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Premium Farming

• Live Stock Farming:
  • Definition: Raising and caring for animals.
  • Main Animals: Cows, buffaloes, sheep, goats, and chickens.

Advantages and Disadvantages

Advantages:

• Use of Animals:
  • Help in irrigation and plowing.
  • Useful in transportation (like bullock carts).
  • Food source (meat, milk, eggs).
  • Employment generation.
  • Income and tax revenue.
  • Contribute to organic farming (fertilizer).
  • Providers of raw materials (leather, wool).
• Food Industry Support:
  • Increase market products with dairy products.

Disadvantages:

• Overgrazing: Excessive grass eating leading to soil erosion and desertification.
• Land Loss: Agricultural land gets reduced.
• Waste and Dirt: Animal waste can be unhygienic.
• Diseases: Diseases from animals can spread to humans.
• Export Quality: Products may not meet international standards.

Types of Farming

Nomadic Farming:

• Definition: Traveling daily with animals.
• Advantages: Free food, low cost, low labor.
• Disadvantages: No permanent place, unhealthy animals, unreliable income, soil erosion.
• Environmental Impact: Overgrazing, desertification, deforestation.

Seasonal Migration:

• Definition: Moving to upper regions in summers and lower regions in winters.
• Advantages: Quality food, continuous water, one-time long travel.
• Disadvantages: No permanent home, poor quality animals, unreliable income.

Settled Farming:

• Definition: Raising animals on permanent land.
• Advantages: Permanent settlement, grazing grounds, quality animals.
• Disadvantages: Higher investment and maintenance cost, lack of skilled labor.

Poultry Farming:

• Setup: Large space, disinfectants, providing food and antibiotics.
• Location: Karachi, Lahore, Ahmedabad.
• Process: Growth of chickens and selling them in the market.

Buffalo Breeds

• Punjab: Nili, Ravi
• Sindh: Kundi
• KPK: Small breeds
• Factor: Flat land, cold weather, need for more water.

Cattles and Shops

• Gods and Shops
  • Overgrazing problem.

Importance of Livestock

• Positive Impact: Raw materials for every industry, support to the food industry.
• Possibilities: Government support, selective breeding, vaccination.
• Difficulty: Less land, high costing, low healthcare.

Conclusion

• Livestock farming helps in increasing the food supply. This industry can be strengthened with better policies and resources.