hey youtubers and welcome to my youtube channel master that English why we understand analyze and interpret the important texts that may be a part of your English curriculum our topic for today is by the writer RK Narayan and his work that we'll be studying and analyzing is called the painter of science so without further ado let's quickly begin with the storyline but before that has per the regime get your notepads and pens ready cuz here we go alright so before we start with understanding the text it's very important to understand the very first thing that comes to the lamb light or the focus which is the significance of the title this is not the first time our key Narayan has really focused on a profession because that is what the title is representing the profession of an individual there many other novels of RK Narayan where you get to see the different kind of professions that individuals are practicing for instance the Bachelor of Arts then there is the English teacher he has also written the financial expert there's another one called the man-eater of malgor II then a famous one which has also been adapted as a film which is called the guide which had Dev Anand as the actor and then there is also another work called the winner of speeds so all these titles are representing addressing the profession of an individual which class is this this is definitely the rising class which is also called the middle class we are talking about a time and a phase which is immediately after independence people now can speak for themselves people now can do things they can really do imaginative things and creative things and artistic things and these individuals are the people from the middle class they are also called common man we are also known as since we are Indians so we also call the mango people or the AMA at me hence as an overall impact factor you can say that Narayan is mainly trying to represent the new rising generation that came after independence who were really trying to support and sustain themselves through their meager means and their humble origin that's the interesting part because even the time frame in this novel is the time frame that is after independence forced independence and what is uniquely different is that the way in which narayan has given a very common identity to the location because again the novel has been set in a fictional town called mal Gauri this is not the first time many of his novels and short stories have been set in this fictional town mal Gauri this is very interesting because this is not something that only Narayan has done this has been done by many other writers from different countries for instance the British writer Thomas Hardy has used Wessex as the unified identity of his place that he wants to pay attention to even William Faulkner the American dramatist has mentioned yolk NEPAD niveau as the place fictional place again and the reason why writers do this because mostly what I feel is whether it is Thomas Hardy or it is RK Narayan they are talking about the place that they think and they prefer the most and here you notice that the places that Narayan is focusing on our simple places they are small town areas this village places which are known for their simplicity their rustic lifestyle and Narayan is not trying to critique that he's just trying to showcase the simple attitude towards life the way the primitive way in which they're still leading their life and the way slowly and gradually that new kind of change or Reformation is dawning on them this is very gradual but again this is something that Narayan is trying to focus through his novel just as many other writers from different countries have been trying to do this technique that Narayan was employing as a writer is way different from that his contemporaries were doing because again Mulk Raj Anand was also his contemporary but then he was writing very different story he was focusing on the people who are really subjugated who are really controlled by the higher class societies and they are so helpless they do not have a voice of their own they can't speak anything they always require their own people to discuss situations and their plight and that is not the case with our keener and snob protagonists because they are very different they outspoken they know they have a voice of their own even writers like Raja Rao who also is represented because India during the 19th century there were three prime writers RK Narayan Volk Raj Anand and Raja Rao these three are like the stalwarts of novel writing when we talk about raja rao he was very metaphysical in his writing there was a lot of philosophical notes that were provided mantra john was focusing on the people who are again usually dominated by the society however in when we look at Arcana Rhines storylines they are pretty simple they are you get to see that every time every character is growing there like round characters because they do definitely evolve by the end of the story in some way or the other they get to realize things that maybe they have not realized in the starting that itself makes them very very progressive in their approach so after this what's important is that we move to the next section which would be an overview of the plot structure that we are going to study in the novel the painter of science to do this there is the there is a very very dire need of a structure because nobody can understand the structure by this is what happened that is what happened and to do that we are going to do this through a technique again this is a structural technique that has been given by or provided by a German dramatist his name was Gustav Freitag which is the reason why the structure is also known as the Freytag pyramid the structure actually represents the general view in which a storyline is usually represented now the dramatist who actually developed this structure he believed that every plot structure or every story usually has a common graph that means the story lines are usually going to follow a very gradual pattern and this is usually common because you notice that every story starts by introducing characters that is the exposition you're going to have the characters are going to have some incidents that are