Overview
This lecture explains self-determination theory, highlighting how different motivations affect behavior and learning, and the importance of autonomy, competence, and connection.
Self-Determination Theory (SDT) Basics
- SDT states we are motivated by three basic needs: autonomy, competence, and connection.
- Autonomy means wanting freedom to make our own choices.
- Competence is the desire to feel skilled and able to handle tasks.
- Connection is the need to feel belonging and being needed.
- Motivation can be mapped on a spectrum: amotivation, extrinsic motivation, and intrinsic motivation.
The Spectrum of Motivation
- Amotivation: feeling disconnected and lacking purpose or control, e.g., Anton finds school pointless.
- Extrinsic Motivation: behavior driven by external rewards or pressures, with stages:
- Externally regulated: actions depend on outside rewards (Mary studies for a reward).
- Introjected regulation: actions are driven by internal pressures like guilt or competition (Taichi strives to outdo others and feels guilt if not).
- Regulation through identification: behavior aligned with personal values or identity (Abeni wants to be a "good student").
- Integrated regulation: driven by deeply held values, but not fully autonomous (John learns to develop himself as a person).
Intrinsic Motivation
- Intrinsic motivation: engaging in activity for inherent satisfaction (Lalisa studies out of curiosity and enjoyment).
- Intrinsic motivation leads to highest autonomy, competence, and connection.
Cultural & Practical Considerations
- Different cultures may exhibit different motivations (Americans aim to outcompete, Chinese students may feel guilt).
- Extrinsic rewards like money can undermine intrinsic motivation, even if they motivate people in the short term.
Key Terms & Definitions
- Autonomy — the need to make one's own choices.
- Competence — the feeling of being able and skilled.
- Connection — the need for belonging and being needed.
- Amotivation — lack of motivation or purpose.
- Extrinsic Motivation — motivation from external rewards or pressures.
- Intrinsic Motivation — motivation from inherent enjoyment or interest.
Action Items / Next Steps
- Reflect on personal motivations and how they align with autonomy, competence, and connection.
- Consider how extrinsic rewards may affect intrinsic motivation for future behaviors.
- Optional: Share your thoughts on the theory and extrinsic rewards as prompted.