my name is Fedor and in Russian one word gavarit can be dhagavadich and many more different variations a thing highlighted in green right here is a prefix and there's many of them in Russian today you will understand them all why they are used what role they serve and why you need them to so let's start with the basics of Russian prefixes first and foremost Russian has about 40 prefixes here they are on the screen about 40 individual prefixes but the ones highlighted right now are just simply forms or variations of other prefixes so this list should really look like this so here are all the different prefixes that you guys can choose and use in your Russian let's learn them all understand what they mean in its entirety a prefix in Russian is what's added before a verb or action word like 2 run to go to Sea to drink to eat means to be talking dagavarit means to finish talking so door here is a prefix as you can see it it's added before a verb and the second thing that you might have noticed is that gavarit was to be talking Daga what it means to finish talking the first reason why we use prefixes is for the meaning change the meaning has changed from to be talking a regular word to to finish talking right by the small addition of door each prefix will carry its own individual meaning that it will kind of influence the meaning of a verb this verb did not completely change from to be talking to to run right which can happen sometimes but most of the times the meaning effect would be subtle it's going to be very small and extra detail to our action so that's the first reason why we use prefixes is to change the meaning the second row of a prefix is going to be to change the aspect so government and dagavarit governit is imperfective while dagga Valley is perfective what do those two terms mean these are aspects imperfective aspects perfective aspects but the best way to think about the aspects is imperfective we only focus on the process of the action we only care that I was talking okay we don't care what I was talking about we don't care about the outcome of me talking okay and the government is perfective where we do care about the outcome but we don't care about the process itself we do care that you have finished talking that's the result of Your Action okay let me give you maybe an example with each yeah I was talking on the phone the entire evening the video here is imperfective which means that we only care about the process we don't care about the outcome of me talking what's important here is the process itself the key of this sentence is that I was busy talking for the whole evening that's the main point of this sentence right here we only care about the process with imperfective aspects now let's flip it to perspective foreign can I ask you something here we don't care about the process of him finishing talking we don't care about that we only care about the outcome did you finish or not that's our focus in this sentence so with perfective aspects in sentences we only care about the outcome while with imperfective we only care about the process that's the briefest the quickest way I can explain aspects aspects is an easy Topic in theory but it's a very challenging one in practice because with English logic and Russian logic they don't always meet in the middle and so you have to rewire your thinking sometimes so I do recommend if you guys don't know aspects at all is to look up that topic separately and dive into practicing aspects separately as a part of the prefixes topic we do change the aspect of a verb by simply adding a prefix so we'll take a it's imperfective we can make it perfective by simply adding a prefix okay that's the second function of a prefix is that it will change the aspect all prefixes will do that regardless of which prefix you choose they will all do that in Russian and now let's get to the more fun part of Russian prefixes is the meaning change how can we change the meaning of a verb by adding a prefix to it let's take a prefix function of meaning can be split into three different categories its effects on verbs of motion like ET to walk to drive second is a common meaning of do in other words what is it mostly used for what it's more General meaning okay and then the third part is unique interactions where do is gonna go away from its common usage and be more of one-on-one basis with individual words in other words you don't you cannot predict what the combination with door and other verbs will do so each prefix will kind of have these three categories so we have one meaning for represent Motion One meaning for either verbs outside of represent motion and then thirdly unique interactions that you can never predict okay so with door for verbs of motion do means to reach your destination if yes is to drive means to get there by driving I was driving for two hours I'm in the process of driving and then I can say I've already gotten there I've already gotten there by driving so this door yejo means I got there I arrived at my destination so don't have a meaning of arriving somewhere that's with ropes of motion second category is outside of represent motion it's most common meaning in Russian though it's most common meaning is to finish doing something if yeast means to be eating day yes means to finish eating I'm still eating okay I'm in the process of eating right now I can also say yeah I have finished eating my portion so this door will have the meaning effect of finishing doing something and you might say well it's kind of similar to the Reps of motion right you reached your destination you finished driving you finished walking you finished eating finish drinking and I would say yes of course there is some similarity but for the majority of prefixes this will not be the case prefixes are typically separate in their meaning from purpose of motion and regular verbs and finally we have unpredictable interactions with individual words for example means to ask a question or ask for a favor that price it means to interrogate unpredictable meaning doesn't mean to finish doing something I was asking him for help or I've asked him for for help okay Brazil just means to ask for something I was interrogated at the border the president means they were interrogating me okay again unpredictable meaning change if I only gave you door as a prefix and proceeded to mean to ask a question there's no chance that you would have guessed that the Priscilla was to interrogate right and that's the third layer of Russian prefixes and their meaning is when we have unique interactions unpredictable stuff okay and the best way to learn prefixes is to learn them one by one and that's your job going forward after this video is to learn each case if you go back to the table right here these are all different prefixes that you have to learn their meaning and their unique interactions but good news you don't have to do it alone you don't have to go to prefixes Alone by yourself figuring it out looking for examples looking for sentences we have created a course an IB fluid class called Master Russian prefixes we have just released it if you're our people in class students you have access to it right this second what you'll get with that course is a breakdown of each prefix understand its meaning usage all of that you master that prefix in that particular lesson then you get a list of all words that that prefix gets combined with not all the entire Russian Awards but the most common one the most useful ones and of course finally we can go nowhere without practicing our prefix usage practice using the prefixes in the right sentences and telling the meaning of that prefix so when you have to make it on the spot making a sentence you will know how to do it you have already practiced to do that check out that course along with other materials on a beef link class with this this button right here or continue watching this next video on YouTube check out the course it's going to be great it's going to be rich in knowledge rich in information