleration (F = ma).
Describe the relationship between force and acceleration.
There is a direct relationship; as force increases, acceleration increases for a given mass.
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