C Language Introduction

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Overview of C Programming

• Complete introduction to C programming.
  • Syntax of C language.
  • How to create a C program in the system.
  • Advantages and disadvantages of C language.
  • Purpose of developing C language.

What is C Language?

• C is a middle-level, procedure-oriented programming language.
  • Supports functionalities of both high-level and low-level languages.
  • Allows creation of functions (procedure-oriented).
  • No concepts of object-oriented programming.

Development of C Language

• Developed by Dennis Ritchie at AT&T in 1972.
• Purpose was to create the UNIX operating system.
  • UNIX operating system is created using C language.

Uses of C Language Today

• Used for creating system software and compilers.
• Known as the 'mother' of many programming languages (e.g., C++, Java, Python).

Structure of C Language

• The structure of a C program is defined by its syntax.
• Basic elements include:
  • Include Statement: Links standard libraries for input/output operations.
    • Example: #include <stdio.h>
  • Main Function: Entry and exit point of a C program.
  • User-defined Functions: Functions defined by the user.

Syntax Overview

• Syntax is critical for writing C programs.
• Documentation Section: Comments for understanding (single-line and multi-line).
• Preprocessor Directives: Denoted by # symbol.
• Global Declaration Section: Declaring variables accessible throughout the program.

Important Functions in C

• printf: For output.
• scanf: For input.

C Language Characteristics

• Case Sensitive: Variable names in C are case-sensitive.
• File Extension: C programs use .c extension.
• Keywords: 32 reserved keywords in C which must be used appropriately.

Setting Up Development Environment

• Instructions on downloading and installing Dev-C++ IDE.
  • Visit sourceforge.net for downloading.
  • Follow installation steps to launch the IDE.

Writing a Simple Program

• Example program to print "Learn Coding".
• Demonstration of compiling and running the program.

Debugging in C

• How to handle errors during compilation.
• Importance of syntax correctness.

Advantages of C Language

1. Open Source: Freely available.
2. Easy Understanding: Simple syntax.
3. Portability: Programs can run on different systems (platform-dependent).
4. Easy Debugging: Errors can be identified easily.
5. Dynamic Memory Allocation: Can create memory as per requirements.

Disadvantages of C Language

1. No Object-Oriented Features: Lacks classes and inheritance.
2. No Exception Handling: Cannot handle runtime errors effectively.
3. No Garbage Collection: Memory not automatically released for unused variables.
4. Platform Dependent: Programs cannot run on different operating systems without modification.

Conclusion

• Complete introduction to C language covered in this video.
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