hello and welcome to a BA made easy I'm Mauricio and today we'll be covering the first section of the rbt's in a measurement alright I hear you loud and clear you want a little crash course on this RVT exam I got you so today we're gonna be talking about measurement but if you haven't seen the previous video on the requirements you need for the RVT exam and some study tips I highly highly recommend you watch set before watching this one so before we hop into it I just want you to know that I've made more in depth videos that go into detail with all this terminology and I'm going to let you know when I've made a video like that so if you want extra practice or extra examples you can go to those videos for a more in-depth discussion but this is supposed to be a very quick fast review you listen to it while you're going to sleep because you like hearing my soothing voice type of thing alright so let's get into it a 1 prepare for data collection now this is pretty simple you're gonna have maybe one question on this or to basically just be ready to work ok so how do you get ready to work before each session you should have all your materials print what does that mean you have your tablet your phone charged ready to take data on those devices if you're using it if you're using data sheets you have all your data sheets ready and you have to know exactly what you're gonna target during this session so you have to look at the data from the session before and see which behaviors you're going to target you also want to make sure you know how to run every procedure you need to run to tackle these behaviors now if you have something risky like elopement where the kid is running into traffic you know that is gonna take priority and you have to know which objectives you have to prioritize so that's important aside from having is fully charged some other things you have to have ready to go or your flash card if you need flash cards if you could do something like matching or tact training having your reinforcers ready to go and on hand and any other devices you need for taking data like counters or timers or anything like that so basically have all your materials ready know exactly which behaviors you're gonna target because you've read the data from yesterday and know all the procedures you need to run these programs all right a - and I might look down here from time to time because my notes are here implement continuous measurement procedures what is that okay continues measurement just think about this like oh you're continually measuring so you're gonna get every single behavior okay and that'll make it easier to remember which ones are continuous versus discontinuous and this one you're getting every instance of the behavior so these include frequency rate duration latency and inter response time and for the exam it's not enough just to know the definition you should also know what type of measurement is best for each behavior if you want a more in-depth review of these terms click here or here there should be something popping up right now I don't know pretty sure it's there so frequency or count is basically you record every time the behavior occurs so you can use a tally mark you can use a counter basically every time the behavior occurs you've counted the behaviors that are best for this are behaviors that are short have a very obvious beginning and end like clapping biting punching jumping you get it right it's just like frequency but even better it's how much it's occurring per time why is this better because it becomes consumed since based on how often it's occurring per time so even if the sessions are longer or shorter you have the same kind of scale so if you have a session that's twice as long you would expect twice as many problem behaviors right and that doesn't mean that it's increasing it just means that the session was twice as long so you're gonna have twice as many behaviors so I think rate is a little better than frequency then you have duration it's exactly what it sounds like it's how long a behavior occurs the time elapsed between the onset and the opposite of the behavior so this one make sure you have a very clear beginning and then latency is how long it takes a child to respond to your instruction okay basically that's what it's usually used but if you want to be very technical about it or more general it's the time between the onset of the stimulus to the initiation of the response then you have intro response time or IRT because behavior analysts like letters a lot so they shorten everything just to sound cool IRT is the time between two successive responses so you'd want to use this in something like sips of juice or bites of food if they're taking five minutes between every bite of food you would want to shorten it but if they are drinking sips of water every half second you might want to slow it down so you could use it to prolong or make shorter but basically it's the change of time between successive responses IRT now a three implement discontinuous measurement procedures alright we talked about continuous which is you're measuring every single behavior the discontinuous is just the intervals and momentary time sampling that's it instead of getting every single behavior that occurred during the session you're getting a sample of what has occurred during the session so let's talk about the intervals for intervals is basically pieces of time you have a one-hour session and you want to split it up into six intervals you have six 10-minute intervals so intervals are just sections of time then you have whole interval recording which means that the whole interval the behavior has to be occurring for it to count okay so you got let's say studying which you define as someone looking at their book and has a pencil on hand that's how you define studying in this example so they have to be on task for the whole ten minutes for it to count and you check it off it's like okay the whole first interval they they were on task if they did like let's say eight minutes which was close to ten minutes but not the whole ten minutes it doesn't count it counts as zero so then you wait for the next interval to start now once the next interval starts then you see if they were on test for the whole ten minutes and that's whole interval recording you have to be engaged the whole entire time and this is good if you want to increase behavior partial interval recording is using the same intervals as he had before but instead of them being engaged the whole time in an interval they were engaged at some point in the interval so let's say it's talking saying a word right the first 10 minutes they didn't say anything so it doesn't cut it off the second interval they started talking they talked a bit so it counts let's say you talked 25 times in that second interval it just gets one check mark for that second interval if they talk to one time during that second interval still just one check mark and partial interval is good if you want to decrease behavior momentary time sampling which is when I didn't actually go into in the last video but it's pretty important is when you choose a specific time let's say three o'clock and you check to see if that behavior was occurring at that time if it is occurring at three o'clock check it out if it's not occurring at three o'clock knoteks so when is this useful if you're a teacher and you have 30 students this is awesome so this is good for big groups when you're sampling big groups because you can take a snapshot at 3 o'clock and see how many people are let's say focus on their task so useful for big groups and that's what they're gonna ask you on the exam a for implement permanent product recording procedures ok permanent product what is it it's a permanent product ok so basically anything that you can see after the behavior occurred this could be holes in the wall after punches this can be a completed assignment like homework or an exam after they completed it because they the behaviors that they wrote down and you can measure it by seeing that they actually did the assignment so to have a good permanent product it has to be that that permanent product is only caused by the behavior you're trying to measure ok so if you are measuring holes on the wall you better make sure that the only thing causing holes in the wall is someone punching the walls and not some goat that's just ramming into the walls all right next section we're almost done two more sections alright enter data and update graphs ok so basically this Greek trial training is when you're sitting at the table with them and you're running this session that's what people think of when they think of ABA ok while you're doing this you're supposed to be taking discrete trial data on discrete trial data sheets ok so just know that and you do this every session and then at the end of the session you want to make sure you put those data into summary sheet and then a summary graph and that's basically it you want to make sure you have the data and you have it summarized for the month that way next session you're prepared by looking at yesterday's data and at the end of the month you see a big snapshot of how everything's going and it's super useful for your supervisor all right last section let's go a six describe behavior and environment in observable and measurable terms what does this mean operational definition I already alluded to it earlier but basically so important you have to define a behavior very well okay you can't measure someone being upset okay because if you measure if you put upset that's gonna mean different things to different people and if you have different technicians on the case they're all going to measure it differently and it's not gonna work out so you want a very specific definition that you can observe okay so for upset it could be throwing themselves on the floor and crying and this behavior ends when they're not on the floor for two minutes and not crying and it has to be that specific because if you don't make it that specific if they stand up like at one minute anything fall down and cry again someone could come pass to Tantrums but actually your counting is one because your definition so that they have to be standing up for two minutes so tips for operational definition make it as clear as possible of what you can observe and make sure you specify when the onset is and when the offset is and the way you know you got a really good definition is with interobserver agreement or I Oh a because letters basically that's when two people measure the behavior either by looking at a video footage of it or both being in the same room and secretly marking and if they get I think it's over eighty percent agreeance that's a good definition all right we did it we did section 8 we're doing good how do you feel good you can do great okay next video is gonna be assessment that one's gonna be a little longer but we got this so that's it for this video if you found it useful at all drop a like down below helps me boot stuff into YouTube's algorithm and I always say this but it's true just how the world works no we're controlled by machines subscribe if you haven't done so already catch you in the next [Music]