going to change the general course of events then you're also going to have something very very like that aha oh my god kind of situation which is called the climax that climax is again going to lead to some more events that will show you the confusion that is going on that could also be represented as the falling action and lastly when everything is going to be resolved and things are going to go all good so that's the way in which Gustav Freytag represented the general idea or overview of a broad structure however we are dealing with a novel so we are going to represent things on the pyramid according to the storyline of the painter painter of science so let's do that that begins with the first part which is called exposition in this section we are introduced to the main protagonist who is ramen the painter whom we are going to really study and analyze as we read the novel and he's the person who is the most important chief icon you could say the person whom you're really going to study and you're going to see the things that are going to happen in his life you will see the situation's of his life the kind of people he interacts with this would mainly include his customers obviously and the kind of interaction that he has with them the rising action would be in dB when he gets to meet the one person who changes his life totally obviously this is his love interest her name is Stacie and when he meets her there are some kind of thing the changes that he gets to see in a surrounding maybe he gets to learn something new something very different from this lady that we will see in the storyline and in the course of the journey there is soon a climax because this almost seems like a love story it it actually is a model love story but then again the climax is when both of them start having differences they cannot understand each other and that is what leads to a lot of confusion for this main protagonist Ramon and his love interest Daisy this gradually leads to a kind of falling action when which is actually all about confusion because the only person who is most confused in the storyline is Ramon he doesn't know how to go about things he doesn't know how to control the situations how to maneuver the situations what is the resolution for the problems this is what the falling action really represents in the story and the last section that is adenomas is the time when Drummond is actually in his angelic demeanor he now understands that yes I have found the actual course of things I have understood the mean important things that I was not able to understand at a particular point of time and this is what is represented in this section so overall impact can be seen on your slides in the front of you and you can see the way in which the stories are actually starting and ending where you get to see his life the individuals he interacts with the close people he meets the kind of conflicts he has with him and lastly a confusion he is having during the falling action and the lastly the last and not the least is the time when he is understanding things at a very very mature level after understanding the structure let's understand another thing about this novel is the manner in which the novel is divided the novel is divided into four plots that is four different paths and in the main plot that is the main structure as we have seen through the pyramid it is all about Ramon and about the kind of lifestyle that he is leading however there is also a secondary plot where we get to see a very interesting conflict between the two most influential people of his life which is first as his aunt her name is Lakshmi and the second one is the love interest that is Daisy who represents the modern values both these individuals are very very different and they have a very different impact on drummond there is a certain impact or influence that is there in Rahman because of his aunt and there is a certain impact and influence Daisy has on Rahman also and it's very interesting to see this impact because drummond is able to see both the perspectives very clearly as he is exploring the things in the progression of the story which is the reason why this conflict is very very important because raman is somewhere in the middle he's like the salami between the two breaths he is sandwiched between the two things that is the ancient and the modern where he stand is what the confusion is all about he really needs to find himself and both his individual by the end to a story are responsible for actually showing him the light and giving him the actual path to that direction as an artist so that was the overview now let's begin with the clear representation of every force section that is represented in the story so we will begin with part one and the incidents important and significant incidents that will help you to understand the storyline so let's begin the part one mainly represents as I told you before the exposition where ramens life is basically general overview of his life is given what is the kind of life that he's leading his a painter he's painting sign boats for people he's doing some painting sometimes and as a result when individualists involved in his profession he has different type of clients this is an artistic profession and for sign both they're different kinds of things which people demand and in this process or this kind of business Alliance that he's having with his customers there is a very intriguing thing that comes in forefront which is a conflict again what is this conflict about this conflict is mainly about Romans modern outlook versus the superstitious traditional beliefs of his customers there is a conflict that is represented the people that he is meeting they have their very fixed notions about the way in which they had won their things but it is again very very traditional it doesn't make any sense although he is not against it but he feels that there should be a logical reason for whatever you are demanding or you are asking for because Raman is doing his profession with a very logical Bend of mind to understand these incidents better I'll give you a few references of the customers that he's interacting with and the kind of debate that is actually established the first individual