Heimler's History: Unit 7 - American Imperial Expansion (1898-1945)
Overview
- Time period: 1898-1945
- Focus: American imperial expansion
- Objective: Explain the similarities and differences in attitudes about the nation's role in the world.
What is Imperialism?
- Expansion of a country's political, economic, and military influence over another.
- America entered imperialist ventures with the purchase of Alaska in 1867.
- Seen as valueless until gold discovered in 1898.
American Expansion
- Expansion was part of American identity.
- Westward expansion filled, leading to overseas interest.
- Frederick Jackson Turner's concerns about the "closing of the frontier."
Imperialists vs. Anti-Imperialists
Imperialist Arguments
- Economic motivations
- Access to raw materials and new markets for American goods.
- Social Darwinism
- Justified stronger nations dominating weaker ones.
- International Presence
- Expansion required to prove America's strength.
- Racial Motivations
- Josiah Strong's belief in Anglo-Saxon superiority and Christian duty.
- Naval Power
- Influence of Alfred Thayer Mahan's book advocating for a strong navy.
- Strategic acquisition of Pacific and Caribbean territories.
Anti-Imperialist Arguments
- Self-Determination
- Nations should choose their rulers and laws, echoing colonial American sentiments.
- Isolationism
- Tradition of avoiding foreign entanglements, citing George Washington.
- Racial Concerns
- Constitution should follow the flag, questioning citizenship rights for colonized peoples.
Key Concepts
- Influence of sea power on securing markets.
- Racial undertones in both pro and anti-imperialism arguments.
- Debate on constitutional rights for territories.
Additional Resources
- Ultimate Review Packet and video playlists available for further study.
- Encouragement to subscribe for continued content.
This summary captures the main themes and arguments relating to American imperial expansion as discussed in the lecture. For a deeper understanding, students are encouraged to explore additional resources and engage with supplementary materials.