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Body Planes Overview

Sep 10, 2025,

Overview

This lecture explains the three main anatomical body planes and their significance in medical imaging and kinesiology for understanding three-dimensional orientation and movement.

Importance of Body Planes

  • Body planes help describe orientation in three-dimensional space for humans.
  • They are crucial for interpreting medical imaging (e.g., CT scans) and studying human movement (kinesiology).

The Three Main Body Planes

  • The sagittal plane divides the body into left and right halves.
  • If the sagittal plane is exactly in the middle, it is called the midsagittal plane.
  • If it is off-center, it is called the parasagittal plane.
  • The frontal (coronal) plane divides the body into anterior (front) and posterior (back) halves.
  • The transverse (cross) plane divides the body into superior (top) and inferior (bottom) halves.

Variations of Body Planes

  • Oblique planes and off-center transverse planes may also exist, but the sagittal, frontal, and transverse are the main planes.

Key Terms & Definitions

  • Sagittal plane — divides the body into left and right parts.
  • Midsagittal plane — sagittal plane exactly at the midline, making equal left and right halves.
  • Parasagittal plane — sagittal plane offset from the midline, making unequal left and right halves.
  • Frontal (coronal) plane — divides the body into anterior (front) and posterior (back) parts.
  • Transverse (cross) plane — divides the body into superior (upper) and inferior (lower) parts.
  • Oblique plane — divides the body at an angle, not along the standard planes.
  • Anterior — front side of the body.
  • Posterior — back side of the body.
  • Superior — toward the top of the body.
  • Inferior — toward the bottom of the body.

Action Items / Next Steps

  • Review diagrams of body planes to visually reinforce these concepts.
  • Practice labeling the sagittal, frontal, and transverse planes on anatomical images.