that he interacts with is a lawyer the profession itself is something that demands that you should be very strict you should have a code of conduct you should be very disciplined however when we talk about this lawyer you notice that there is a certain very very unusual demand that this lawyer has which is that he is demanding calligraphic writing on his nameplate and the reason for that is because as astrologer has asked him to do so alright so I am going to do the thing only because the astrologer has asked me to do so which is again showing you the fact a very very ironic thing about an individual who believes in his profession who is fighting for other people with logical bend of mine but he himself is involved in things which is making no sense and he doesn't even know if it is going to work out for him or not he's so dependent on things that make no sense how can our writing help you in doing well in your career it is actually your work that should be the modern philosophy karma is your Dharma but that's not the case with him he's good totally totally dependent on on this aspect of relying on tradition beliefs for doing well which is very very weird because ramen provides a very very logical reasoning for the kind of writing because ramen has made his signboard or the name clay that he has actually constructed for this man is very bold he has made those bold letters the way in which it should be his name should be represented and he has a very very good representation of his of his sorts and you can see this in the manner in which he argues with his customer he says it very clearly that the lattice on the last board must always stand up proudly and not supine Hedy rate this really shows that ramen identifies with the profession and he also knows the requirements of that particular profession he's just not constructing things blindly and without logical thinking there is another instance in the novel which is about his second customer who has a very quirky demand again the shopkeeper wants that the color of his sign boat should be changed that is titled with the logo called strictly cash now this is very very interesting because the strictly cash the initial color that was there for this particular sign boat was red and then the shopkeeper wants that the color should be changed to blue and then he also gives his final remark as that maybe the blue is also not the right color maybe green would be something better this attitude of the shopkeeper is showing his hypocrisy because he is not being very very true to his commitment he is trying to sugarcoat things and he cannot really represent things in the truest form he is trying to hide things from the customer he is trying to be polite and by his politeness he is fooling individuals he wants to convey his message but he wants to do it very politely which is again a very Hippocratic where of saying he's not straightforward at all you can see that Raman Arden identifies every field even in this field he argues very very strongly by saying don't you understand that if we don't want strict cash dealing in your shop and cash on blue people will laugh at you they won't take you seriously this itself represents a very interesting interesting understanding again of this profession he knows it and he definitely does tell his customer about the requirements that they should be following as individuals but again people don't want to do that because they are they're hypocrites and they don't want to follow by the rules the true form of rules honest truth not only the customers but even the individuals that are there in the society in a way just trying and tempting to make others victims of their of their beguiling techniques this is to be noticed in another individual who is actually a very rational think again he's a professor and what he notice in this professor is again you get to see that the voice of this professor is actually able to assert the rational voice of Raman he again represents an ideological hypocrisy in the way and the manner in which he is telling people about the philanthropic and sympathetic ways in which we should always try to share things we should do good well-being for the society we should not try to indulge in materialistic practices and the selfish need of always running after money which again is representing an ironical thought because the act that he performs immediately after giving such great talks is something again very very very very contrasting because what he asks immediately after this is that he wants people to give him money because this money actually compensates for the little effort that he has taken for writing great insights and knowledgeable things in the small little papers that he's handing over people and he does the same trick with our protagonist Ramon also however what is interesting is the way in which Raman is defending himself against this professor because the professor again constantly talks about the need to overlook money and he starts having an argument with ramen because ramen is actually carrying the rejected signboard that the shopkeeper has asked him to change that is strictly cash and the moment the professor looks at this signboard he starts in a way ridiculing ramen and starts making him feel embarrassed about himself and the manner in which he is so inclined to money this in a way acts Drummond because for ramen he knows that money is as important as any other thing in this new world you cannot think of a life without money and he does say that in a very very well framed order because the very thing that he says after that in a very cynical manner is that he says what's wrong with it how can we live without cash how can we how this itself shows that yes he knows the importance of money which is so important you cannot speak in two ways you cannot act in a diplomatic way and trying to save yourself which each and every individual is trying to do they're never being very straightforward and ramen is so straightforward when it comes to giving opinions about simple things like money which is an important thing for everybody everybody is working for money whether it is in this age of the previous age and he understands this fact which again represents his modern