Hello everyone, we'll talk about Culture and Anarchy, one of the masterpieces of Matthew Arnold. Culture and Anarchy is a controversial philosophical work written by the celebrated Victorian poet and critic Matthew Arnold, composed during the late 19th century by the late-19th century. a time of unprecedented social and political change. This work actually argues for a restructuring of England's social ideology.
So, Cultural Anarchy, it's a book, and at the same time, inside the book, we have an essay called Cultural Anarchy. It's a controversial philosophical work written by Matthew Arnold, the great poet and critic of the Victorian age and start to concentrate on this Victorian time which is full of social and political changes Actually this work start to reconstruct England's social ideology This is a book called Culture and Anarchy, one of the most important books written by Matthew Arnold in the Victorian age and the book had many articles, including an article called The Book of the World's Grand Anarchy which we will talk about as an article and as a book as a whole Of course, at that time, there were many social and political circumstances that changed a lot due to the French Industrial Revolution and how much society was affected by it and the emergence of the middle class as a special class at that time So, of course, the goal of Matthew Arnold was to make a return to the... the idea of the Victorian age society and focuses on the ideology or idealism to put together the important concepts to resist the difficult circumstances that existed at that time.
It reflects Arnold's passionate conviction that an educated English master could be moulded into a conscientious individual who strives for human perfection through the human being. harmonious cultivation of all of their skills and talents. So it reflects Arnold's desire to not only educate in society, but at the same time to concentrate on uneducated people to be civilized and cultured, not only through education, but through their desire or their need to be perfect and to be ideal in society.
and concentrate on their skills and talents, not only on their certificates. A crucial condition of Arnold's thesis is that a state-administrative system of education must replace the execclesiastical A program which emphasizes rigid individual moral conduct and the experience of free thinking and devotion to community. He started to concentrate on the idea of morality.
Morality is very important for Matthew Arnold and he likes to stress on this. concept several times and for him free thinking and devotion to community are important in society but more important is the idea of the morals. He said that he published certain concepts in the society that had to do with exemplaryism, culture, and free education, which had nothing to do with education in order to get a certificate or something like that, but a desire to improve the society, its classes, and improve its thinking.
This was his main goal in all the ideas that were present in his book, and especially the ones he tried to publish through the book or the article that he had to do with, called. The book was also published in the same way. much more than a mere treatise on the state of education in England you cultural anarchy is in the words of dover watson at once a masterpiece of vivacious prose a great both great defence of poetry a profoundly profoundly religious book and the finest apology for education in the English language so this is some idea of cultural anarchy on a very important writer that time Duval Wilson started to confess that this work actually is one of the masterpieces of prose in English literature and it started to be a defense of poet and poetry at the same time and if you like to find religion you will find religion in this book and apology for education in the English language.
So concentrate on prose and poetry, on poets, and at the same time religion and education. In his book, Dobar Wilson, one of the most important writers of that time, said that cultural anarchy was one of the most important works in literature, literature, poetry, religion, and at the same time, the defense of poetry and poetry. It was very important as a reminder of the educational market in the period before Matthew Arnold was present. Plot and measure characters. Although Arnold doesn't create specific fictional characters to exhibit his ideas in culture and anarchy, he does infuse his essence with an analytic persona that can best be described as a crotic figure.
So, Matthew Arnold in this book starts to create some characters and to build a plot, but he didn't intend to give fictional characters but characters that exhibit his ideas with an analytic persona like what... had mentioned in Socratic ideas, the ideas of the Greek Socrates or Aristotle, they use fictional characters or characters to express their ideas. Of course, it is very important that we know that there were certain characters in this book, Matthew Arnold dealt with them, and he did not mean to give them fictional or narrative characters, but he was aiming to have the idea through characters that he took from them, and a kind of dialogue. to focus on the fact that these ideas are rapidly being spread in society and of course this was a figure from the days of Socrates So the first group start to introduce or concentrate in the aristocratic class and start to give this aristocratic class a concept like which is barbarians or the aristocratic segment of society and start to consider that this class Didn't be involved inside the society and they were very far away from the the other classes of society and He didn't like something like this.
He likes to to be all the classes together, try to resolve problems of society and elevate society with all its classes. Of course, one of the first characters that Matthew Arnold started to express was the aristocratics. This class was seen as very distant from society and self-centered. It did not try to fit all classes and become part of society.
But it is a distant part and has nothing to do with the society. In a castle of their own. Of course, through the articles he wrote, his main goal was to to name the whole English society and name the concepts that make it stable and The second group for whom Arnold's personal services most scornful criticism is the Philistines, or the selfish and materialistic middle class who have been gulled into a torpid state of puritanism. self-centeredness by non-conforming religious sects so the second group is the middle class and this class Actually the most important class he likes to criticize most of the time. And he states that this class is very materialistic, self-centered, non-confirming religious sects, religion is not there with this class to a great extent.
So this is very important. The main aim of Arnold to concentrate on the middle class is to that he thought that this class was behind all problems of society. The second class that Matthew Arnold talked about is the middle class, which he called the Philistines.
He called the aristocratic class the Philistines. barbarians and called the middle class the Philistines and of course this class expressed that it is an ananias and focused on itself and how it develops and controls the entire society and at the same time it has nothing to do with religious concepts it is not focused on the idea of religion or the idea of development of the society but it was self-centered and focused on itself and very selfish at the same time The third group is the populace, or the disenfranchised, poverty-stricken lower class who have been let down by the negligent Barbarians and greedy Philistines. For Arnold, the populace represented the most malleable and the most deserving social class to be elevated out of anarchy through the pursuit of culture. So the third group he tried to concentrate on is the working class, the poor class, which is the middle class. which he is called populace, and start to describe this class that it's very poor, lower class, neglected by Barbarians and Philistines, and the Philistines exploited them, and they are the victims of society actually at that time.
So Matthew Arnold likes to concentrate on this class because he found that this class, if we concentrate on it, and we will not ignore it or treat it as our victim. This class was a victim of society, in spite of the difficult political and social conditions that existed in the Victorian age. He said that their only development will come from developing a cultural understanding with them and how they try to be ideal and how they turn to the worldly concepts to develop society and culture, and how they focus on teaching all classes, including the poor.
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