Atomic Structure and the Nature of Light

Introduction

Presented by Abhishek Agrawal.
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Light demonstrates particle nature, not wave nature.
Light propagates as packets of energy, not as a continuous wave.
Supported by photoelectric effect demonstrating that light energy travels as particles.

Heating an object causes it to emit radiation.
Example: Heating a container with milk; the container emits heat radiation.
Electromagnetic radiations are emitted by the heated body.
Radiations demonstrate particle nature of light, challenging wave theory.
Colors change as temperature increases (red, orange, yellow, blue) indicating different wavelengths.

A black body absorbs all incident radiations and emits radiations upon heating.
Example: Perfect black objects absorbing all light, appearing black due to no reflected light.

Wave Theory: Energy of electromagnetic radiation is proportional to intensity.
- Maintains energy is independent of frequency and wavelength.
- Failed to explain color change of heated objects (as radiation emits particles of different wavelengths).
Particle Theory: Light consists of particles (explained by Max Planck).
- Light energy packets (quanta) travel as particles.
- Explains color change by varying energy packets at different temperatures.

Research showed relationship between intensity and wavelength of radiations emitted.
Graph: Intensity vs Wavelength indicating that max intensity corresponds to specific wavelength.
Different objects radiate different colors as temperature changes.

Light demonstrates both wave and particle nature.
Understanding aided by Hot and Black Body Radiation theories.
Max Planck's Quantum Theory provided substantial evidence for particle nature of light.
Next Topic: Planck’s Quantum Theory details.

Light is not a continuous wave but consists of energy packets (quanta).
Hot and Black Body Radiation support this particle nature of light.
Max Planck’s contributions are crucial for understanding light’s particle nature.

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