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Differentiate between scalar and vector quantities with examples.
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Scalar quantities have only magnitude (e.g., Length, Mass, Time), while vector quantities have both magnitude and direction (e.g., Force, Velocity).
How do you calculate acceleration if a car increases its velocity from 20 m/s to 40 m/s in 10 seconds?
Acceleration (a) = (Final Velocity - Initial Velocity) / Time = (40 m/s - 20 m/s) / 10 s = 2 m/s².
How does the concept of distance differ from displacement?
Distance is the total path covered by a moving object and is a scalar quantity, while displacement is the shortest distance between the initial and final position with a specified direction, making it a vector quantity.
Define the state of motion with example.
When a body changes its position with respect to time and a reference point. Examples: Flying birds, Planets, Blood flow in arteries.
Describe non-uniform motion with an example.
Non-uniform motion occurs when an object travels unequal distances in equal intervals of time, such as a car that is accelerating or decelerating.
What distinguishes velocity from speed?
Velocity includes direction and is defined as the rate of change of displacement, whereas speed is the rate of change of distance and is a scalar quantity.
How do you calculate displacement using the Pythagorean theorem?
Displacement can be calculated by treating the initial and final positions as points in a coordinate system and using the Pythagorean theorem to find the straight-line distance between them.
Describe uniform motion with an example.
Uniform motion occurs when an object travels equal distances in equal intervals of time, such as a vehicle moving at a constant speed along a straight path.
Give an example of how to calculate speed.
If a car travels 100 km in 5 hours, speed = Distance / Time = 100 km / 5 h = 20 km/h.
Differentiate between uniform and non-uniform acceleration.
Uniform acceleration occurs when there is a constant change in velocity per unit time, whereas non-uniform acceleration has a variable change in velocity.
Define the state of rest with example.
When a body does not change its position with respect to time and a reference point. Examples: School, Electric poles, Trees.
What are the basic systems of units used in physics?
Common systems include the SI (International System of Units) and CGS (Centimeter, Gram, Second) systems.
Explain the concept of acceleration and provide its formula.
Acceleration is the rate of change of velocity with respect to time, and it is a vector quantity. Formula: a = (Final Velocity - Initial Velocity) / Time.
What is a reference point and why is it important?
A reference point is a point against which a position is measured to determine if an object is in motion or at rest. It is crucial for understanding and describing motion.
What is the formula for speed and its unit?
Speed = Distance / Time, and it is measured in meters per second (m/s) or kilometers per hour (km/h).
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