How Composting Works | Charlottesville, VA

Overview of Composting

• Composting is the decomposition of organic materials from plants and animals.
• Common materials used: plant trimmings, vegetable cuttings, eggshells, teabags.
• Result: Dark, crumbly organic matter used as fertilizer.

The Composting Process

• Decomposition Agents: Soil bacteria, fungi, insects.
• Conditions: Occurs in aerobic conditions (oxygen present).
• Anaerobic Contrast: Unlike landfills where decomposition is anaerobic (little oxygen).
• Organisms generate heat and break down organic matter into fine particles.

Benefits of Composting

• Provides excellent soil conditioner and mulch.
• Fertilizes soil, retains moisture, and restricts weed growth.
• Economical and ecological alternative to peat-based compost.
• Reduces food waste in landfills and waste disposal systems.

Stages of Composting

1. Adding Materials: Organic materials are added to the compost bin.
2. Initial Breakdown: Bacteria and fungi decompose soft materials quickly.
3. Heating Phase: Compost pile heats up to ~140°F (60°C).
4. Cooling Phase: Pile cools to ~80°F as initial decomposition winds down.
5. Further Breakdown: Worms and small creatures decompose tougher material.
6. Completion: Process takes 3-9 months, results in nutrient-rich fertilizer.
7. Harvesting Compost: Best to take compost from the bottom of the pile.

Local Composting Options in Charlottesville

• Backyard Composting
• Compost Drop-Off 24/7
• Composting at City Market
• Composting at McIntire Recycling Center

Contact Information

• City of Charlottesville
• PO Box 911, Charlottesville, VA 22902
• Contact Info Directory

This summary provides an overview of how composting works as described by Charlottesville, VA, emphasizing the process, benefits, stages, and local options for composting.