thought which brings us to the main important thing about this chapter is that ramen is mainly a modern spirit this term is very interesting because it actually represents his thought process and he actually represents a person who is moving towards a very very progressive path you can notice that in the kind of activities that he does and in individual his hobby is to read books which is again representing a modern way he doesn't want to waste his time in other activities his leisure activities are also about enriching oneself reading books and he doesn't do with only one confined books like he's just not reading things related to one common area of interest he has a very unique taste and that he can notice by the very books that he's reading he's reading Charles Dickens he's also reading the history books and this itself is showing that he is wanting to know and explore all domains and explore and understand different perspectives a very learn at spirit which is a very unique thing that was also seen in the Elizabethan age which was again a Renaissance period about reading books and writing yourself with new thoughts new ideas because that is what that each did and he too is a renaissance spirit of India which is all about knowing new things exploring new things no longer going by the dictates of the British Raj now we will read we will explore things on our own don't have to tell us what to do we are going to do it and we are going to explore it that is what he does even by his hobbies then his nature he is very logical he doesn't want to abide by the dictates of whatever the religious texts are talking about he can make up his mind he doesn't want to rely on this because you never know whether these things are true or not there is a person a mediator for carrying on the religious practices which are again the individuals the Brahmins and the pundits of that time who are giving these doctrines to people and they are following it blindly he doesn't believe in the notion he's not against it but he is a rational thinker you will not call him and at least because he has respect for his religion but he believes that the most important thing that is required in terms of following your tradition and in terms of following your work is that both the spheres are very different which is again another principle in his body language which is about his behavior which is that he doesn't let his professional work in any way mingle with his traditional beliefs he has both the domains very separate which is giving individuals a space to both the things in a separate manner he doesn't want that one should in mingle with the other you want to follow such things follow it in your religious practices you want to do Aarthi do it in your religious practices but don't let the traditional thing intermingle with your work that is when you become too dependent on other things which is what Brahmin believed in because such activities that his customers were doing was in a way affecting his profession he's working hard he's making the signboard that is suited to the requirement of the customer and the customer is declining and increasing his workload by again giving him different dictates this in a way is taxing him depressing him more and making him do more and more chores which is the reason why this conflict is represented in the first portion the writer doesn't really I don't think if the writer wants to really go against the traditional practice but this is again telling you a very important thing that the work and tradition should not mingle together otherwise there is always a conflict because one is always going to suffer raman in this post first section of the story is constantly suffering and is overtaxed with work because people and individuals are always giving him dictates and feedbacks that are that are just over taxing him and making him feel more tired and more irritated so that brings us to the conclusion of the first part now we'll head on with the next section which is the path to where we will explore the next aspect of his life which is called also represented as the rising action in part two we do not see the conflict but we actually understand the two school of thoughts that we have been dealing with in the previous section which is the modern thought and the ancient thought and this modern and ancient thought again as we already know represents the two individuals the two ladies here wear the traditional beliefs and culture can be represented by the individual that is Rehman's ant Lakshmi and the modern believes and principles can be studied by the beliefs and ideologies of Brahmins love interest Daisy who has come to the village not just for a vacation or a tour visit but she has come here to do something that is going to uplift the society just like Raman wishes that people should have a modern approach she is actually a person who is focusing on the welfare of the people she really wants to uplift the society so that the society can progress in a complete organized way she is in a way trip addressing the government belief of having a sustainable lifestyle which can only be done when individuals are having a little control in the population growth which is what Daisy wants to control technically and she wants to really enlighten people and talk about the very need of having small nuclear families which only involves not more than two kids which in a way would really result in happier family because you can definitely provide a much better lifestyle to their children and also live a good lifestyle themselves so this is the main aim with which she has come to this village and she's asking the help of Raman mainly so that he could come along with her in all the campaigns that she is taking place in various villages where he would definitely propagate that idea through the science that he's going to paint in the paintings that he's going to do would mainly involve that message of having a nuclear family a small family is a happier family however there is a kind of problem that even this modern lady Daisy faces during the campaign which is the cultural shock the fact that people around failed to understand her beliefs and ideologies and this is to be noticed in many of the