[Music] hi and welcome back to prescience lessons. co.uk by the end of this video you should be able to describe the reaction between an acid and a base an Alkali or a metal carbonate you should then be able to predict the products of a neutralization reaction in the last video we saw that bases are chemicals which can neutralize acids and produces salt and water bases which are soluble in water are also called alkaly so for example copper oxide ion 3 hydroxide and sodium hydroxide are all bases because copper oxide and ion 3 hydroxide cannot dissolve in water in other words they're insoluble these are bases only however sodium hydroxide can be dissolved in water in other words it's soluble this means that sodium hydroxide can be an Alkali as well as a base so in this video we're looking at the reactions of acids with bases alkalis and metal carbonates we're going to start with bases and alkalis here's a first key fact when we react an acid with either a base or an Alkali we make a salt and water here's an example we're reacting hydrochloric acid with the base copper oxide we're making the salt copper chloride and water here's hydrochloric acid reacting with The Alkali sodium hydroxide and again we're making a salt and water in this case the salt is sodium chloride now in the exam you could be as to identify the salt from a neutralization reaction so we're going to look at that now salts contain a positive ion and that comes from the base or from The Alkali salts also contain a negative ion and that comes from the acid so you need to learn the negative ions produced by the three acids that we use most often in chemistry hydrochloric acid produces chlorides sulfuric acid produces sulfates and nitric acid produces nitrat here's a question for you to try predict the product of the following reaction sulfuric acid plus zinc oxide pause the video and try this yourself okay well in the base zinc oxide the positive ion is the metal zinc we know that sulfuric acid produces sulfate so that means that our products are the salt zinc sulfate and water here's another question for you to try predict the product of the following reaction nitric acid plus The Alkali lithium hydroxide pause the video and try this yourself so in The Alkali lithium hydroxide the positive ion is the metal lithium we know that nitric acid produces nitrates so that means that our products must be the salt lithium nitrate and water so we we've seen how bases and alkalizes react with acids but there's another group of chemicals that react with acids to produce salts and these are called metal carbonates I'm showing you three of these here we've got sodium carbonate calcium carbonate and potassium carbonate you'll notice that each of these contain a metal ion in this case sodium calcium and potassium now when acids react with a metal carbonate they make a salt and water but they also make carbon dioxide so I'm showing you here all of these metal carbonates reacting with hydrochloric acid and in each case you can see that we're making a salt water and carbon dioxide it's really important that you learn the reaction between an acid and a metal carbonate as it frequently comes up in the exam here's a sample question predict the product of the reaction between hydrochloric acid and copper carbonate pause the video now and try this yourself okay the metal ion in this case is the copper ion in the copper carbonate and we're reacting this with hydrochloric acid so the salt is going to be copper chloride because we're starting with a metal carbonate we're also going to make water and carbon dioxide gas remember you'll find plenty of questions on the reactions of acids with bases alkaly and metal carbonate in my vision workbook and you can get that by clicking on the link above okay so hope L now you should be able to describe the reaction between an acid and a base an Alkali or a metal carbonate you should then be able to predict the products of a neutralization reaction [Music]