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What were some merits of the Napoleonic Code introduced by Napoleon Bonaparte?
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Equality before the law, administrative simplification, and the introduction of a single national currency.
What role did Jacobin Clubs play in the spread of nationalism?
They helped spread revolutionary ideas and nationalism across Europe.
How did the decline of the Ottoman Empire contribute to nationalism in the Balkan region?
The decline led to nationalistic struggles and independence claims among the diverse ethnic groups in the region.
What did the centralized administrative system aim to achieve in post-revolutionary France?
It aimed to create common laws and move away from monarch-driven, varied rules.
What was the role of the National Assembly formed after the French Revolution?
It was an elected body by active citizens aimed at governing France.
Who was Giuseppe Mazzini and what was his role in European nationalism?
Giuseppe Mazzini was an Italian revolutionary who opposed monarchical rule and promoted the idea of a unified Italy.
What was the significance of the Act of Union 1707 in the formation of the United Kingdom?
It unified Scotland with England and Wales, forming the United Kingdom and consolidating English dominance.
What event in 1789 significantly weakened the monarchy's power in France, leading to the rise of citizen power?
The French Revolution of 1789.
What significant defeat did Napoleon face in 1815, and who were the opposing forces?
Napoleon was defeated at the Battle of Waterloo in 1815 by the Quadruple Alliance (Britain, Prussia, Russia, Austria).
What was introduced as a symbol of unity during the French Revolution?
The new French flag.
What was the Zollverein and when was it formed?
The Zollverein was a customs union formed in 1834 by Prussia to reduce trade barriers and unify measures and currency.
What was the main outcome of the Congress of Vienna in 1815?
It restored pre-revolutionary dynasties and redrew European borders to prevent French expansion.
What was the impact of nationalism on the outbreak of World War I?
Nationalism, especially in the Balkan region, contributed to complex political scenarios and conflicts, eventually leading to World War I.
How did abolishing internal customs contribute to nationalism in France?
It created a unified system for consistent measurement and taxes across the nation.
What were the main achievements of Otto von Bismarck in the unification of Germany?
He led the unification efforts backed by the Prussian military and bureaucracy, culminating in the unification in January 1871.
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