situational events that take place with her in violent Val she's having an interaction with the people the first instance is actually to be seen when she meets this farmer and the farmer is asking her or hinting her that he wants her to perform the role of a midwife for his wife and actually ease his wife out of the pain and kind of follow up a process of abortion for his wife so that the dead child in her belly can be taken out and she is very shocked because the very response that she says in this situation is that they think I can abort so you notice that this lady is completely shocked because she understands the very fact that people can't even understand the kind of thing that she's actually trying to propagate over here and people actually think that she is not doing anything else but just IDing and propagating the idea of abortion and so if she has come to the village for this might as well as just use her for that purpose and ask her to do something that can relieve them of the trouble set of issues that they're facing because again this is a primitive place and it's very hard to get doctors in such a scenario which is the reason why the farmer is asking for her help the next situation is again somewhere you get to see the kind of cultural conflict or cultural cultural shock that Daisy experiences which is with an old man who's staying in a very old temple area and the kind of repute or kind of hustle that he has with this lady in terms of addressing his beliefs and ideologies but these beliefs and ideologies again are representing the traditional beliefs and the sinner he tells you why the villagers are constantly going against this notion of having small nuclear families because this old man has a very interesting thing to say and what he says is or Shasta's is that the more children in a home the more blessed it becomes do you want to dispute it this itself shows that the old man is actually representing the ideological belief of the people which is that the reason why they are not ready to accept the modern beliefs is mainly again this is something that comes in very stark contrast to the old beliefs of the tradition nobody knows from where this concept is coming from but that's how things have been interpreted and they have actually latched on to that belief which is the reason why they cannot understand the new modernized police they cannot understand what the actual situation is like in the exterior outside the common small little ignores in which they are living they do not understand what's really going outside which is what is completely constantly shocking her so in these episodes there are two mean things that we see which is first thing is that the society fails to appreciate her role as a social reformer and the second thing that they fail to do is that the society also fails to understand her modern principles even though she's facing so many difficulties when it comes to making people realize what her true values and principles are all about there is a somebody who understands her there is a somebody who is really knowing that real things that she is trying to propagate and that is to be seen in her male protagonist Drummond who understands ideologies and this understanding is to be noticed in the way Ramon compares Daisy with individuals to represent her true nature to the reader and he does this constantly he is making these very elusive comparisons and in these comparisons we can see that he is hinting at the true identity of Daisy what she is really trying to do what is her natural spirit like the very first reference that he gives about her as a comparison is that he compares her with legendary historical women these are not just some women from the history but they are known ladies they have done something very they've contributed for the to this for the society these examples were like the two examples that he has stated one is Queen Victoria who's again Empress of England and the other he talks about is Rani Laxmi by chazak irani both the women's have one thing very very unique about which is their fighting spirit they have never given up upon whatever they wanted in life and they were very very obsessed about it which is what you get to see even in Daisy she has that fighting spirit she doesn't care about what the society thinks of her her only interest is to provide complete dedication to her work and that is what she does she doesn't really care about what people think of her so that itself represents the first comparison the second comparison he does of her is with that of a yogi and this is very interesting because just like a yogi is very focused because yogi is a yogi again is like a saint in in our Indian culture he is somebody who is focused who knows what he wants in life he's not distracted or deviated by anything around which is what Daisy is like she's never distracted by things around the surrounding areas she knows what she wants in life she is very focused you can see with the this in the very way and the manner in which she methodically manages her events she is not deviated by any kind of distraction that people create for her she knows what she wants and she does it the utter focus there is a focal point that is there in her mind and she knows she has to move straight in that little point so these comparisons definitely try to represent her ideological beliefs which again have been brought to limelight only by the sole contribution of a very protagonist the painter of science that brings us to the next section and we should be analyzing the perspectives that are represented in the second last section of this novel so when part three we get to see a new perspective in forefront which is the dilemmas of the main characters and here we are dealing with the painter that is Romani and his love interest Daisy both the individuals are experiencing some sort of turmoil in their mind because of the conflicts that they have attained experienced in life and through the situations and we will get to see these dilemmas let's talk about the first dilemma that is to be seen in the main protagonist the male male prokhor protagonist that is Drummond he's experiencing a dilemma mainly because he is experiencing guilt at his act of