Cold War
Sections 1 & 2
Quiz info-
* Matching sections (3?)
* 13 things to click through on test
* 35 points
* Possible Test Questions
* #10- How did the arms race escalate throughout the 1950s (what new weapons were made)?
* Nuclear weapons added an increasingly frightening element to the arms race.
* Hydrogen bombs, ballistic missiles
* USSR set off its first atomic bomb in 1949, then both countries developed the deadlier hydrogen bomb in the early 1950s.
* #14- What was the Great Leap Forward? Did it work? (How did GLF fail?)
* Agriculture plan,
* Slogan “Hard work for a few years, happiness for a thousand.”
* Forced to live in a commune
* Classless society
* Never worked, always failed, dependent on outside sources like weather
* Hated New system
* #18- List the reasons why the Cultural Revolution failed:
* Mao found that it was not easy to maintain a permanent revolution, or constant mood of revolutionary enthusiasm.
* Key groups, including military officers and Communist Party members, did not share Mao’s desire for permanent revolution.
* Many people were disgusted by the actions of the Red Guards and began to turn against the movement.
* #19- Why did the Soviet-Chinese relationship sour (worsen) in the 1960s-1970s?
* The Soviet Union provided China with enormous technological and economic aid, but did not help China in retaking Taiwan from Chiang Kai-shek.
* #6- What was alliance of communist countries
* Britain, France, USA, Soviet Union
* Great Leap forward (slide 15) Failure Reasons
* Bad weather = droughts and floods
* Peasants hated the new system
* Death and starvation (15 million people died)
* 7 Vocab
* Proletarian- Working class
* Satellite States- a country that is economically and politically dependent on another country.
* Policy of Containment- a plan to keep something, such as communism, within its existing geographical boundaries and prevent further aggressive moves.
* Arms Race- building up armies and stores of weapons to keep up with an enemy
* Deterrence- during the Cold War, the U.S. and Soviet policies of holding huge arsenals of nuclear weapons to prevent war; each nation believed that neither would launch a nuclear attack since both knew that the other side could strike back with devastating power.
* Communes- in China during the 1950s; a group of collective farms, which contained more than 30,000 people who lived and worked together.
* Permanent Revolution- an atmosphere of constant revolutionary fervor favored by Mao Zedong to enable China to overcome the past and achieve the final stage of communism.
* 7 People
* George C. Marshall -American Secretary of state who believed communism was only successful in countries that had economic problems.
* He created a plan known as the marshall plan to give money to rebuild war-torn Europe so countries would not be attracted to Communism for economic relief.
* Nikita Khrushchev - leader of the Soviet Union starting in 1955.
* Ordered the construction of the Berlin wall to stop the flow of East German refugees into West Berlin.
* Chiang Kai-shek- from china, fled to taiwan, was a president
* Deng Xiaoping- gained power in 1978 after the death of Mao Zedong.
* Brought an end to the cultural revolution.
* Communist
* Mao Zedong- leader of the communist Party in China.
* Fought against Chiang Kai-shek in the Chinese Civil war.
* Took complete control of China in 1949 until his death in 1976.
* Started the Great Leap Forward in an effort to mobilize the people for a massive effort to speed up economic growth.
* This plan ultimately failed.
* Wrote a book called the Little Red Book, which outlined communism in China.
* Created the Red Guards- forces devoted to cleansing Chinese society of impure elements guilty of taking the capitalist road, eliminate the “Four olds”, destroy culture, books written by foreigners, and arresting or killing individuals who Mao believed to be political enemies.
* Red Guards - Secret police
* They enforce Mao Zedong's rules in the cultural revolution
* Nixon- American president, Prioritised improving public relationship with china
* Cold war
* USA vs USSR
* Truman Doctrine- said the United States would provide money to countries that were threatened by communist expansion (at the time - Greece and Turkey).
* Marshall plan- provided close to $13 billion to rebuild war-torn Europe, so countries would not be attracted to communism for economic relief.
* Berlin air shift
* To supply isolate citizens, the USA and Britain flew in goods and resources into West Berlin
* Striking symbol of cold war
* berlin wall
* NATO vs Warsaw pact, New Military Alliances
* NATO
* created in 1949
* USA, Canada, Belgium, Luxembourg, France, the Netherlands, Great Britain, Italy, Denmark, Norway, Portugal, Iceland, Greece,and Turkey.
* Warsaw Pact
* created in 1955
* Soviet Union, Albania, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, East Germany, Hungary, Poland, and Romania.
* Description, which alliance is communism/democracy
* Democracy- USA and Britain- NATO
* Communism- Soviet Union- Warsaw Pact
Guided notes-
* Which two countries emerged as world superpowers after WWII?
* America and Soviet Union
* What were the main differences between the two world superpowers?
