Protein Structure and Classification

Jun 11, 2024

Protein Structure and Classification

Introduction

  • Discussion on amino acids transitioning into proteins.
  • Focus on three-dimensional structure of proteins.
  • Overview of classifying proteins and forming secondary structures.

Classification of Proteins

Simple Proteins

  • Composed entirely of amino acids.

Conjugated Proteins

  • Contain additional groups like metal ions, co-factors (vitamins), lipids, or carbohydrates.
  • Example: Hemoglobin with heme prosthetic groups.

Fibrous Proteins

  • Long strands or sheets of polypeptides.
  • Hydrophobic and water-insoluble.
  • Strong and flexible.
  • Examples: Keratin (in fingernails), Collagen (in nose and ears).

Globular Proteins

  • Spherical or globular in shape.
  • Generally water-soluble; found in cytosol or outside cells.
  • Contain several secondary structure elements.
  • Functional variety: enzymes, regulatory proteins, etc.
  • Example: Catalase (enzyme), Hemoglobin.

Functions of Proteins

  • Enzymes: Catalyze reactions; names end in