perversion he has a love interest for Daisy we all know that by now but then again he has made a very very perverted move in trying to tempt Daisy trying to seduce her but that was not possible because Daisy being the smart lady that she is she is very easily able to maneuver the situation when Drummond was actually planning to do or make his move on her he she was wise enough to actually go and climb and actually find a reclusive place at the top of the branch where she slept all night and that is how she was able to ease her way out of the situation but in a way this episode definitely makes someone feel a bit embarrassed about the kind of overpower lust has on his behavior and he really feels bad for this because Daisy in a way by the end of this situation then the very next day Daisy is quite violent with him in terms of communicating and telling her peace of mind that she really doesn't like the very fact that men always try to exploit women who are vulnerable and alone and this is the reason why they actually by the end of the previous novel they actually end up in a fight and this fight actually separates both of them because Drummond has to go all alone back to village back to his village Margaery and Daisy also finds her way back to Margaery - but now the only thing that is there in his mind is what is going to be the next action that is going to take place because he is feeling guilty here and there is again a temporary separation that he is facing in terms of the you know in terms of his love interest again because she again has gone out of his life and there are two concerns that are mostly there in Drummonds mind first is about his social reputation he knows he has done something very perverted and for that people are going to very much ridicule him and his career may definitely suffer because of this and that is the reason why you can see that there is a stream of consciousness technique that is used by the writer where you get to see the thoughts and the fields that are running in ramens mine and the way he's agitated he is always thinking of ways in which people can are going to ridicule him or maybe talk about his incident because somebody may get to know may actually get to know about the incident that happened in the past these events actually make him really worried and the only thing about that worries him as a social repetition I hope that I don't lose my reputation I am a good painter of this village and I don't want that people should think of me as a perverted man so that's the one thing that he has in his mind and the second thing that he has in his mind is the probable punishment for his misconduct by the police because the police again is he if easy in a way goes to the police and throws some charges on him she is definitely going to be very successful in giving the guy a peace of mind of her own in which she can tell him that this is the way in which women with power can actually work the modern woman is not afraid to go and complain and I am very much going to do that so there is a probable punishment that is waiting there for him and he knows that if Daisy goes and files our complaint he is definitely going to suffer and again his career is going to come to a standstill his life is going to come to a standstill because he will have a criminal charge on his forehead and that is something that he doesn't want and this is what you actually get to see in the first half of the story in this section that is the third part which is him getting worried about his future and things that could happen and also the fact that now my love interest is not around me what am I supposed to do these things are really bring him however all these troubles do definitely come to an end because days he does return back and she doesn't file any complain against him so everything is settled and Drummond is also very very calm at this point of time and then slowly and gradually you get to see that they again start communicating in the platonic way as they did before and during these interaction one of this these interaction lead to something as in the reader is exploring something about Daisy that she has not told from and so far which is about a past life and the kind of gender prejudice she experienced in a past life by her family members what are these gender prejudice is all about this is something we are just talking about the very old age in a way because the beliefs back then were very very something that was not where they were not promoting the girl child in a way and you can see this by the way in which the girls were always expected to have a very very defined code of conduct they were always supposed to be servile and submissive you cannot do anything you cannot go against the norms of the family you always have to do this this is what a girl should do and they were separate rules for boys so this is what she experienced all her life and there was a kind of sense of suffocation that she experienced the fact that she was not able to do what she wanted to do and then other thing was that a woman not only had to remain have a code of conduct but she also had to repress herself her own voice she could not raise any questions against anything that was not ethically right and if you look at a daisy was completely against it even back then when she was being controlled by so many people she didn't really give up and this is what she actually tells in her life experiences because she talks about incidents she is constantly being controlled she talks about this one point of time when a prospective family comes for a married with a marriage proposal and in this particular instance you actually get to see how Daisy has to compromise our the family members expect her to compromise and oblige to all the questions that are being asked by the other family members who have come to see her and what is interesting is the way in which Daisy actually refused because when the boy asks that what are you doing are you singing do you know how to sing and her exact response to these questions is can you sing do you have education can you do something in life what is your means of sustenance which is something that is really very echoing the 21st century woman's voice even though it's