Plant Physiology Lecture Notes

Introduction

• Welcome to the lecture.
• Today's topic: Plant Physiology, a crucial unit.
• In Class 11, we cover two types of physiology: Plant and Human.

Overview of Plant Physiology

• Focus areas:
  • Plant functioning, transport mechanisms, photosynthesis.
  • Plant hormones and their roles.
  • Mineral absorption and use in plants.
• Total chapters in this unit: 5
  • Expect around 9 to 10 questions from this unit, totaling 36 marks.
  • Estimated time to cover: 20 to 25 days (225 lectures).

Class Structure

• Maintain a positive attitude; trust the process.
• Full syllabus coverage guaranteed.
• Patience is required as internet stability may affect delivery.

Chapter 1: Transport in Plants

Types of Transport

1. Short-Distance Transport
   • Transport within or between nearby cells.
2. Long-Distance Transport
   • Transport over greater distances, e.g., from roots to leaves.

Short-Distance Transport

• Three types:
  • Intracellular Transport: Movement within a cell.
  • Intercellular Transport: Movement from one cell to adjacent cell.
  • Across Membrane Transport: Movement across the cell membrane.
• Mechanisms of Short-Distance Transport:
  • Simple diffusion
  • Facilitated diffusion
  • Active transport

Long-Distance Transport

• Primarily through:
  • Xylem: Unidirectional transport of water and minerals from roots to leaves.
  • Phloem: Bidirectional transport of food (sugars) and nutrients throughout the plant.

Key Concepts in Transport

• Driving Forces in Short-Distance Transport:
  • Simple diffusion (passive)
  • Facilitated diffusion (passive, via protein channels)
  • Active transport (requires energy)
• Driving Forces in Long-Distance Transport:
  • Root pressure theory
  • Transportation pull through cohesion and adhesion in xylem.

Important Definitions

• Simple Diffusion: Passive movement from high to low concentration, does not require energy.
• Facilitated Diffusion: Movement aided by membrane proteins; does not require energy.
• Active Transport: Movement against the concentration gradient; requires energy.

Application in Plants

• Water Transport: Mostly through xylem (unidirectional).
• Mineral Transport: Both xylem and phloem involved.
• Food Transport: Primarily through phloem (bidirectional).
• Hormones Transport: Both tissues involved, but regulated by seasonal changes.

Conclusion

• Summary of transport methods and their significance in plant physiology.
• Reminder for upcoming classes and additional resources available on Telegram.