* Capitalism
* Communism
* Why did Stalin leave his troops in Eastern European countries after WWII?
* He feared the spread of capitalism
* Didn’t want free election
* What was the purpose of the Truman Doctrine?
* Giving money to smaller countries so they would not be drawn to communism
* What was the formal U.S. Policy against communism and the Soviet Union?
* The Marshall Plan
* Which four countries divided up Germany after WWII?
* USA, Britain, Soviet Union, France
* What was the Berlin Airlift? Why was it needed?
* supplies were flown in by American and British planes (13,000 tons daily at the height).
* To help move supplies from the blockade
* What was NATO?
* North Atlantic Treaty Organization - created in 1949 - these countries agreed to provide mutual help if any one of them was attacked.
* What was the Warsaw Pact?
* New alliances
* - created in 1955
* Soviet Union, Albania, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, East Germany, Hungary, Poland, and Romania.
* How did the arms race escalate throughout the 1950s (what new weapons were made)?
* Nuclear weapons added an increasingly frightening element to the arms race.
* Hydrogen bombs, ballistic missiles
* USSR set off its first atomic bomb in 1949, then both countries developed the deadlier hydrogen bomb in the early 1950s.
* Why did Khruschev build the Berlin Wall?
* realized many East Germans were escaping to West Berlin.
* He wanted to stop this flow of refugees, so in August 1961, the East German Government began to build a wall separating West Berlin from East Berlin
* What did the Berlin Wall symbolize?
* the division between the two superpowers.
* Why were Chinese people of various classes attracted to Mao Zedong’s communist policies?
* Lower class people would feel happy
* What was the Great Leap Forward? Did it work?
* Agriculture plan
* Slogan “Hard work for a few years, happiness for a thousand.”
* Forced to live in a commune
* Classless society
* Never worked, always failed,
* dependent on outside sources like weather
* Hated New system
* What does the word Proletarian mean?
* Working class
* What was the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution?
* Trying to control the culture to make it exactly how it makes
* According to Mao, what was the ideal citizen?
* One who would give the utmost for the good of a citizen
* List the reasons why the Cultural Revolution failed:
* Permanent Revolution not easy
* Why did the Soviet-Chinese relationship sour (worsen) in the 1960s-1970s?
* The Soviet Union provided China with enormous technological and economic aid, but did not help China in retaking Taiwan from Chiang Kai-shek.
Kahoot-
1. All of the following emerged as superpowers after WWII EXCEPT:
1. China
2. What ideology was the Soviet Union trying to spread to other nations during the Cold War?
1. Communism
3. What ideology was America and its allies fighting to defend during the Cold War?
1. Capitalism
4. What did the Truman Doctrine and Marshall Plan give to countries under threat of Communism?
1. Finical aid- Money
5. What was the event when Allied planes dropped supplies to people of West Berlin after the Soviets blockaded the city?
1. Berlin Airlift
6. What was the first alliance of anti-communist countries called?
1. North Atlantic Treaty Organization - NATO
7. What was the first alliance of communist countries called?
1. Warsaw Pact
8. All of the following are weapons made throughout the 1950s that escalated the Arms Race EXCEPT:
1. Drones
9. What was a striking symbol of the division between the two superpowers during the Cold War?
1. The berlin wall
10. All of the following are reasons why the Great Leap Forward failed EXCEPT:
1. Success of the Red Guards
11. All of the following show why the Soviet-Chinese relationship worsened over time EXCEPT:
1. Chinese involvement in the Korean war
12. American Secretary of State who created the a Plan to send money to Europe
1. Marshall
13. leader of the Soviet Union who ordered the construction of the Berlin Wall
1. Krushcher
14. Leader of the Chinese Communist Party who took complete control of the country in 1949
1. Mao Zedong
15. Brought an end to the Cultural Revolution in China
1. Deng Xiaoping
16. Chinese President who fled to Taiwan at the end of the Chinese Civil War
1. Chiang Kai-shek
17. American President who prioritized improving relations with China
1. Nixon
18. Working class
1. Proletarian
19. policies of holding huge arsenals of nuclear weapons to prevent war
1. Deterrence
20. An atmosphere of constant revolutionary fervor in Mao's China
1. Permanent Revolution
21. A plan to keep something, such as communism, within its existing geographical boundaries
1. Containment
22. A country that is economically and politically dependent on another country
1. Satellite State
23. Building up armies and stores of weapons to keep up with an enemy
1. Arms race
24. a group of collective farms, which contained more than 30,000 people who lived and worked together
1. Communes
25. All of the following were steps of Mao's Cultural Revolution EXCEPT:
1. Korean War Involvement
26. All of the following are reasons why the Cultural Revolution failed EXCEPT:
1. Vietnam War