a 19th century novel 20th century novel it is definitely reflecting the modern perspective of a lady of this age where she doesn't really expect a man to always question her she also has the right and authority to have her own set of views and also question things that she feels are required for a girl to know about when she is going to go to a family that she doesn't even know she's just exploring by in that little phase of time and she's not even allowed to ask questions this is something that suffocated her just like it would suffocate any other girl in the present age also she suffocated and because of this all situation these situations she finally thinks of she doesn't really complete her story but you definitely get to see that this lady is suffocated in the whole situation of a past and she does want a life of her own she does want a voice of her own and she is able to do that to certain level because the impact of her ideologies are to be seen in her very very individual that she is able to contract interact most of the time that is ramen ware ramen is actually promoting adopting by being all that she is telling him because even in the part three and even during the separation you can notice that raman constantly keeps unconsciously keeps promoting everything that she had taught him or told him about the things and the events about the various aspects with which we can improve the lifestyle of the society the cultural ethos of the society the principles in the society if we work on these small little things that are usually ignored and that's what she is trying to do she's definitely promoting and that was something the drummond was doing unconsciously so she has been able to show that influence she has been be able to apprise and evolve as a different individual but then again this chapter is definitely focusing on the dilemma so you get to see then the points or the aspect that that made Raman very worried in the present situation because the wrong evils that he himself had as an individual which is he was not able to control his centuries urges and even in context - Daisy you can notice that the only problem that she faced the dilemmas that she faced internally were mainly the suffocation and the breathlessness because of all the restrictions and regulations she had to follow so this is what the third chapter or the third part of this novel really focuses on that brings us to the last section we will be seeing some very sudden changes so let's begin with that the last section is in a way representing a new beginning because definitely it starts with a very happy note of happily Everafter of two individuals who were having such fond feelings or maybe one was very vocal the other was very very silent they have been able to have a kind of union and it is although it is again in a very conventional way they do not really get married in the way traditional Indian weddings would take place they take place the marriage actually takes place in a very very simple of ceremony which is actually called gandara wedding where as raman describes this wedding as when two souls meet in harmony with the marriage was consummated perfectly and no further right or ceremony was called for so what is important in this right is that the two individuals do not really need to follow the rituals and the techniques that were being practiced usually in in Indian culture what's really important is for the two individuals to understand each other now this is important because is this something that actually is able to work out for these individuals can they really understand each other even though it's a new beginning this thing is actually a cause of concern as the story goes on so we would look at that new beginning aspect now even though these couples are able to start a new life and many things that are changing in the in the course of situations because not only is the life of people who are attached with each other changed but also the people who are individually represented in the novel that is all the three characters are also having a change in their life and you can notice this life in from the very first individual that is there that is ramens Arendt who has after seeing that her her basically that drummond is now settled he wants to start his own new life she knows and she understands that the time has the the things that were there earlier have changed for her now she cannot follow the same traditional practices that she had been following all her life that is doing the choice for us for her little foramen all the time and cooking meals for him going to the temple and attending the sermons this is something that she won't be able to do now because there is a new woman who is going to enter the house and she has to adjust to that so instead of adjusting to that she also decides you know this is what you get to see in the cultural value that she also even though she is traditional she has a voice of her own what she does is that she also accepts a new life face for herself she finally makes up her mind that she is going to live a life that is solely devoted to God by leaving for pilgrimage and she does that without having any hesitation without even having the pre-conceptual conception views about of what is going to happen if I go there what kind of things are going to happen she's not really worried there no preconceived thoughts regarding this notion and she is very well adjusted to it which is again representing a very very strong personality of an individual who has been able to after even going through so much in her life she has no kind of qualms and starting a new life for herself and she does that even for Romana the things seem to be different as I told you because their marriage is all about mutual understanding but Raman gradually understands that their relationship is lacking that color that mutual understanding is not really there in their relationship and that is the reason why all through the course obviously of his interaction just immediately after the marriage he becomes very demanding and he becomes very restless he is asking for time he is asking for interactions he is usually noticed getting very restless he's doing things so that a ways are looking for