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Breaststroke Technique and Drills

Sep 24, 2025

Overview

This lecture explains the key technical aspects of breaststroke swimming, covering body position, pull, kick, timing, underwater pullouts, and recommended drills for improvement.

Key Differences of Breaststroke

  • Breaststroke is a short axis stroke, like butterfly, involving up-and-down body movement.
  • Proper timing between upper and lower body is crucial in breaststroke.
  • Breaststroke uses a frog kick, requiring feet to flex instead of point.

Body Position & Streamline

  • Every stroke starts and ends in the streamline position, minimizing water resistance.
  • Streamline involves hands together, body straight from fingertips to toes.
  • Keep hips high and head low to avoid sinking and dragging legs.

Pull Mechanics

  • Begin and finish the pull in streamline; hands separate with pinkies leading.
  • Form a triangle just past shoulders, curl fingers down for optimal catch.
  • Pull hands in as you breathe, then drive hands quickly forward to streamline.
  • Avoid diving hands down; send them straight forward to reduce resistance.

Kick Mechanics

  • Use a frog kick: flex feet, pull heels to butt, then sweep feet out and together.
  • Knees should stay at or just beyond shoulder width to reduce drag.
  • Fast heel speed (the speed heels move to butt) increases stroke tempo and efficiency.

Timing: Pull, Kick, Glide

  • Breaststroke follows a pull-kick-glide rhythm for optimal distance per stroke.
  • Glide in streamline after each kick to maximize efficiency.
  • Adjust glide duration based on distance—shorter for sprints, longer for longer races.

Underwater Pullout

  • After dives or wall push-offs, start in streamline, then perform one strong arm pull.
  • Take one dolphin kick before or after the arm pull, then one breaststroke kick to streamline.
  • Maintain streamline for 2-3 seconds before pulling out for maximum efficiency.

Training & Race Strategy

  • Train technique and body position at or above race pace for best results.
  • Short course (25m) pools allow for fewer strokes and more wall push-offs.
  • Long course (50m) pools require higher stroke rates and maintaining technique over longer distances.
  • Advanced swimmers increase tempo during races to maintain speed and body position.

Recommended Drills

  • Streamline kick on back or front to refine kick technique.
  • Heel tag drill: bring heels to hands under hips while kicking.
  • Two kicks, one pull drill improves timing and rhythm.
  • Freestyle kick with breaststroke pull emphasizes hand speed and power.
  • Breaststroke countdown: swim 25s with decreasing then increasing stroke counts to develop distance per stroke.

Key Terms & Definitions

  • Short Axis Stroke — Stroke involving up-and-down body movement (breaststroke, butterfly).
  • Streamline — Body position with arms extended, minimizing drag in water.
  • Pullout — Underwater sequence after start/turn: one arm pull, one dolphin kick, one breaststroke kick.
  • Frog Kick — Breaststroke leg motion with flexed feet that sweep out and together.
  • Glide — Brief streamline phase after pull and kick, maximizing distance per stroke.

Action Items / Next Steps

  • Practice recommended drills: streamline kick, heel tag, two kicks one pull, freestyle kick with breaststroke pull, and breaststroke countdown.
  • Focus on maintaining high hips, proper timing, and efficient glide.
  • Track and improve stroke count per length in workouts.
  • For more drills and community support, explore the MySwimPro app and Facebook group.