Python Programming Lecture Notes

Introduction to Python

• Overview of Python as a programming language
• Importance of hands-on projects to learn programming

Getting Started with Python

• Install Python interpreter from python.org
• Download IDEs: PyCharm or VS Code
  • For PyCharm: Community Edition is free.
  • For VS Code: Install Python extension.

Writing Your First Python Program

• Create a new project in IDE.
• Create a new Python file and write a print statement.
• First program example: print("I like pizza").

Comments in Python

• Use # to write comments in your code.

Variables and Data Types

• Variables defined as containers for values.
• Common data types: Strings, Integers, Floats, and Booleans.
• Creating and using variables examples:

  first_name = "John"
  age = 25
  height = 5.9
  is_student = True
  

Type Casting

• Converting between data types using functions.
• Example: int(), float(), str(), bool().

User Input

• Using input() function to get user input.
• Need to type cast user input for mathematical operations.

Conditional Statements

• Use if, elif, and else to control program flow.

Functions

• Functions are blocks of reusable code.
• Define a function using def keyword.
• Example:

  def greet(name):
      print(f"Hello, {name}")
  

Exception Handling

• Use try and except to handle exceptions.
• Example of handling division by zero and value errors.

Object-Oriented Programming (OOP)

• Basic concepts of OOP: Classes, Objects, Inheritance.
• Creating a class using class keyword.
• Example:

  class Dog:
      def bark(self):
          print("Woof!")
  

Decorators

• Functions that extend the functionality of other functions.
• Example: Adding sprinkles to an ice cream order.

File Handling

• Reading and writing files using Python.
• Use open() function to open files, with modes ('r', 'w', 'a').

Conclusion

• Summary of key points in Python programming.
• Encouragement to practice by building projects.