ways in which he can drink him and Daisy closer he does that constantly he's doing it deliberately like he's changing the utensils he is keeping things so that Daisy may also incorporate the habit of being the traditional wife doing things for him just like a traditional lady this is where his traditional values actually come in the forefront because he even though he's a modern spirited man he also has the traditional values in him because that is what his aunt had constantly been doing he never had to worry to worry about the home front because his aunt would always prepare the meals and do everything for him here what you notice is that now the aunt is no longer there she has left for her pilgrimage and as a result of which now he has to on another person another substitute which he expects that Daisy would at least perform that role and he does take measures in which he can give Daisy some hints of maybe you should start cooking or maybe if you can't go maybe I should cook some meals for you and we can be be shared a common union together but Daisy being a modern woman she doesn't have really a lot of time for this thing which is the reason why she constantly keeps irritating ramen by giving her very very strict code of conduct for the relationship they have been practicing that is their marriage relationship by the way and she has certain rules here the first thing is that she doesn't want any child and the second thing that she wants it she wants independent space independent space means two people who love each other cannot live under the same roof again very very unique very very modern but that is what her main condition is she may be she required time if you look at it this may be the reason why she's asking for independence behaves because again she was suffocated in the past so this is something she needs a little time to adjust with this and Roman is not ready for that time ramen really is constantly demanding things maybe in the subtle way and both of them have in this way there is they both share very very different priorities one is talking about Union one is talking about sharing that mutual relationship that lovers usually do and the other is constantly talking about having two separate ways towards things she doesn't want that the professional life should be affected in any way because of the mutual understanding or the new bond that they are sharing and as a result of which even Daisy starts drifting away just like his aunt drifted away she realized the aunt really did realize that her time in this place was over Daisy also realizes that she cannot follow up this relationship she is not ready to give in so much and as a result of which what she decides it she also decides to and her marital life for a life dedicated to the service of humanity she completely devotes herself in that phase and again after Daisy leaves ramen ramen is now isolated he has nobody around him what should he do under the influence of these two women who have been able to take such strong measures revin is actually able to realize the meaning and purpose in his life he now realizes that all right this is an eye-opener I have nobody to depend on what am I supposed to do where am I supposed to go how am I supposed to lead my life and this attitude is something that helps him to understand the true meaning of life for him as an artist which is to have an independent voice of his own and that is what he does he listens to his own voice and look for strength and support within himself which is something that is so important all his life he has been looking towards people depending on people's opinion not being able to really convince people about what he thinks and what he believes and he has to always compromise that is not what an artist does you can never compromise whether it's an artist or an individual you cannot compromise you need to understand your needs and you need to work on it this is something that ramen could never do people around him were very clear the customers were clear Daisy was clear even his aunt who again even though she represented the traditional values she too was clear about what she wanted in life when she was not able to meet the ends the way she thought things would work out but then again she has been able to do this and with the situations the way and the manner in which the story actually ends even though it ends at a tragic note where everybody abandon him what you notice is the very interesting thing because ramen in the end doesn't utter a very depressing note his very last voice that he utters is something that shows that he doesn't care the very fact that people are constantly trying to curb him and disturb him because that is when the fighting spirit really evolves from his voice and the last words that he utters is to hell with it wow this is how he concludes himself as a final note and this is very interesting because then again now he has evolved as a modern painter because I'm painter if you are modern you need to stand for what you believe in and this is how you do it not just by addressing your views but also by really living and practicing those views so that comes to the end of our very lesson and I hope all of you enjoy it just as just to the extent I enjoyed and making the whole plot structure for all of you I hope you enjoyed this and please support and like it please give me your comments if you feel this is interesting or something that you would want me to do further because again I am trying to improve and improvise with new techniques and ideas and I just hope that it is as enriching for you as it was for me in terms of researching and studying and analyzing the whole concept so that brings me to an end of my lecture I hope you're their listeners till the end and you get to hear this note please subscribe my channel because this is something that I really want that it should really spread because this is something again we could share our views opinions in this platform please tell me what you think of it or if there's something that you would really want me to work with I would be where I'm very free to suggestions and do tell me I would love to hear it from all of you so until next time this is me Karishma signing off bye