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The Life and Legacy of Oscar Wilde

Apr 23, 2025

Lecture Notes: Oscar Wilde

Introduction

  • Speaker: Scarlet
  • Topic: Light Facts Literature in small doses
  • Focus: Biography of Oscar Wilde

Early Life

  • Birth: October 16, 1854, in Dublin, Ireland
  • Family:
    • Father: William Wilde, an acclaimed doctor and founder of St. Mark's Hospital
    • Mother: Jane Francesca Wilde, a revolutionary poet, wrote under the pseudonym Speranza
    • Siblings: William Charles Kingsbury (brother) and Isola Emily Francesca (sister, died young from fever)

Education

  • Attended Trinity College, Dublin
  • Continued at Magdalen College, Oxford
  • Involved in the athletic movement

Literary Career

  • Move to London: After graduation, pursued a literary career
  • American Lecture Tour: 1882, traveled from London to New York, met prominent literary figures (Walt Whitman, Oliver Wendell Holmes, Henry Wadsworth Longfellow)
  • Marriage: Married Constance Lloyd on May 29, 1884; had two children: Cyril and Lillian

Publications

  • Revitalized: Women's World magazine (1887-1889)
  • Children's Collections:
    • "The Happy Prince and Other Tales" (1888)
    • "The House of Pomegranates" (1892)
  • Novel:
    • "The Picture of Dorian Gray" (first and only novel, published in Lippincott's magazine in 1890)
  • Plays:
    • "Lady Windermere's Fan" (1882)
    • "A Woman of No Importance" (1893)
    • "An Ideal Husband" (1895)
    • "The Importance of Being Earnest" (1895)

Legal Issues and Imprisonment

  • Affair with Alfred Douglas, son of the Marquess of Queensberry
  • Queensbury's legal actions:
    • Sent a calling card accusing Wilde of being a sodomite
    • Wilde sued for defamation
  • Trial: Queensbury vs. Wilde
    • Wilde's homosexuality was exposed, including homoerotic passages from his works and love letters
  • Conviction: Found guilty of gross indecency, sentenced to two years in prison in 1895

Death

  • Died in 1900 from meningitis shortly after being released from prison

Conclusion

  • Oscar Wilde is remembered as a brilliant and controversial figure in literature.