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Exploring Wrist and Hand Anatomy
Oct 16, 2024
Anatomy of the Wrist and Hand
Overview
The wrist and hand are complex, with many bones, ligaments, and muscles.
The lecture breaks down the anatomy into bones, joints, ligaments, and muscles.
Blank diagrams are provided for practice.
Bones of the Hand and Wrist
Forearm Bones
Radius
: Located on the thumb side; lateral in anatomical position.
Ulna
: Located on the pinky side; medial in anatomical position.
Carpal Bones
Mnemonic
: "So long to pinky, here comes the thumb."
Proximal Row
:
Scaphoid
: Remember by associating with a scab on the wrist.
Lunate
: Named for its moon-like shape.
Triquetrum
: Third bone in the proximal row.
Pisiform
: Anterior and easily palpable on the pinky side.
Distal Row
:
Hamate
: Has a hook, remember by "hook of hamate."
Capitate
: Central, named for its "head" position.
Trapezoid
and
Trapezium
: Trapezium rhymes with "thumb."
Metacarpals
Numbered 1-5 starting with the thumb.
Thumb (Pollux)
: Metacarpal 1.
Phalanges
Thumb
: Proximal and distal phalanx.
Fingers
: Proximal, middle, and distal phalanges.
Joints of the Hand and Wrist
Radiocarpal Joint
Between the radius and the scaphoid, lunate, and triquetrum.
Condyloid joint allowing flexion, extension, abduction, and adduction.
Carpometacarpal Joints
First CMC (Trapeziometacarpal)
: Saddle joint with extensive movement.
Digits 2-5 CMC
: Varying movement; 5th allows some flexion/extension.
Metacarpophalangeal Joints
Allow flexion, extension, and lateral movement.
Interphalangeal Joints
Hinge joints in fingers, allowing flexion and extension.
Ligaments of the Radiocarpal Joint
Collateral Ligaments
Radial Collateral Ligament
: Prevents over-adduction.
Ulnar Collateral Ligament
: Prevents over-abduction.
Palmar and Dorsal Radiocarpal Ligaments
Palmar Radiocarpal Ligament
: Prevents overextension.
Dorsal Radiocarpal Ligament
: Prevents overflexion.
Muscles of the Radiocarpal Joint
Focus on four movements: flexion, extension, abduction, and adduction.
Flexor Muscles
Flexor Carpi Ulnaris
: Flexion and adduction.
Flexor Carpi Radialis
: Flexion and abduction.
Extensor Muscles
Extensor Carpi Ulnaris
: Extension and adduction.
Extensor Carpi Radialis
(Longus and Brevis): Extension and abduction.
Additional Muscle
Abductor Pollicis Longus
: Assists in extension of the wrist.
Summary
Reviewed the anatomy including bones, joints, ligaments, and muscles.
Provided mnemonic devices and diagrams for better retention and practice.
Encouraged use of practice diagrams for mastery.
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Full transcript