okay so obviously when we talk about polarity in chemistry it has nothing to do with polar bears or ice cream cones however we can use the idea of polar bears fighting over an ice cream cone to help us easily understand the difference between what it means for a calent bond to be polar or non-polar and that is exactly what this video aims to do so polarity or the difference between a bond being polar or non-polar really boils down to one main thing and that is what is happening with the veence electrons non-polar means that the electrons are being shared equally and polar means that the electrons are being shared unequally because we are dealing with the sharing of electrons we are dealing with only calent bonds calent bonds are bonds where the electrons are being shared in order to satisfy the octet rule and when the electrons are shared in a calent bond they can be shared equally or unequally this equal or unequal sharing of electrons is due to the difference in electro negativity of the atoms that are bonding together you should remember that electro negativity is just the tendency of an atom to gain an electron I like to think of this as the strength that an atom has to pull on an electron so an atom with a higher electro negativity can pull on an electron with more strength while an atom with a lower electro negativity pulls on an electron with less strength if you need a refresher on what electro negativity is I'll put a link up here in the top right corner so you can check it out so to make this easy a polar bond will occur when we have two atoms that are coal bonded together and they have different Electro negativities this is because the atom with a higher electr negativity will pull on the electrons with a greater strength than the atom with a lower electro negativity and this will cause the electrons to be shared unequally this is kind of like when a baby polar bear is trying to share ice cream with an older polar bear you can think of the ice cream scoop as electrons the bigger polar bear is stronger than the little polar bear so it is able to pull with more strength which means it will get more of the ice cream than the baby polar bear and this is just like a polar calent bond where we have one atom that has a higher electro negativity and can pull on the electrons with more strength now a non-polar calent Bond will occur between two atoms that have the same electro negativity neither atom can pull on the electrons with more strength than the other so the electrons are shared equally which makes the bond non-polar this is like two polar bears of the same size sharing an ice cream cone one polar bear is not stronger than the other so there both able to get an equal amount of the ice cream there is one exception though and that is the bond between carbon and hydrogen while there is a difference in electro negativity between carbon and hydrogen that difference is really small and it's so small that we consider it to be negligent this means that the carbon and hydrogen both pull on electrons with similar strengths so the electrons are shared equally making the bond between carbon and hydrogen nonpolar even though their electr negativities are slightly different so let's look at a couple examples in our first example we will look at the bond between two chlorine atoms this bond is an example of a non-polar calent Bond the line in between the chlorines represents the bond which represents two electrons these electrons are being pulled on by both chlorine atoms because both chlorine atoms have the same electro negativity they're being pulled on equally so we would say that the electrons in that Bond are being shared equally and this is why that represents a non-polar calent bond in our second example we can look at the example of a bond between carbon and oxygen this is an example of a polar calent bond the electrons in between carbon and oxygen are being shared but they are being shared unequally oxygen has a higher electro negativity which means the electrons are being pulled more by oxygen we can represent this by drawing an arrow pointed in the direction the electrons are being pulled more so I'll draw an arrow being pointed towards oxygen because the electrons are being pulled towards oxygen now carbon can pull back on the electrons so it means that oxygen does not take the electrons but we do have an unequal sharing because oxygen has a higher electr negativity we can say that the electrons in that Bond are going to spend more time around oxygen than they would carbon making this a non-polar calent Bond and when this happens in chemistry we call this a dipole don't worry about what a dipole is now as we will cover this in much more detail in a later video if you made it this far thanks for watching hopefully now you have a better understanding of the difference between polar and non-polar calent bonds if you haven't already make sure to subscribe as this is the best way to help us on our journey to make science simple if you enjoyed this video here are a couple more videos you might find helpful [Music]